Gadafi M. Romalan

Performances comparison of various design slot pole of Field Excitation Flux Switching Machines with segmental rotor

Single-phase Field Excitation Flux Switching Machines (FEFSMs) are increasingly considered as suitable candidate for high speed applications due to their variable flux capability and single piece structure of rotor. However, most of existing FEFSMs have overlap windings between armature and field excitation coil (FEC) which lead to increased size of motor, copper losses as well as material costs. This paper describes the performance comparison of four topologies of FEFSMs, with particularly emphasis on the segmental rotor and non-overlap armature and FEC windings placed on the stator. The performances, including coil arrangement test, back-EMF, flux strengthening, cogging torque, flux line, flux distribution of machines are analyzed and compared by 2D finite element analysis (FEA). The results obtained show that the appropriate combination of stator slot-rotor pole configurations is 12S-6P which provide high torque and power.

Development of a novel permanent magnet flux switching machine prototype for light weight electric vehicles

Increasing transportation efficiency is the best place to start efforts to reduce emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a primary culprit in global warming. This has gained an interest in electric vehicles (EVs) instead of conventional internal combustion engine from automakers, governments and customers to make it as more attractive research. Since electric motors are the core of EVs, it is a pressing need for researchers to develop advanced electric motors. As one of the candidates, flux switching machine (FSM) is introduced in order to cope with the requirement. This paper outlines an investigation and prototype development of a novel FSM employing alternate circumferential and radial flux (AlCiRaF) permanent magnet (PM) configurations. At first stage, the machine general construction, operating principle and design concept of proposed machine is portrayed. Subsequently, coil arrangement test, 3-phase flux linkage, back emf, cogging torque, output torque and power are analyzed by two-dimensional finite element analysis (2D-FEA) using JMAG solver while Solidwork software is utilized for the fabrication process. Accordingly, the simulated result shows that the proposed AlCiRaF PMFSM machine attains its highest output torque performances of 46.55 Nm and output power of 18.5kW at maximum Ja of 30Arms/mm2, respectively suitable for light weight EV.

Load analysis of dual Rotor Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (DR-HEFSM)

Dual Rotor Hybrid Excitation Machine (DRHEFSM) idea mainly comes from the existing Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (HEFSM). HEFSM has been tested and obtain remarkably result. The machine rivaled the Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM) and produce high performance when compared to Field Excitation Flux Switching Machine (FEFSM) and Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine (PMFSM). The DRHEFSM operating principle has been tested and confirmed to follow the three phase operating machine principle. Further load analyses are conducted in order to examine the performance of the DRHEFSM. Through the test, the machine torque, speed and power are able to identify. Even though the machine supply equal flux sources to inner and outer rotor, the performance of the inner rotor higher than outer rotor.

Design improvement of flux switching permanent magnet using combined local and global method

Recently, outer-rotor electric machine become a research attention to be applied for in-wheel motor either in electric or hybrid electric vehicles (EVs). Among the competitor for in-wheel machines, the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSMs) with an outer-rotor have been used widely due to their high performances in terms of torque ad power. However, there is drawback cause by demagnetization and mechanical damage of the rotor magnets in extreme driving conditions. Therefore, the initial design of improvement the 12S-14P outer-rotor flux switching permanent magnet machine (ORFSPMM) for in-wheel machine is proposed and analyze to solve the problem. Then, the design has been optimized using combination of local and global optimization methods in order to enhance the design to reach the maximum performances. Finally, the torque performance for optimized 12S-14P ORFSPM has been improved 64.4% higher than initial performance.

Skewing and notching configurations for torque pulsation minimization in spoke-type interior permanent magnet motors

Interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors become popular and commonly used in industry and domestic applications. One of them is spoke-type IPM. Spoke-type interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines are an attractive topology for high-performance electric motors. In most of the applications, the high strength of permanent magnets causes the undesirable effects of high cogging torque that can aggravate motor performance. Consequently, the reduction of cogging torque becomes an important topic in IPM motor. In this paper, to minimize the effect of cogging torque in IPM motor, two common techniques for cogging torque reduction such as skewing, and notching, has been analyzed in order to compare the cogging torque, back EMF and efficiency effect. 3D finite element analysis (FEA) by JMAG software is carried out for each technique. The results showed the reduction of cogging torque up to 98.6%, followed by 81.84%, 45.24% and 36.79% compared to the initial model design.

12Slot-14pole Dual Rotor Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (DR-HEFSM) load analysis

Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (HEFSM) is a machine that achieves high performances, where it can compete with the Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (IPMSM) which being implemented widely in HEV nowadays. The machine also when compared to Field Excitation Flux Switching Machine (FEFSM) and Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine (PMFSM), generate much higher performance mainly because it utilise two main flux sources. Dual Rotor Hybrid Excitation Flux Switching Machine (DRHEFSM) is created in order to get high performances machine, much higher than HEFSM. Load analysis is conducted in order to verify the 12Slot-14PoleDRHEFSM machine performances. Through the analysis, the performances of the machine are able to identify. Although, the outer and inner rotor being supplied with equal flux source, the outer rotor produces much higher performances than inner rotor.

Rotor pole analysis for 12slot outer-rotor field excitation flux switching motor(ORFEFSM) for electric vehicle

Direct-drive is one of the in-wheel application that evolve enormously for full electric vehicle where it still require a lot of improvement and as an alternative especially on the outer-rotor field excitation flux switching motor. Furthermore, to reduce the usage and dependence of permanent magnet such as ferrite magnet, FE2O3 and neodymium an alternative is needed. Besides, without permanent magnet there will be no demagnetization occur. Hence, in order to determine the suitable and the best slot-pole configuration, a no-load and load analysis should be done using 2-D FEA. The first part will be introduction of flux switching motor and the calculation related to designing. After that an overview of the basic design parameters and specifications scheme will be explained. The main part presents an important review of no-load analysis and load analysis for electric vehicle applications. The review is very important to provide guidelines and insights for future research and development on this design for sustainable reliability and energy efficient EV applications. Furthermore, in this review shows the initial design and analysis before further to optimization process.

Structural and assembly design of outer-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching motor based on finite element analysis approach

Research and development on flux switching machines (FSMs) getting popular due to their several definite advantages of high torque and power densities, constant power over a wide speed range, higher efficiency and robust rotor structure inherits combined advantages of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and switched-reluctance motor (SRM). There are many developed and novel design of FSMs for various application ranging from domestic appliances till to heavy applications such as for electric traction and aerospace industry. Nonetheless, most of researches have been reported are described on inner-rotor configuration and only few on outer-rotor configuration. This paper presents a structural and assembly design of outer-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching motor (OR-HEFSM) for a direct driven application. Initially, the proposed three-phase 12Slot-14Pole OR-HEFSM configuration is discussed in detail. Furthermore, related parameters and operating principle are also examined via two dimensional (2D) finite element analysis (FEA) implemented using JAMG-Designer software. Then, a 3D structure of the proposed motor is developed using SolidWorks computational software to validate the configuration and confirmed the final design parameters to be proceed for prototype development. Based on both design analysis approach, the proposed motors operating principle with final design parameters generate maximum torque, power and speed of 21.6Nm, 4.6kW and 8500 rpm, respectively.