Fs Taccone

Hemodynamic and metabolic alterations associated with septic acute kidney injury in experimental sepsis.

The role of renal perfusion in the development of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) remains elusive. When septic AKI develops in the presence of hypotension, renal dysfunction is considered to be caused by reduced renal blood flow and tissue hypoxia. However, an integrated view of the effects of sepsis on renal blood flow, oxygenation and local metabolism is currently lacking.

Red cells distribution width after cardiac arrest

Methods Retrospective analysis of an institutional database including all adult comatose patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) after CA from January 2007 to December 2014. Inclusion criteria were as follows: age ≥18, non-traumatic arrest and survival ≥ 24 hours after admission. We collected demographics and CA related data. We also collected daily routine blood analyses; RDW (normal values: 10.9-13.4%), was obtained from the day of admission to day 3. We recorded ICU mortality and long-term neurological outcome; a CPC score of 3-5 at 3-months was used to define poor neurological outcome (PNO).

A high aminoglycoside regimen associated with renal replacement therapy for the treatment of multi-drug resistant pathogens

Infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative (GN) organisms in critically ill patients are a therapeutic challenge. Few therapeutical options are available.

B-lactams serum concentrations in critically ill cirrhotic patients: a matched-control study

Few data are available on the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of b-lactams in critically ill cirrhotic patients.

Post-mortem findings in critically ill patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy

Despite the high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients, studies evaluating histopathological renal findings in these patients yielded inconsistent results. No studied specifically evaluated renal histology in intensive care unit (ICU) patients treated by continuos renal replacement therapy for severe AKI.

Determinants of renal recovery and mortality inpatients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy in the ICU

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is commonly used in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). However, factors which influence outcome and the optimal way to integrate CRRT into the care of these patients needs to be better defined[1].

Angiotensin converting enzymes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Angiotensin converting enzymes (ACEs) are important in the control of the cardiovascular function and their inhibition have a primary role in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. However they have effects beyond the cardiovascular system. Angiotensin 2 production by ACE and stimulation of the angiotensin 1 (AT1) receptor subtype reduces nitric oxide bioavailability, promotes inflammation and fibrosis. The ACE type 2 (ACE2) increases angiotensin 1-7 production and counterbalances ACE effects. Some animal data have shown a beneficial role of the up-regulation of the ACE2 pathway and a detrimental role for the up-regulation of the ACE classic pathway in different ARDS, but there are no data in patients with ARDS.

Assessment of early lymphopenia after cardiac arrest

A significant decrease in circulating lymphocytes can occur after septic shock and severe trauma and is associated with a poor outcome. After cardiac arrest (CA), the return of spontaneous circulation is associated with a significant inflammatory response that can also mimic the same alterations, but lymphocyte count has not been studied in this setting.

0354. Effects of sodium nitroprusside in addition to therapeutic hypothermia after experimental cardiac arrest

Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has been shown to provide additional protective effects when combined with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) in some experimental models of cardiac arrest (CA) [1,2,3].

0888. Administration of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) protects renal microcirculation after ischemia and reperfusion

Abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery with supra-renal clamping is associated with potential development of renal insufficiency. Ischemia and reperfusion (I-R) produced during the procedure induces endothelial dysfunction with a decrease in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a cofactor used in nitric oxide synthesis.