Francisco Javier Calderón Montero

Ejercicio físico como terapia no farmacológica en la artrosis de rodilla

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent joint disorders, and its major symptoms are pain and physical disability. Cartilage regeneration therapies are still under development, and current treatments target pain and disability. Physical activity could be a cheap and effective therapeutic option. However, it is not yet known which types of exercise are the most beneficial, as well as its load or intensity. Therefore, the objective of this work is to integrate all the information about the design of training programs for knee osteoarthritis treatment. All of the selected articles by Talbot and colleagues (except one), showed significant improvement in knee pain, physical performance, or both. However, many authors do not describe the main elements of the programs, so its application as a therapy or for contrasting the results is not possible.

Changes in the severity of aortic regurgitation at peak effort during exercise

BACKGROUND Chronic aortic regurgitation can be well tolerated for a long time. Some patients with normal ventricular function can even reach high levels of sporting performance. How the severity of regurgitation may change during exercise, however, is little known, although some studies suggest it diminishes. The present work examines, during exercise, the functional capacity, ventricular function, and regurgitation fraction (RF) in asymptomatic subjects with moderate or severe aortic regurgitation with preserved ejection fraction. METHODS The study subjects (n=32; 23 men, 9 women) were patients referred to our echocardiography laboratory with moderate or severe aortic regurgitation, preserved left ventricular systolic function, and sinus rhythm into NYHA functional class I. All underwent transthoracic echocardiography at rest and at peak effort during an exercise protocol involving an inclined cycloergometer. Left atrial and ventricular volume indices were recorded, along with diastolic and systolic function, cardiac index, peripheral resistance, and RF. RESULTS The mean age of the subjects was 43.8±18.2years; 59% suffered moderate regurgitation, 41% severe aortic regurgitation, and 84% had a dilated left ventricle. All subjects managed exercise loads adequate for their age. Peak effort was associated with a significant reduction (mean 44.5% [range 10-95%]) in the RF (21.8±13.2 vs. 39.3%±14.7% at rest; p=0.0001). The absolute reduction in the RF at peak effort was greater among the subjects with severe aortic regurgitation (21.2% vs. 13.3% in those with moderate regurgitation; p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS The RF becomes smaller during exercise in asymptomatic subjects with moderate or severe aortic regurgitation and preserved ventricular function.

Lipid profile response to weight loss program in overweight and obese patient is related with gender and age.

INTRODUCTION The risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases with age, however CVD is markedly higher in men than in no-menopausal women. There are few interventions where compare the different effects to lose weight on lipid profile between men and women. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the response on the lipid profile by gender after a weight loss program, and determine whether there are differences by age group. METHODS One hundred eighty (96 women and 84 men) overweight and obese participants (BMI 25-34.9 kg/m2) aged 18-50 years were randomised into treatment groups. The intervention period was 22 weeks (in all cases 3 times/wk of training for 22 weeks and 2 weeks for pre and post evaluation). All subjects followed a hypocaloric diet (25-30% less energy intake). Energy intake, body composition) and blood lipid profile were recorded at baseline and after of treatment. RESULTS The response of HDL varied between men and women (p = 0.001). While in women it decreased (HDL: -2.94%, p = 0.02), HDL was elevated in men (HDL: 5% p = 0.02). After intervention men achieved decrease significantly LDL values a 6.65% more than women (p = 0.01). For TG concentrations there were significant differences between men and women in baseline however, only men had a significant chance in post-training measured (p = 0.001). TC showed significant differences between men and women in baseline (p = 0.013). After intervention, men and women showed a significant decreased to TC (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Men achieve a positive greater change on lipid profile than women. In addition, the favorable lipid profile response decreases with increasing age.

Physical exercise as non pharmacologic therapy in knee osteoarthritis

Abstract Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent joint disorders, and its major symptoms are pain and physical disability. Cartilage regeneration therapies are still under development, and current treatments target pain and disability. Physical activity could be a cheap and effective therapeutic option. However, it is not yet known which types of exercise are the most beneficial, as well as its load or intensity. Therefore, the objective of this work is to integrate all the information about the design of training programs for knee osteoarthritis treatment. All of the selected articles by Talbot and colleagues1 (except one), showed significant improvement in knee pain, physical performance, or both. However, many authors do not describe the main elements of the programs, so its application as a therapy or for contrasting the results is not possible.