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Dive into the research topics where Gaye Ellis is active.

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Featured researches published by Gaye Ellis.


BMJ | 2003

Effectiveness of anticholinergic drugs compared with placebo in the treatment of overactive bladder: systematic review

Peter Herbison; Jean Hay-Smith; Gaye Ellis; Kate H. Moore

Abstract Objective: To determine the effectiveness of anticholinergic drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. Design: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources: Published papers and abstracts. Study selection: Randomised controlled trials with anticholinergic drug treatment in one arm and placebo in another. Data extraction: Primary outcomes of interest were patient perceived cure or improvement in symptoms, differences in number of incontinent episodes and number of voids in 24 hours, and side effects. Secondary outcomes of interest were urodynamic measures of bladder function (volume at first contraction, maximum cystometric capacity, and residual volume) and adverse events. Data synthesis: 32 trials were included, totalling 6800 participants. Most trials were described as double blind but were variable in other aspects of quality. At the end of treatment, cure or improvement (relative risk 1.41, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 1.54), differences in incontinent episodes in 24 hours (estimated mean difference 0.6, 0.4 to 0.8), number of voids in 24 hours (0.6, 0.4 to 0.8), maximum cystometric capacity (54 ml, 43 ml to 66 ml), and volume at first contraction (52 ml, 37 ml to 67 ml), were significantly in favour of anticholinergics (P<0.0001 for all). Anticholinergics were associated with significantly higher residual volumes (4 ml, 1 ml to 7 ml; P=0.02) and an increased rate of dry mouth (relative risk 2.56, 2.24 to 2.92; P<0.0001). Sensitivity analysis, although affected by small numbers of studies, showed little likelihood of an effect of age, sex, diagnosis, or choice of drug. Conclusions: Although statistically significant, the differences between anticholinergic drugs and placebo were small, apart from the increased rate of dry mouth in patients receiving active treatment. For many of the outcomes studied, the observed difference between anticholinergics and placebo may be of questionable clinical significance. None of these studies provided data on long term outcome. What is already known on this topic Anticholinergics are the first line medical treatment for overactive bladder The effectiveness of these drugs is unclear What this study adds Anticholinergics produce significant improvements in overactive bladder symptoms compared with placebo The benefits are, however, of limited clinical significance


Clinical Journal of The American Society of Nephrology | 2008

Lithium-induced Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus: Renal Effects of Amiloride

Jennifer J. Bedford; Susan Weggery; Gaye Ellis; Fiona J. McDonald; Peter R. Joyce; John P. Leader; Robert J. Walker

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Polyuria, polydipsia, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus have been associated with use of psychotropic medications, especially lithium. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The impact of psychotropic medications on urinary concentrating ability and urinary aquaporin 2 (AQP2) excretion was investigated after overnight fluid deprivation, and over 6 h after 40 microg of desmopressin (dDAVP), in patients on lithium (n = 45), compared with those on alternate psychotropic medications (n = 42). RESULTS Those not on lithium demonstrated normal urinary concentrating ability (958 +/- 51 mOsm/kg) and increased urinary excretion of AQP2 (98 +/- 21 fmol/micromol creatinine) and cAMP (410 +/- 15 pmol/micromol creatinine). Participants taking lithium were divided into tertiles according to urinary concentrating ability: normal, >750 mOsm/kg; partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), 750 to 300 mOsm/kg; full NDI, <300 mOsm/kg. Urinary AQP2 concentrations were 70.9 +/- 13.6 fmol/micromol creatinine (normal), 76.5 +/- 10.4 fmol/micromol creatinine (partial NDI), and 27.3 fmol/micromol creatinine (full NDI). Impaired urinary concentrating ability and reduced urinary AQP2, cAMP excretion correlated with duration of lithium therapy. Other psychotropic agents did not impair urinary concentrating ability. Eleven patients on lithium were enrolled in a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial investigating the actions of amiloride (10 mg daily for 6 wk) on dDAVP-stimulated urinary concentrating ability and AQP2 excretion. Amiloride increased maximal urinary osmolality and AQP2 excretion. CONCLUSIONS By inference, amiloride-induced reduction of lithium uptake in the principal cells of the collecting duct improves responsiveness to AVP-stimulated translocation of AQP2 to the apical membrane of the principal cells.


