Gail W. Lapidus

From union to commonwealth : nationalism and separatism in the Soviet republics

1. Introduction Gail Lapidus, Victor Zaslavsky and Philip Goldman 2. State, civil society and ethnic cultural consolidation in the USSR - roots of the national question Ronald Suny 3. The impact of perestroika on the national question Gail Lapidus 4. The evolution of separatism in Soviet society under Gorbachev Victor Zaslavsky 5. Perestroika and the ethnic consciousness of Russians Leokadia Drobizheva 6. Nationality policies in the period of perestroika: some comments from a supreme Soviet deputy Galina Starovoiteva.

Ethnonationalism and Political Stability: The Soviet Case

While the Soviet system has demonstrated an unusual degree of immunity to the worldwide upsurge of ethnic self-assertion, rising national consciousness among both Russian and non-Russian populations poses a growing, although not necessarily unmanageable, problem for the Soviet leadership. Several issues bearing directly on the resources, power, and status of different nationalities lie at the heart of current debates: the nature and future of the federal system; the pace and pattern of economic development; access to positions of political power; demographic policy; and cultural and linguistic status. Over the long term, the political mobilization of ethnicity is likely to be constrained by both intrinsic and systemic factors, encouraging national elites to focus on strategies and goals that will enhance their power within the system rather than challenging it directly.

Women, work, and family in the Soviet Union

This work reports on the Vietnam war as seen by the GI in the jungles. It discusses current attitudes, views from Saigon, Hanoi and Phnom Penh, and other locales in the countryside.

The New Russia: Troubled Transformation

Introduction (Gail W. Lapidus.) Russias Post-Communist Politics: Revolution or Continuity? (Lilia Shevtsova.) The Russian Economy Since Independence (Richard E. Ericson.) Nationalism, Regionalism, and Federalism: Center-Periphery Relations in Post-Communist Russia (G. W. Lapidus and Edward W. Walker.) From Redistribution to Marketization: Social and Attitudinal Change in Post-Soviet Russia (Victor Zaslavsky.) Russia, the Near Abroad, and the West (Andrei Kortunov.) Demilitarization and Defense Conversion (David Holloway and Michael McFaul.) Aid to Russia: What Difference Can Western Policy Make? (George W. Breslauer.) Where Have All the Flowers Gone? (Alexander Dallin).

Putin's War on Terrorism: Lessons From Chechnya

The events of September 11 precipitated a dramatic reconfiguration of Russian-American relations as well as of the international security environment more broadly. Vladimir Putin was the first foreign leader to reach President Bush by telephone to express his sympathy and support, and, despite considerable ambivalence and misgivings within the Russian military, foreign policy, and security establishments (as well as parts of Russias Moslem religious leadership), he threw his political backing behind the US anti-terrorist campaign. Some have argued that this was a bold—and risky—shift in Russian policy. But President Putins response was not, in fact, quite as radical a departure as some have suggested. Putin was able to treat September 11 as both a vindication of his two-year effort to define international terrorism as a major security threat (and the war in Chechnya as Russias own effort to deal with that threat), and as an opportunity to use the issue of terrorism to reshape US-Russian relations. It strengthened his argument that however considerable Americas economic and political power, only multilateral cooperation, and in particular partnership with Russia, could effectively address the security challenges that threaten the entire civilized world.

The pacification of Ronald Reagan

The administration started out tough but softened as reality intervened. The world and the Soviet Union had begun changing long before 1980.

The structural context of Soviet ethno-nationalism

The Soviet Union today is experiencing a severe crisis, a crisis that involves not only its political and economic institutions but that calls into question the very definition of the country itself. The Soviet articles in this collection make an extremely useful contribution to our understanding of this crisis; if they are somewhat less persuasive in their proposals for addressing it, the reasons are altogether understandable in view of the scale and complexity of the problems involved.

Transforming the ‘National Question’: New Approaches to Nationalism, Federalism and Sovereignty

The demise of Marxism—Leninism during the last years of the USSR was dramatically manifested in the transformation of Soviet approaches to the ‘national question’. Marxist—Leninist theory, and Soviet ideology, had long treated national identities and loyalties as a relic of the past which would be eradicated under socialism, and viewed the ‘federal compromise’ which had created the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as a transitional arrangement pending the ultimate fusion of the varied nations and peoples of the USSR in a new socialist community. The accession of Mikhail Gorbachev to the Soviet leadership, and the inauguration of an increasingly far-reaching programme of reforms, radically altered the entire political discourse surrounding issues of national identity, nationalism and federalism, as well as the relative power of central and republic elites. Gorbachev’s reforms not only brought the ‘national question’ to the top of the political agenda; they altered the very premises of the discussion.

Nations and Politics in the Soviet Successor States.@@@From Union to Commonwealth: Nationalism and Separatism in the Soviet Republics.

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