Gemma Cànoves

Farm tourism, gender and the environment in Spain.

This study analyzes the changing role of women in the new economic activity of farm tourism in two distinct areas of Spain: Catalonia and Galicia. One of the most evident effects of economic restructuring processes in rural areas is the need to create in situ employment alternatives to agriculture. Farm tourism is a valuable alternative for women which both allows the combination of domestic responsibilities with tourism work and represents an income source that supports continued small-scale farming and conservation of the countryside environment. Womens perceptions of the built and natural environments are changing in response to these activities.

Farm women, gender relations and household strategies on the coast of Galicia

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present an empirical analysis of the survival strategies of family farms in Galicia within the framework of restructuring theory, integrating into it the gender perspective. Our top priority is to discuss the role of women farmers within the context of the household survival strategies that are being put into effect in Galicia during the process of restructuring the Spanish economy. In order to grasp womens role in this process at the household level we could not rely on statistical data, but had to gather data through fieldwork. To obtain broadly representative information we conducted a survey of a sample of households, and to explore issues that are hard to quantify we completed a series of in-depth interviews. This paper has five major sections. The first one focuses on the general economic context of the study region—Galicia—while the second refers to our previous statistical work on the subject and points to the need for fieldwork. The third section is devoted to the methodology of the fieldwork, the questionnaire and the sample, as well as the in-depth interviews. The following section draws on the survey data as well as the in-depth interviews, and deals with the results in relation to topics such as womens reproductive and productive work, the gender division of labour and other aspects of womens work and life. In the final section, we present some conclusions on gender roles and relations in the farm households of Galicia within the context of a changing and uncertain economic environment.

Religious tourism and sacred places in Spain: old practices, new forms of tourism

Heritage, images, shrines, beliefs and devotions are related to culture, identity, religious feeling and faith, but also to the consumption of a tourism product. Religious tourism is an important type of cultural tourism that is now firmly established within the range of tourism products available in Spain. The article aims to demonstrate that religious tourism and cultural tourism form a joint trend that is an expression of the commercialisation of culture or, more exactly, of religion and popular devotion. Based on this hypothesis, the authors examine the cases of Montserrat monastery, the Road to Santiago and Holy Week in Granada that have in common a link between religious heritage and tourism. They emerge as examples of cultural and religious expression that have become multi-motivated tourism products, albeit with a significant religious base.

TURISMO RURAL EN CATALUÑA: CONDICIONANTES DE LA OFERTA Y LA DEMANDA

Este articulo recoge parte de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo por los autores dentro de los proyectos: «Desarrollo turistico rural y revalorizacion sociocultural y mediambiental en Cataluna, Galicia y Baleares» DGES (2000-2003) y «El turisme rural a Catalunya: una aposta mediambiental i de qualitat». Fundacio Abertis (2004). (http://seneca.uab.es/ter). Una version reducida de las investigaciones se presento en el IX Coloquio de Geografia del Turismo, Ocio y Recreacion, Zaragoza, 2004

El turismo chino en Barcelona. Elementos clave de un fenómeno reciente

Au cours des dernieres annees, le tourisme chinois a ete introduit en Europe. Le tourisme chinois se distingue par sa croissance soutenue, la capacite de depenses de ses touristes, son interet pour le patrimoine culturel et la visite de destinations etablies. Bien qu’il constitue une sorte de tourisme minoritaire en nombre, les institutions de gestion du tourisme de la ville de Barcelone et du journalisme se sont deja fait l’echo de l’importance du tourisme chinois dans cette ville. Pour ces raisons, a partir des donnees extraites dans notre recherche, consistant en l’etude de l’offre des tour-operateurs et l’analyse de la blogosphere chinoise, nous nous donnons comme objectif de comprendre le tourisme chinois et la maniere dont Barcelone est percue en tant que destination.

Barcelona, a Leader Destination in Cruise-passenger Tourism: Keys, Impacts and Facts

Abstract The aim of this research is to estimate the economic and social impacts of cruise tourism. For it, the work paper explores the boom in cruise-passenger tourism in the city of Barcelona in recent decades. After many years as a marginal source of tourism activity, cruise ships have become one of the symbols of the city’s tourism development, especially since the 1992 Olympic Games. The cooperation between public and private institutions has been a key factor. The study reported here included a survey made to local residents in order to estimate the social and economic impact of cruise ship tourism. Therefore, this article examines the combination of appropriate collaboration between public and private institutions, the appropriate promotional efforts of the Barcelona Tourism consortium, and the ongoing investments made in recent years to improve the city’s urban and cruise-port infrastructure. These were the fundamental elements in the spectacular surge in this type of tourism, which has positioned Barcelona as a world leader in this sector. Finally, the study shows how residents also reported the positive impact of cruisers and their passengers, wich is very important for drafting the strategic direction for cruise tourism development already under way in Barcelona.

Co-authorship Networks and Thematic Development in Chinese Outbound Tourism Research

ABSTRACT Owing to the increasing number of contributions, related topics that were addressed, and contributing authors, Chinese outbound tourism was established as a research field in the mid-2000s. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature in the field via analysis of collaboration patterns and thematic development using a bibliometric approach. One-hundred and twenty-one academic articles published between 2006 and 2016 are retrieved from 16 tourism journals, and a relational analysis is performed by creating co-authorship and co-keyword networks. The results offer networks of collaborations between authors, institutions and the geographical origins of the research. This network analysis permits exploration of linkages among central authors and institutions. In addition, the results identify and discuss six main thematic areas of research. Significant structural characteristics of the research field, implications and unexplored research themes are presented and discussed.

