Frank C. Magne

Methods for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. II. A stepwise hydrogen bromide titration method for cyclopropenid and epoxy derivatives

A rapid titration method is described for the quantitative determination of both cyclopropenoid and epoxy fatty acid derivatives in mixtures. It was found that epoxy compounds can be titrated selectively with Durbetaki reagent at 3C without interference from cyclopropenoid derivatives. Cyclopropenoid derivatives can be titrated much more rapidly to a much sharper end point a 55C that at room temperature. Thus mixtures can be analyzed by first titrating at 3C to determine the epoxy compounds and then continuing the titration at 55C to determine the cyclopropenoid components.

Methods for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. IV. Application of the step-wise HBr titration method to the analysis of refined and crude cottonseed oils

A method is described for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids in refined and crude cottonseed oils to within 0.01%. It is based upon a stepwise hydrogen bromide titration at 3C and 55C after removal of interfering substances by adsorption on activated alumina. Highly oxidized cottonseed oils first must be converted to methyl esters.

Phase equilibrium data pertaining to the extraction of cottonseed oil with ethanol and 2-propanol

SummaryBasic phase relation data have been obtained relative to the extraction of cottonseed oil with ethanol and 2-propanol, especially as affected by water in the solvent. Mutual solubility diagrams have been constructed for cottonseed oil with ethanol and 2-propanol of various aqueous concentrations. Tie-line data at 30° C. have been obtained for the ternary ethanol-cotton-seed oil-water and 2-propanol-cottonseed oil-water systems. These combined data will be of assistance in the selection of the most desirable temperatures and moisture concentrations in the solvent extraction of cottonseed with these alcohols. Comparison with results previously published for soybean oil suggests that the mutual solubility data for cottonseed oil and aqueous ethanols are applicable to other vegetable oils over a wide range of iodine values.In general, the results indicate that 2-propanol is the more desirable solvent since complete miscibility with the oil can be attained at temperatures below its normal boiling point even at moisture contents as high as 10% by weight whereas ethanol can tolerate only about 1.5% of water. High moisture contents result in more effective separation of the oil from the solvent when the miscella is cooled after extraction. Constant boiling aqueous ethanol and 2-propanol present the disadvantage of requiring greater than atmospheric pressure during extraction in order to attain complete miscibility with the oil.

Antimicrobial activity and physical characteristics of some N,N-Disubstituted decanamides

A number of N,N-disubstituted decanamides have been prepared, characterized and screened for their antimicrobial activity against a number of pathogenic organisms including bacteria both gram positive and negative, yeasts and molds. Several of these compounds exhibited a broad spectrum and high level of activity against all or most of the test organisms. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds has been shown to correlate with their dispersibility and surface tension in an aqueous systems.

Epoxidized jojoba oil as a stabilizer for vinyl chloride containing plastics

SummaryEpoxidized jojoba oil has been evaluated as a light and heat stabilizer for vinyl chloride containing plastics and its properties, intercompared with those of other epoxides representative of three major classes of oxirane stabilizers. The results obtained show that epoxidized jojoba oil is a satisfactory thermal and ultraviolet stabilizer for both TCP and DOP plasticized stocks and has no adverse effects on the plasticizer properties of these materials. In general, epoxidized jojoba oil was found to be equivalent to or, in some instances, superior to the other epoxides tested.

Lubricants and lubricant additives: II. Performance characteristics of some substituted fatty acid esters

Sixty-one compounds, principally substituted fatty esters of mono- and polyhydric alcohols, but including some amides and two imidazolidines, were prepared and evaluated as lubricants and lubricant additives for paraffin and diester base oils. The effects of chloro, phosphato, phosphorodithio, thio, epithio, mercapto, and sulfuryl substituents, alone and in certain combinations, on the performances of the compounds as antiwear and extreme pressure lubricants were investigated. The epithio (thiirane) group was the most effective and consistent in enhancing extreme pressure and antiwear performances of the compounds as additives. Sulfurized and chloro-sulfone derivatives also were effective, but perhaps somewhat less predictably so, than the epithio derivatives. The phosphato and phosphorodithio derivatives were good, consistent, antiwear additives, but only the latter seemed potentially useful for improving extreme pressure lubrication. Structure-performance correlations favor use of the esters over the amides.

Reaction of cyclopropenoid fatty acid derivatives with hydrogen halides

The treatment ofSterculia foetida oil with concentrated aqueous HCl or with HBr in acetic acid results in the addition of one hydrohalogen molecule per cyclopropenoid moiety. Iodine value (I.V.) and infrared absorption measurements indicate that the mechanism parallels that of the polymerization of sterculic acid and involves the formation of four isomeric monoun-saturated monohalo moieties.

Lubricants and lubricant additives: I. Performance characteristics of N-mono and N,N-Disubstituted fatty amides and modified fatty amides

A number of N-mono and N,N-disubstituted amides of substituted and unsubstituted C18 fatty acids have been prepared and evaluated as base lubricants and lubricant additives. The neat epithioamides possess extreme pressure lubricant characteristics and are noncorrosive at normal temperatures. The epithioamides also frequently function as extreme pressure additives and antiwear agents for paraffinic or diester base oils, sometimes in both capacities for both base oils. The intensiveness of these properties correlated directly with the degree of thiirane substitution in the compound. Performance in both these capacities at the same levels of epithioation was dependent upon the N- or N,N-substituent groups present.

Methods for the determination of cyclopropenoid fatty acids V. A spectrophotometric method for cottonseed oils based upon the Halphen-test reaction

A spectrophotometric method of analysis for the quantitative estimation of cyclopropenoid fatty acids in cottonseed oil based upon the Halphen-test reaction has been described. Various parameters involved in the reaction have been investigated and two pigment fractions responsible for the characteristic Halphen-test cherry-red color have been isolated. The method is applicable to relatively small amts of sample material. The average deviation from the actual cyclopropenoid acid contents as determined by the stepwise HBr titration method was less than ±0.02% in both the refined and crude oil series.

Antimicrobial activity of some fatty acid derivatives

Petroselinic and ricinoleic acids and a number of their derivatives, together with stearic acid and two oleic acid derivatives which were in-cluded for the purpose of comparison, have been screened for antimycotic activity against 22 pathogenic yeasts and molds. A number of the compounds exhibited a wide spectrum of activity, testing either fair or good against all or most of the yeasts and molds, and almost all were fairly active against at least one of the organisms.