Garima Singh

Thrombocytosis in gynecological cancers

Thrombocytosis has been suggested to be a poor prognostic indicator in malignancies. Studies have shown that thrombocytosis is associated with a poor prognosis in various gynecological malignancies such as carcinoma ovary, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of thrombocytosis on the prognosis of gynecological cancer. All the relevant data were retrieved by PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science, and then studies were chosen in this analysis of association between thrombocytosis and gynecological malignancy. Thrombocytosis is common in advanced disease in patients with ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer. Therefore, it may be a marker of tumor burden or biologically more aggressive disease. Thrombocytosis is bad prognostic factor and associated with poorer outcomes.

Isolated Clavicular Metastasis in a Patient with Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial adenocarcinoma metastasizing to bones is rare, and isolated metastasis to clavicle is even more uncommon. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma found to have isolated metastasis to the clavicle during adjuvant radiotherapy. Following radiation therapy to the clavicle, patient was started on injection zoledronic acid. She was then planned for chemotherapy comprising of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin for six cycles. Due to lack of compliance, 5months after the initial diagnosis, she developed severe dyspnea due to disease progression and expired. We hereby discuss the treatment options as well as review the literature of prior published reports on endometrial adenocarcinoma with bone metastasis.

Reply to comment on: Orbital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with frontal and ethmoid sinus involvement: A case report and brief review of literature

Sir, We thank for your interest in the case report on “Orbital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) with frontal and ethmoid sinus involvement in an Indian patient.”[1,2] It is obvious that due to low immunity, patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are more vulnerable to various types of tumors in comparison to the immunocompetent individuals. Among these tumors, DFSP has been reported in HIV‐positive patients.[3]

Orbital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with frontal and ethmoid sinus involvement: A case report and brief review of literature

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a soft tissue sarcoma that is dermal in origin. The incidence is <0.1% of all malignancies and 1% of soft tissue sarcoma. Most commonly, it involves trunk (62%) followed by extremities (25%) and head and neck (13%). It is a slow growing tumor with locally aggressive behavior. Here, a 50-year-old female diagnosed with orbital dermatofibrosarcoma developed extra-axial component in right frontal region even on chemotherapy. Hence, the bad prognostic factors are yet to be established in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of breast presenting with metastasis: An atypical presentation with dismal prognosis

Leiomyosarcoma is an extremely uncommon subtype of breast sarcoma, with <50 cases reported in the English literature till date. Patients usually present at an early stage and follow an indolent course. We reported an unusual case of leiomyosarcoma of breast in a post -menopausal female,presented with right side breast lump and pain right side hip. Histomorphological evaluation and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. The patient received palliative radiotherapy 20 Gy in 5 fractions to right iliac bone and was started on chemotherapy comprising of docetaxel and epirubicin. Leiomyosarcoma of breast is known to have local recurrence and hematogenous metastasis, usually 10–15 years after the primary diagnosis. Aggressive behavior of leiomyosarcomas in the form of such a rapidly growing, fungating mass of 15 cm in greatest dimension with hematogenous metastasis at the time of initial presentation, as seen in our case, is extremely unusual.

Carcinosarcoma of the Breast: A retrospective observational study

Background: Carcinosarcoma of the breast is an extremely rare breast condition, accounting for 0.1% of all breast malignancies. Limited data are available in English literature on this issue due to paucity of cases. Hence, we retrieved data of carcinosarcoma of breast for evaluation of clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome of this emerging issue. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2015 in our Department of Radiotherapy. A total of four patients were identified during this period for analysis in this study. Various parameters such as age, clinical features, clinical stage, and the treatment received by the patients were recorded and analyzed for outcome. Results and Discussion: Median age at the time of presentation was 42 years (range 28–46 years). Seventy five percent females were post-menopausal. The most common symptom was slowly growing lump in the breast. All of the patients, except one, were negative for oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) receptors. All patients underwent surgery followed by adjuvant therapy,except one. Median follow-up was 23 months (range 2–66 months). Conclusion: Carcinosarcoma of the breast is a rare entity with poor outcome. There are no specific treatment guidelines. Surgery is the main treatment modality, and it should be followed by adjuvant chemo and radiotherapy.

Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) or sarcomatoid carcinoma of the tongue is rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma with incidence of <1%. It is characterised by proliferation of epithelial and mesenchymal components. It is important to diagnose this variant of SCC, because of its tendency to recur and early metastasis.

Periampullary Carcinoma with Skull Metastasis: A rare case report

Periampullary cancer consist of pancreatic cancer, carcinoma of ampulla of vater, distal common bile duct and duodenum. With the use of multimodality treatment, the prognosis of periampullary carcinoma has been improved. Skull (calvarium) metastasis is uncommon presentation. Only few cases of periampullary carcinoma with skull metastasis are available in English literature. Although rare, metastatic periampullary adenocarcinoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with abnormal scalp swelling and tenderness. We reported a case of 48 year old female who presented with lytic expansile bony lesion with associated soft tissue mass in left parietal region with no neurological defecit 18 months after the whipples procedure.

Seroepidemiology of Human Papilloma Virus and HPV Vaccination in Cervical Cancer-Era of New Hope: A brief review of article

Most of the cervical cancer are caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), but risk associated with the various HPV types has not been adequately assessed. We searched literature from Pubmed, Embase and Medline with terms human papilloma virus, HPV, Cervical cancer, CIN and compiled data on seroepidemiological correlation of HPV in carcinoma cervix. There are 200 types of HPV viruses diagnosed by DNA sequencing. They are widely distributed through-out animal kingdom. It associates with various type of cervical lesion ranging from benign to malignant. The most common types observed among invasive cervical cancer cases were HPV 16 and HPV 18. This information is essential for planning prevention by HPV vaccines and for screening programs based on HPV testing.