Frederic Claret-Tournier

Microfabrication by use of a Spatial Light Modulator in the Ultraviolet: Experimental results

We report the development of a new microstereophotolithography technique for creation of three-dimensional microcomponents by use of a planar, layer-by-layer process of exposure, in which a spatial light modulator is used as a dynamic lithographic mask. The system operates in the UV to take advantage of the wide supply of commercially available photopolymers designed for conventional stereolithography. With this novel procedure it is possible to build components with feature sizes as small as a few micrometers. The experimental setup is briefly described, and the first microcomponent fabricated by this system is shown.

Optical and electronic design of a hybrid digital-optical correlator system

The design of a digital-optical hybrid correlator is detailed. The design of the optical-Fourier-transform lens and the mechanical lens housing are detailed, as well as the video-rate fast-Fourier-transform digital signal-processing hardware and overall electronic control. Example results using several different filters and modulation techniques are described.

M-Commerce Secured Using Web-Enabled Mobile Biometric Agents

M-commerce brings challenges for both individuals and society. The creation and maintenance of secure identities for online payment has emerged as an important priority of businesses and consumers. In order to address some of these challenges we implement an efficient biometric mobile payment authorization system combined with an embedded commercial barcode reader to provide a worldwide platform-independent mobile payment authentication and tracking system. Pixel oriented methods are implemented in our algorithms to facilitate this low- power computing application. As a result, a standard VGA sized iris image can be verified within 100 ms and the 1-Dimensinal or 2-Demensinal barcode can be real-time decoded while providing product information or payment instructions via a network connection. This combination of barcode reading and customer identity authentication provides a powerful tool for secure m- Commerce applications.

A secure mobile track and trace system for anti-counterfeiting

Counterfeiting is now a global problem. Seven percent (7%) of all world trade is in counterfeit goods. Counterfeit goods do not only target famous brand names but anything that can buy. Virtually every country in the world suffers from counterfeiting which results in - lost tax revenue, job losses, health and safety problems and business losses. Nowadays, the mobile users can access the Internet at any time, from anywhere and from their shirt pockets/purses using ubiquitous inexpensive computing. Mobile phones are becoming indispensable. The aim of this paper is to show how business can protect their products from counterfeiting by using a secure mobile track and trace system, which will allow their stakeholders to authenticate the products in real time through a Web-enabled mobile camera phone.

Experimental implementation of a Wiener filter in a hybrid digital–optical correlator

We present the implementation of a clutter-tolerant filter in a hybrid correlator system. Wiener filters were mapped with a complex encoding technique onto a smectic A(*) liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). The technique overcomes the problem of representing high-dynamic-range data on SLMs that have limited modulation capabilities. It also provides a compact image recognition system that is robust enough for many real-world applications. Experimental results are presented.

Automated vehicle occupancy monitoring

There are an increasing number of high-occupancy-vehicle lanes throughout the world. In these lanes each vehicle is required to have two or more occupants. These laws are currently manually enforced. This paper presents a new system for automating the enforcement process, using color image segmentation techniques to find the windshield area, and face detection to count the number of occupants within a vehicle.

Computer-generated complex filter for an all-optical and a digital-optical hybrid correlator

We present results of a correlation filter utilizing a computer-generated hologram using an analog ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM amplitude-modulates light and can induce a 0-p phase shift, which is equivalent to modulating along the real axis. Two pixels are combined into a macropixel using a phase-detour technique enabling full complex modulation. The method is used as the filter for a conventional optical correlator and in a digital-optical hybrid correlator.

Optical Design of a Miniature Fourier Transform Lens System for a Hybrid Digital-Optical Correlator

The availability of high resolution spatial light modulators (SLMs) and modern digital signal processors (DSPs) allows a convenient hybridization of digital and optical image processing to produce a small and compact correlator system. The hybridization allows the optical Fourier transform lens system for a correlator to be compact, such that it will fit inside a conventional PC. We describe the design of the optical system.

Hardware implementation details of a hybrid digital/optical correlator system

A consideration of the system advantages of a hybrid digital/optical correlator configuration together with some details of its construction were reported at the OPR X Conference. In this arrangement the input scene is digitally Fourier transformed at video-rate with a digital signal processor, the spectral data mixed with digitally stored templates and the result loaded onto a high frame-rate Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). An optical Fourier transform of this display then implements a correlation between the input scene and the reference template. Since the optical Fourier transform is practically instantaneous and the digital mixing and display on the SLM can accomplished at least two orders of magnitude faster than the digital Fourier transform, many reference templates may be searched during an input frame interval. Thus unconstrained pattern recognition problems may be tackled with this device.

An agent-oriented mobile payment system secured using a biometrics approach

The significant market growth of mobile commerce brings challenges for individuals, society and technology. The creation and maintenance of secure identities for online payment has emerged as an important priority for business and consumers. In order to address some of these challenges, an agent-oriented Biometric Mobile Payment (BMP) system is developed to provide a platform-independent payment system compatible with mobile phones. This system combines two elements: a mobile two-dimensional barcode reader and a Mobile Biometric Identification (MBI) system. In this application, mobile phone users can use the two-dimensional barcode reader to scan the barcodes of products or a bill that they would like to purchase or pay, and make payments via the mobile phone using the MBI system. By using this approach, fraud committed by impostors and the risks for financial institutions and mobile phone operators can be greatly reduced. By adopting the agent-oriented system design, the MBI system and mobile two-dimensional barcode reader can be used as stand-alone tools or they can collaborate seamlessly as a BMP system. The reusability of the software agents also allows more applications to use the MBI and BMP systems in future applications.