ANÁLISIS DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN GEOGRÁFICA, A NIVEL COMARCAL, DE LOS ALOJAMIENTOS TURÍSTICOS DEL PIRINEO CATALÁN MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE ALGUNOS ÍNDICES DE CONCENTRACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA

En Espana el sector turistico ha desempenado un rol importante, desde la crisis financiera e inmobiliaria de 2008 es uno de los sectores que ha mostrado mejor comportamiento, es por ello que se ha de incidir en mejorar la competitividad turistica de las provincias espanolas y aprovechar asi la contribucion del turismo. Hemos seleccionado para este analisis las provincias del Mediterraneo por ser las que mayor cuota turistica acumulan respecto al conjunto nacional, y por sus caracteristicas comunes en el ambito turistico. La manera de analizar y posteriormente sugerir propuestas para mejorar la competitividad de los destinos turisticos del Mediterraneo, analizar a continuacion las valores de los indicadores que representan la competitividad de los destinos, para luego valorar mediante un panel de expertos la importancia de los factores en cada destino, y finalmente, sugerir actuaciones para aumentar la competitividad. ABSTRACT In Spain tourism sector has had a relevant role since financial and real state crisis in 2008, tourism is one of the few sectors that has helped to economic recovery and it is improving it performance year a year, so tourism competitiveness in the Spanish provinces must be enhanced taking advantage of the tourism good behavior. We have selected the Mediterranean area provinces because of their mayor acummulated tourism share above national, and because of their similar characteristics. The way of improving competitiveness, then to analyze the provinces which have worst performance on the indicators that form the factors, next to asses the factor importance through and expert panel, and finally to recommend actions for improving competitivenessNumerosos estudios han demostrado que las redes sociales influyen en las intenciones de los viajeros de visitar un destino. Sin embargo, la literatura ha prestado poca atencion a la relacion entre el comportamiento de busqueda de informacion y el desarrollo de la fidelidad a los destinos. En este sentido, este estudio analiza este fenomeno, considerando como los turistas no solo comparten su tiempo entre varias fuentes de informacion, sino que estas estan tambien influyendo en el tiempo que los turistas estan compartiendo entre varios destinos, no solo repitiendo la visita a un unico destino, sino tambien haciendose mas fieles a multiples destinos al mismo tiempo (fidelidad horizontal). Sin embargo, este tema no se ha destacado adecuadamente en el contexto turistico. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio es doble: 1) comprender mejor el comportamiento del turista con respecto al uso de las redes sociales, considerando las diferencias por nacionalidades, genero y edad; y 2) explorar la relacion entre el uso de las diferentes fuentes de informacion de los turistas (tradicionales y digitales) y su influencia en la posterior fidelidad (tanto a un solo destino como en la fidelidad horizontal), y considerando tanto la fidelidad conductual como la actitudinal. Estos resultados son utiles para tomar decisiones sobre estrategias de comunicacion digital y la gestion de los programas de fidelizacion por parte de los destinos turisticos. Palabras clave : Fidelidad Horizontal, Marketing Relacional, Fuentes de Informacion, Redes Sociales, Imagen ABSTRACT The visit to a tourist destination is influenced by the tourists use of social media. However, the literature has not focused its efforts on trying to understand the relationship between the use of social media and destinations loyalty. This study analyzes this phenomenon, considering how tourists not only share their time between several sources of information, but these are also influencing the time that the tourists are sharing between several destinations, not only repeating the visit to a single destination, but also becoming more loyal to multiple destinations at the same time (horizontal loyalty). However, this topic has not been adequately highlighted in the tourism context. This study tries to analyze the differences in the use of social media by nationalities, gender, age and income; and to shed light on their relationship with loyalty. These results are useful for making decisions about digital communication strategies and the management of loyalty programs by tourist destinations. Keywords : Horizontal Loyalty, Relationship Marketing, Information Sources, Social Media, ImageActualmente, los destinos de sol y playa afrontan la necesidad de renovacion y, en el Partido de Necochea, Argentina, se elaboro el Plan Estrategico de Turismo Sustentable de Necochea para responder a esta necesidad. La implementacion requiere analizar y evaluar de modo pragmatico y programatico las intervenciones territoriales para alcanzar las estrategias definidas de reposicionamiento. El articulo propone identificar las unidades de gestion del espacio, los modelos de intervencion para un escenario estrategico que contribuya a la gestion sustentable y reorientacion turistica y proporcionar bases para la reestructuracion territorial como eje transversal de politica publica ambiental y turistica. Para ello, respecto de la unidades se delimita el espacio turistico en funcion de las particularidades fisico-espaciales, los recursos turisticos y oportunidades recreativas y las disfuncionalidades o problematicas detectadas. Luego, se definen los contenidos concretos de los tipos de intervencion propuestos que reorienten la renovacion. Y por ultimo, se enuncian las bases para las actuaciones de reestructuracion territorial en funcion de un escenario estrategico. La renovacion ambiental de Necochea debe basarse en estrategias conducentes a la cualificacion del espacio turistico, la diferenciacion basada en la naturaleza, la potenciacion del entorno urbano y la inclusion de lo ambiental en la gestion turistica.

El uso del tiempo en la ciudad. Un enfoque cualitativo y de género.

La realizacion de jornadas dobles o triples, por parte de las mujeres que compaginan trabajo productivo y trabajo reproductivo, genera graves problemas de disponibilidad y gestion del tiempo. El estudio de la oferta horaria y del uso del tiempo por parte de la poblacion en un barrio de Barcelona muestra la existencia de desajustes importantes entre la oferta y la demanda horaria. Los comercios continuan ofreciendo horarios coincidentes con los horarios de trabajo de la mayor parte de la poblacion, restringiendo indirectamente el acceso a ellos. Esta discordancia precisa de una adaptacion, de una actualizacion de la oferta horaria tradicional para hacerla compatible con las nuevas necesidades de la ciudad postindustrial