Francisco Pradas de la Fuente

Características Antropométricas, Composición Corporal y Somatotipo de Jugadores de Tenis de Mesa de Alto Nivel

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las caracteristicas antropometricas, la composicion corporal y el somatotipo de una muestra internacional de jugadores de tenis de mesa de alto nivel clasificados entre los 150 mejores jugadores del mundo. En el estudio participaron un total de 31 jugadores (18 varones y 13 mujeres) de categoria absoluta. Todos los deportistas analizados en el estudio competian de manera regular en la Superdivision, maxima categoria de la liga espanola y en pruebas internacionales de caracter oficial (ETTU e ITTF). La muestra fue distribuida en dos grupos atendiendo al sexo. Un total de 16 variables antropometricas fueron evaluadas. Se encontraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas en la masa, talla, IMC (p<0,01), en cinco pliegues (p<0,05), en dos perimetros (p<0,01) y en todos los diametros (p0,01). Asimismo se encontraron diferencias en el componente endomorfico y mesomorfico del somatotipo (p<0,02). El grupo masculino presento una distribucion del somatotipo mesomorfo balanceado (2,5-4,6-2,6) mientras que el grupo femenino fue endo-mesomorfico (4,0-3,4-2,9). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren un biotipo diferente a los datos de referencia, presentando los hombres menor endomorfia mientras que las mujeres alcanzan mayores niveles en su endomorfia y un descenso en la mesomorfia. Este estudio aporta datos biotipologicos actualizados de referencia para la poblacion de elite de tenis de mesa.

Metabolismo óseo en niños y adolescentes deportistas: revisión sistemática

BACKGROUND Physical exercise is beneficial for the prevention of osteoporosis. Bone metabolism markers are the main indicators of metabolic balance and may indicate early risk in bone tissue. AIM This systematic review aims to summarize and update present knowledge about bone metabolism markers in child and adolescent athletes. METHOD Literature search was conducted up to March 2017 in PubMed and Sport Discus. A total of 19 studies (case-control, longitudinal and randomized control trials) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. RESULTS In females, bone remodeling decreases with age independently of sport practiced. Athletes with amenorrhea had lower levels of both markers of bone turnover than control subjects. High-impact sports present higher biomarkers in females. A brief period of training have positive effects in bone formation markers in adolescent males. CONCLUSIONS The age, sex type of exercise and sport, and performance level of the subjects can deeply affect bone metabolism markers during adolescence. More studies are needed to establish common criteria for metabolic response to physical exercise in these stages.

[Influence of body composition and acceptance of physical education classes on self-esteem of children aged 14-16 years from Alicante, Spain].

espanolIntroduccion: La autoestima parece ser un importante predictor de sintomas depresivos entre los jovenes, y sobre todo en el genero femenino. Algunos autores sugieren que la existencia de sobrepeso y/o obesidad en jovenes se relaciona con una menor autoestima asi como la participacion deportiva se ha asociado con unos valores mas altos de la misma. Objetivos: Analizar las relaciones existentes entre el indice de masa corporal, sexo, aceptacion a las clases de Educacion Fisica y autoestima en una muestra representativa de escolares de 3o y 4o de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria de la ciudad de Alicante. Metodos: El estudio se llevo a cabo sobre una muestra representativa compuesta por 1.150 alumnos escolarizados en la ciudad de Alicante. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemograficos, antropometricos, valores de autoestima y de aceptacion por las clases de educacion fisica. Resultados: Existe una correlacion positiva entre la aceptacion a las clases de educacion fisica y el autoestima (r= ,319) y una correlacion negativa entre esta y el sexo de los alumnos (r= -,289), siendo el grupo femenino el que muestra unas menores puntuaciones. Existe una correlacion negativa entre el autoestima y los valores de indice de masa corporal (r= -,083), y el sexo (r= -,308), siendo el grupo femenino el que muestra unos valores menores de autoestima. Conclusiones: En vista de los resultados se hace necesario planificar actuaciones encaminadas a reforzar y aumentar la autoestima durante la adolescencia, centrandose en los grupos de riesgo formados por los jovenes con sobrepeso/obesidad y sobre por el grupo de las chicas. EnglishIntroduction: Self-esteem seems to be an important predictor of depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in females. Some authors suggest that there is a relationship between adolescents with overweight or obesity and lower self-esteem. In addition, sports participation has been associated with a higher self-esteem. Objectives: To analyses the relationships between BMI, gender, acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem in a representative sample of 14-16 years students of the Alicante city. Methods: Research was conducted with a representative sample of 1,150 students (15.1 ± 0.8 years) of the Alicante city. Data included their socio-demographic background, anthropometric measurements, self-esteem and acceptance for physical education classes. Results: There is a positive correlation between acceptance for physical education classes and selfesteem (r= .319) and there is a negative correlation between this acceptance and gender (r= -.289), lower scores were shown in a female group. There is a negative correlation between self-esteem and BMI (r= -.083) and gender (r= -.308), lower self-esteem were shown in a female group. Results: It is necessary to plan actions aimed as reinforcing and increasing self-esteem during the adolescent period, focusing on the group of girls and the group of young adults with overweight and obesity problems and especially in the girl group.INTRODUCTION Self-esteem seems to be an important predictor of depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in females. Some authors suggest that there is a relationship between adolescents with overweight or obesity and lower self-esteem. In addition, sports participation has been associated with a higher self-esteem. OBJECTIVES To analyses the relationships between BMI, gender, acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem in a representative sample of 14-16 years students of the Alicante city. METHODS Research was conducted with a representative sample of 1,150 students (15.1 ± 0.8 years) of the Alicante city. Data included their socio-demographic background, anthropometric measurements, self-esteem and acceptance for physical education classes. RESULTS There is a positive correlation between acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem (r= .319) and there is a negative correlation between this acceptance and gender (r= -.289), lower scores were shown in a female group. There is a negative correlation between self-esteem and BMI (r= -.083) and gender (r= -.308), lower self-esteem were shown in a female group. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to plan actions aimed as reinforcing and increasing self-esteem during the adolescent period, focusing on the group of girls and the group of young adults with overweight and obesity problems and especially in the girl group.

