G. van Wagenen

Composition of the Milk of the Monkey (M. mulatto)

Summary 1. Monkeys milk tends toward that of the human in composition and differs from cows milk in having a lower percentage of protein and ash and a higher percentage of milk sugar. 2. A modification of cows milk for infant monkey (M. mulatta) feeding is described.

Erythropoietic stimulation induced by anemic serum.

Summary Serum irom monkeys made anemic by bleeding induced a significant retic-ulocytosis when large amounts (from 6 to 10% of the body weight) were infused into normal monkeys. Serum from normal monkeys did not have a similar effect.

Radioactive estradiol accumulation in endometriosis of the rhesus monkey

Abstract 3 H-estradiol was administered intravenously to 7 rhesus monkeys and the concentration of radioactivity in tissues measured one or two hours later. Four of the monkeys had endometriosis; in three the disease followed pelvic irradiation several years previously. High concentrations of radioactivity were found in the endometrium, myometrium, endometriosis, and adenomyosis relative to the concentrations in plasma, fat, or muscle.

Effect of Testosterone Propionate on Permanent Canine Tooth Eruption in the Monkey (Macaca mulatta).

Conclusions A study of Table I reveals that in no normal male were the 4 permanent canines recorded as having emerged more or less simultaneously. The average age of the injected animals at time of canine emergence is seen to be about a year earlier than that of the controls. In fact, the earliest permanent canines in the latter group did not appear as early as the latest ones in the experimental group. It is thus evident that when androgen is employed as a growth-stimulating agent, the development with emergence of the canine teeth is also accelerated.

Pyeloureteral dilatation of pregnancy after death of the fetus

Abstract Upper urinary tract dilatation has been demonstrated in the monkey after death of the fetus, but while the placenta remained functional toward the maternal organism. The unruptured uterine contents were secured at hysterotomy in two instances and recovered at the time of a spontaneous abortion in the third. These three histories of primary death of the fetus parallel earlier experiments in which the fetus alone was surgically removed. Thus, pyeloureteral dilatation in pregnancy is associated with the functioning of the maternal surface of the placenta during the physiological state of pregnancy without dependence on the continued presence or life of the fetus.

Hormone Content of Anterior Pituitary of Monkey (Macaca mulatta) with Special Reference to Gonadotrophins

Summary Individual anterior pituitaries as well as pooled glands of Macaca mulatta have been assayed in hypophysectomized immature female rats for their content of trophic hormones, particularly gonadiotrophic hormones. 1. In the adult female macaque, the content of follicle stimulating hormone was highest between the ninth and eleventh days of the cycle. The content of interstitial cell stimulating hormone was also maximum at this time of cycle. The ratio of ICSH to FSH was highest (10 to 1) on days 11 and 15. 2. In adult male anterior pituitary the total content of ICSH and FSH and the ratio between these hormones was approximately the same as in the adult female pituitaries at beginning and end of menstrual cycle. The gonadotrophic hormone content of pituitaries of immature animals was lower than in adults. 3. Other trophic hormones in the adult female pituitary, thyro trophic, adrenocortico-trophic and growth hormones, did not change in amount during the menstrual cycle. In adult male, as well as in the female pituitary, thyrotrophic and adrenocorticotrophic hormones were present in low concentration, but growth hormone was present in high unitage.

Hysterectomy at Parturition and Ovarian Function in the Monkey (M. mulatta)

Conclusion Supravaginal hysterectomy in the macaque at the time of parturition causes no tleviation from the normal pattern in the resumption of ovarian activity as demonstrated by the study of vaginal desquamation.

Gonadotrophic Hormone Excretion of the Pregnant Monkey (Macaca mulatto).

Summary The urinary excretion of gonadotrophin by pregnant Macaca mulatto, was assayed at intervals from day 22 to 179 of gestation. Hypophysectomized immature female rats were injected with concentrates equivalent to 1/4 days output of urine. Only urine excreted between days 22 and 34 of pregnancy had a gonadotrophs action, and the action was restricted to repair of the interstitial tissue. The gonadotrophic stimulus observed in normal immature rats was comparable to that from low doses of human chorionic gonadotropin during this extremely limited period of pregnancy.

Excretion of Sex Hormones in Urine of Adult Male Monkeys.4

The concentration of androgenic activity found in the urine of human males has been shown to be high in comparison to that found in the urine of stallions, bulls and rams. 1 It becomes of interest, therefore, to study the quantitative excretion of androgenic substances in the urine of the adult male monkey. Three normal adult rhesus monkeys of known fertility weighing between 6.9 and 10.0 kg were chosen for the urine collections. Four samples from each monkey were collected over periods of 72 or 96 hours. The method employed for the quantitative extraction of androgenic and estrogenic substances from the urines has been previously described. 2 The androgenic activity was assayed by means of the day-old chicks comb, 3 while the estrogenic activity was determined by means of the estrus reaction in the adult spayed female mouse. The results of the assays of both estrogenic and androgenic activity are listed in Table I. It is shown that the adult male monkey excretes both estrogenic and androgenic substances. The estrogenic activity varied from 11.1 to 2.5 I.U. per 24 hours, while the anidrogenic activity varied from 1.0 to 4.7 I.U. per 24 hours.