Franz Heiser

Resonant photofragmentation of methanol at the carbon and oxygen K-edge by high-resolution ion-yield spectroscopy

Resonant photofragmentation of core-excited methanol has been studied with high-resolution partial ion-yield spectroscopy near both the carbon and oxygen K-edge. Non-coincident and coincident fragmentation channels were monitored simultaneously. A steep increase in the coincidence yield curves above the ionization threshold, where the normal Auger decay produces doubly charged or multiply charged species which yield two or more charged fragments, has been observed. A relevant difference in resonant structure has been observed while comparing the fragmentation at the carbon K-edge and the oxygen K-edge. Evidence for inter-atomic Auger decay is presented for one particular single channel around the oxygen K-edge.

Energy and angle resolved studies of double photo-ionization of helium by electron time-of-flight coincidence spectroscopy

Helium double photo-ionization is studied by a novel coincidence technique which employs time-of-flight spectrometers. Using this technique it is possible to collect simultaneously all the electron pairs, with different energy sharing, emitted by the absorption of a single energetic incident photon. The measurements, in a configuration where the two electrons emerge at relative angle, provide the more complete information on the contribution of the ungerade amplitude to the triple differential cross section and allow the establishment of a relative scale for the full coincident angular distribution measured by other experiments at the same photon energies, but only for a few selected energy-sharing conditions.

Product feature prioritization using the Hidden Structure method: A practical case at Ericsson

In this paper, we present a case were we employ the Hidden Structure method to product feature prioritization at Ericsson. The method extends the more common Design Structure Matrix (DSM) approach that has been used in technology management (e.g. project management and systems engineering) for quite some time in order to model complex systems and processes. The hidden structure method focuses on analyzing a DSM based on coupling and modularity theory, and it has been used in a number of software architecture and software portfolio cases. In previous work by the authors the method was tested on organization transformation at Ericsson, however this is the first time it has been employed in the domain of product feature prioritization. Today, at Ericsson, features are prioritized based on a business case approach where each feature is handled isolated from other features and the main focus is customer or market-based requirements. By employing the hidden structure method we show that features are heavily dependent on each other in a complex network, thus they should not be treated as isolated islands. These dependencies need to be considered when prioritizing features in order to save time and money, as well as increase end customer satisfaction.

Revealing Hidden Structures in Organizational Transformation – A Case Study

EA initiatives are usually spanning the entire enterprise on high level. While, a typical development organization (could be a business unit within a larger enterprise) often has detailed models describing their product, the enterprise architecture on the business unit level is handled in an ad hoc or detached way. However, research shows that there is a tight link between the product architecture and its developing organization. In this paper we have studied an organization within Ericsson, which focuses on the development of large software and hardware products. We have applied the hidden structure method, which is based on the Design Structure Matrix approach, to analyze of organizational transformations. The to-be scenarios are possible alternatives in trying to become more agile and lean. Our analysis shows that one scenario likely increases the complexity of developing the product, while the other two suggestions are both promising to-be scenarios.

Angle-resolved resonant Auger electron spectroscopy of CO after vibrationally resolved C

Angle-resolved resonant electron spectra following vibrationally resolved C 1s nl ( = 0,1) excitations in CO have been measured. The observed groups of resonant Auger lines exhibit great similarity in shape to the C-KVV group of non-resonant Auger lines and the observed angular distribution behaviour reflects the symmetry-dependent anisotropies of the excitation process. The molecular progressions in the C 1s* resonant Auger spectrum could be clearly identified due to their different angular distribution behaviour. Furthermore, it could be shown that the screening energies for spectator electrons over binding energy have a linear dependence between 3p, 4p and threshold as was expected for the higher p-symmetry Rydberg orbitals.

1s \to nl\lambda

We report on angle-resolved high-resolution measurements of C (KVV) Auger spectra of CO in the vicinity of the C (1s) σ∗-shape resonance above threshold. These spectra show clear evidence for the theoretically predicted anisotropic K-shell Auger emission in molecules. Complementary results from angle-resolved photoion-spectroscopy show that the small size of the observed effect is, besides the varying intrinsic anisotropy of the Auger decay, also due to a smaller anisotropy in the primary absorption process than originally predicted but in good agreement with more recent calculations. Contrary to this, some satellite Auger transitions show large anisotropies outside the shape resonance, an effect attributed to a conjugate shakeup transition in the primary photoionization process. All Auger anisotropies show a clear and distinct variation across the shape resonance which enables a distinction between different types of Auger transitions concerning the primary photoionization process.

excitations

In order to evaluate and increase modularity this paper combines a method for visualizing and measuring software architectures and two algorithms for decoupling. The combination is tested on a software system at Ericsson. Our analysis show that the system has one large cluster of components (18% of the system, a Core), all interacting with each other. By employing cluster and dominator analysis we suggest 19 dependencies to be removed in order to decouple the Core. Validating the analysis output with experts at Ericsson six of the suggested dependencies where deemed impossible to remove. By removing the remaining 13 dependencies Ericsson would improve the architecture of their system considerably, e.g. core size would go down to 5%.