Influencia de la composición corporal y la aceptación por las clases de educación física sobre la autoestima de niños de 14-16 años de Alicante, España

espanolIntroduccion: La autoestima parece ser un importante predictor de sintomas depresivos entre los jovenes, y sobre todo en el genero femenino. Algunos autores sugieren que la existencia de sobrepeso y/o obesidad en jovenes se relaciona con una menor autoestima asi como la participacion deportiva se ha asociado con unos valores mas altos de la misma. Objetivos: Analizar las relaciones existentes entre el indice de masa corporal, sexo, aceptacion a las clases de Educacion Fisica y autoestima en una muestra representativa de escolares de 3o y 4o de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria de la ciudad de Alicante. Metodos: El estudio se llevo a cabo sobre una muestra representativa compuesta por 1.150 alumnos escolarizados en la ciudad de Alicante. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemograficos, antropometricos, valores de autoestima y de aceptacion por las clases de educacion fisica. Resultados: Existe una correlacion positiva entre la aceptacion a las clases de educacion fisica y el autoestima (r= ,319) y una correlacion negativa entre esta y el sexo de los alumnos (r= -,289), siendo el grupo femenino el que muestra unas menores puntuaciones. Existe una correlacion negativa entre el autoestima y los valores de indice de masa corporal (r= -,083), y el sexo (r= -,308), siendo el grupo femenino el que muestra unos valores menores de autoestima. Conclusiones: En vista de los resultados se hace necesario planificar actuaciones encaminadas a reforzar y aumentar la autoestima durante la adolescencia, centrandose en los grupos de riesgo formados por los jovenes con sobrepeso/obesidad y sobre por el grupo de las chicas. EnglishIntroduction: Self-esteem seems to be an important predictor of depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in females. Some authors suggest that there is a relationship between adolescents with overweight or obesity and lower self-esteem. In addition, sports participation has been associated with a higher self-esteem. Objectives: To analyses the relationships between BMI, gender, acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem in a representative sample of 14-16 years students of the Alicante city. Methods: Research was conducted with a representative sample of 1,150 students (15.1 ± 0.8 years) of the Alicante city. Data included their socio-demographic background, anthropometric measurements, self-esteem and acceptance for physical education classes. Results: There is a positive correlation between acceptance for physical education classes and selfesteem (r= .319) and there is a negative correlation between this acceptance and gender (r= -.289), lower scores were shown in a female group. There is a negative correlation between self-esteem and BMI (r= -.083) and gender (r= -.308), lower self-esteem were shown in a female group. Results: It is necessary to plan actions aimed as reinforcing and increasing self-esteem during the adolescent period, focusing on the group of girls and the group of young adults with overweight and obesity problems and especially in the girl group.INTRODUCTION Self-esteem seems to be an important predictor of depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in females. Some authors suggest that there is a relationship between adolescents with overweight or obesity and lower self-esteem. In addition, sports participation has been associated with a higher self-esteem. OBJECTIVES To analyses the relationships between BMI, gender, acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem in a representative sample of 14-16 years students of the Alicante city. METHODS Research was conducted with a representative sample of 1,150 students (15.1 ± 0.8 years) of the Alicante city. Data included their socio-demographic background, anthropometric measurements, self-esteem and acceptance for physical education classes. RESULTS There is a positive correlation between acceptance for physical education classes and self-esteem (r= .319) and there is a negative correlation between this acceptance and gender (r= -.289), lower scores were shown in a female group. There is a negative correlation between self-esteem and BMI (r= -.083) and gender (r= -.308), lower self-esteem were shown in a female group. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to plan actions aimed as reinforcing and increasing self-esteem during the adolescent period, focusing on the group of girls and the group of young adults with overweight and obesity problems and especially in the girl group.