Frederico Rocha

Dinâmica da concentração de mercado na indústria Brasileira, 1996-2003

Dynamics of market concentration in the Brazilian industry, 1996-2003 - The aim of this paper is to study the changes in market concentration in the Brazilian mining and manufacturing industries that took place from 1996 to 2003. The paper decomposes the Herfindahl-Hirschman index into variations in the size distribution and the number of firms. The results show that the average concentration did not change greatly in the period analyzed; however, a small group of industries showed significant differences in concentration. In these cases, changes in size distribution appear to have more importance than changes in the number of firms.

Produtividade do trabalho e mudança estrutural nas indústrias brasileiras extrativa e de transformação, 1970-2001

Using an indicator of labor productivity, this paper aims to assess the contribution of structural changes in the Brazilian manufacturing and mining industries to productivity growth, during the 1970-2001 period. The conclusion is that: (i) there is no evidence to sustain that the Brazilian industry has definitely reversed the productivity growth rates slowdown trend; (ii) there is no clear evidence of a positive influence of the structural bonus; and (iii) job creation seems to be concentrated in low productivity growth sectors.

Procurement as innovation policy and its distinguishing effects on innovative efforts of the Brazilian oil and gas suppliers

ABSTRACT This paper aims to assess the effect of public procurement for innovation (PPI) in the Brazilian oil and gas sector on the innovative behavior of suppliers. It emphasizes the role PPI may play in developing countries due to its ability to target a wide range of firm sizes and to contribute to a more even diffusion of technical progress. Using microdata from RAIS and coarsened exact matching, results show that treated firms present on average a higher intensity of innovative efforts than the control sample. In small firms, PPI has a positive effect on the probability of carrying out innovative activities. Once small firms have decided to carry out these activities, treated and control samples have similar innovative effort intensities. The treatment’s effect on large firms’ probability of performing innovative activities is positive but lower than small firms. Nonetheless, there is a significant and positive effect on the intensity of these efforts. The paper suggests that, due to its effects over a wide range of firm sizes, PPI may be a worthwhile policy to implement for the reduction of structural heterogeneity present in developing countries.

MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES AND THE INTERNALIZATION OF R&D: ARE THERE INTRA-FIRM R&D NETWORKS?

Using patent data, this paper attempts to add empirical evidence to the study of the R&D internationalization, understanding and to understand the types of knowledge developed abroad by MNE, associating them to firm main characteristics. The gathering of the results seems to put in doubt the existence of an intra-firm network strictu sensu. Foreign technological efforts seem to be associated with three very important features: intemationalization of productive activity, technological diversification and duplication of competencies (tliat is, nonspecialization). It seems therefore that the internationalization of R&D activities is a consequence of the globalization of production and the need to adapt production to clients in a scenario where home markets lose their relative importance.