Friedemann T. Freund
Goddard Space Flight Center
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Publication
Featured researches published by Friedemann T. Freund.
The Astrophysical Journal | 2006
Minoru M. Freund; Friedemann T. Freund
We present a dust grain model based on the fundamental principle of solid solutions. The model is applicable to the mineral (silicate) component of the dust in the interstellar medium (ISM). We show that nanometer-sized mineral grains,which condense inthe gas-rich outflowof late-stage stars or expandinggas shellsofsupernova explosions,do notconsistof justhighmeltingpointoxidesorsilicates. Insteadtheyformsolidsolutionswithgas-phasecomponents H2O, CO, and CO2 that are omnipresent in environments where the grains condense. Through a series of thermodynamically well-understood solid-state processes, these solid solutions beco me ‘‘parents’’ of organic matter that precipitates inside the grains. Thus, the mineral dust grains and their organics become part of the same thermodynamicallydefinedsolidphaseand,hence,physicallyinseparable.Thismodelcanaccountformanyastronomical observations,whichnopriormodelcanadequatelyaddress,specifically:(1)OrganicsinthediffuseISMareidentified
Archive | 2002
Friedemann T. Freund; Murzy D. Jhabvala; Anh T. La; Peter K. Shu; S. S. Tsay; D. P. Ouzounov; Fei Yu
American chemical society. National meeting. 196 | 1990
Friedemann T. Freund; Francois Batllo; Minoru M. Freund
Archive | 2002
Friedemann T. Freund; D. P. Ouzounov; Minoru M. Freund; Zongru Wan; Qi Jun Zhang; Y.-Q. Zhang; Murzy D. Jhabvala; Anh T. La; M. McClare; A. M. Velle; Fei Yu; S. S. Tsay
Archive | 1989
Friedemann T. Freund; Francois Batllo; Minoru M. Freund
Archive | 2012
Friedemann T. Freund; Minoru M. Freund
Archive | 2006
Michelle McMillan; Friedemann T. Freund
Archive | 2005
Dimitar Ouzounov; S. Pulintes; Nevin Bryant; Patrick T. Taylor; Friedemann T. Freund
Archive | 2004
S. A. Bansal; J. Thomas Dickinson; Friedemann T. Freund
Archive | 2004
Friedemann T. Freund; Minoru M. Freund; Si-Chee Tsay; D. P. Ouzounov