British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | 2006

Laparoscopic colposuspension and tension-free vaginal tape: a systematic review.

Nicola Dean; Peter Herbison; Gaye Ellis; Don Wilson

Background  Advances in surgical techniques have led to the availability of a number of minimal‐access procedures to treat urodynamic stress incontinence (USI). These procedures have been individually compared with the ‘gold standard’ open Burch colposuspension; however, it now seems appropriate to compare like with like and compare these minimal‐access techniques with each other.


Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology | 2004

Voiding function after tension‐free vaginal tape: A longitudinal study

Hans Peter Dietz; Gaye Ellis; P. D. Wilson; Peter Herbison

Background:  The tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) has become popular for the surgical treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence. It seems to function via an intermittent obstructive effect that is easily demonstrated on imaging, although there is no agreement regarding its effect on voiding.


British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology | 2009

Research priorities in urinary incontinence: results from citizens’ juries

Peter Herbison; Jean Hay-Smith; Helen Paterson; Gaye Ellis; Don Wilson

Objective  The objective of this study was to elicit research ideas, priorities and outcome measures from women who suffer from urinary incontinence.


Physiological Reports | 2014

Effects of chronic lithium administration on renal acid excretion in humans and rats

I. David Weiner; John P. Leader; Jennifer J. Bedford; Jill W. Verlander; Gaye Ellis; Priyakshi Kalita; Frederiek E. Vos; Sylvia A. de Jong; Robert J. Walker

Lithium therapys most common side effects affecting the kidney are nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) and chronic kidney disease. Lithium may also induce a distal renal tubular acidosis. This study investigated the effect of chronic lithium exposure on renal acid–base homeostasis, with emphasis on ammonia and citrate excretion. We compared 11 individuals on long‐term lithium therapy with six healthy individuals. Under basal conditions, lithium‐treated individuals excreted significantly more urinary ammonia than did control subjects. Following an acute acid load, urinary ammonia excretion increased approximately twofold above basal rates in both lithium‐treated and control humans. There were no significant differences between lithium‐treated and control subjects in urinary pH or urinary citrate excretion. To elucidate possible mechanisms, rats were randomized to diets containing lithium or regular diet for 6 months. Similar to humans, basal ammonia excretion was significantly higher in lithium‐treated rats; in addition, urinary citrate excretion was also significantly greater. There were no differences in urinary pH. Expression of the critical ammonia transporter, Rhesus C Glycoprotein (Rhcg), was substantially greater in lithium‐treated rats than in control rats. We conclude that chronic lithium exposure increases renal ammonia excretion through mechanisms independent of urinary pH and likely to involve increased collecting duct ammonia secretion via the ammonia transporter, Rhcg.


Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2006

Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults.

Ghulam Nabi; June D Cody; Gaye Ellis; Jean Hay‐Smith; G. Peter Herbison


Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2012

Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults.

Priya Madhuvrata; June D Cody; Gaye Ellis; G. Peter Herbison; E. Jean C. Hay-Smith


Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | 2017

Laparoscopic colposuspension for urinary incontinence in women

Nicola Dean; Gaye Ellis; G. Peter Herbison; Don Wilson; Atefeh Mashayekhi


Kidney International | 2005

Lithium-induced reduction in urinary concentrating ability and urinary aquaporin 2 (AQP2) excretion in healthy volunteers

Robert J. Walker; Susan Weggery; Jennifer J. Bedford; Fiona J. McDonald; Gaye Ellis; John P. Leader

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