Geoffrey M. Clarke

Genetics, demography and viability of fragmented populations.

Foreword P. Brussard 1. Introduction: genetics, demography and the conservation of fragmented populations G. Clarke and A. Young Part I. Introductory Concepts: 2. Managing and monitoring genetic erosion W. Sherwin and C. Moritz 3. Inbreeding and outbreeding depression in fragmented populations M. Dudash and C. Fenster 4. Demography and extinction in small populations K. Holsinger 5. The metapopulation paradigm: a fragmented view of conservation biology P. Thrall, J. Burdon and B. Murray 6. Population viability analysis for conservation: the good, the bad and the undescribed M. Burgman and H. Possingham 7. Applications of population genetics and molecular techniques to conservation biology P. Hedrick Part II. Animal Case Studies: 8. Inbreeding in small populations of red-cockaded woodpeckers: insights from a spatially-explicit individual-based model S. Daniels, J. Priddy and J. Walters 9. Genetic erosion in isolated small mammal populations following rain forest fragmentation S. Srikwan and D. Woodruff 10. The Tumut experiment - integrating demographic and genetic studies to unravel fragmentation effects: a case study of the native bush rat D. Lindenmayer and R. Peakall 11. Demographic evidence of inbreeding depression in wild golden lion tamarins J. Dietz, A. Baker and J. Ballou 12. Inferring demography from genetics - a case study of the endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana G. Clarke 13. Genetic population structure in desert bighorn sheep: implications for conservation in Arizona G. Gutierreez-Espelta, S. Kalinowski and P. Hedrick Part III. Plant Case Studies: 14. Limited forest fragmentation improves reproduction in the declining New Zealand mistletoe Peraxilla tetrapetala (Loranthaceae) D. Kelly, J. Ladley, A. Robertson and D. Norton 15. Ecology and genetics of Grevillea (Proteaceae) 16. Genetic and demographic influences on population persistence: gene flow and genetic rescue in Silene alba C. Richards 17. Fragmentation in central American dry forests - genetic impacts on Swietenia humulis (Meliaceae) G. White and D. Boshier 18. Population viability analysis of the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe: importance of genetics, demography and reproductive biology J. Oostermeijer 19. Genetic erosion, restricted mating and reduced viability in fragmented populations of the endangered grassland herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides A. Young, A. Brown, B. Murray, P. Thrall and C. Miller Part IV. Conclusions and Future Directions: 20. What do we know about the genetic and demographic effects of habitat fragmentation and where do we go from here? A. Young and G. Clarke Index.

Ecology and genetics of Grevillea (Proteaceae): implications for conservation of fragmented populations

Predicting the genetic and evolutionary consequences of disturbances such as population fragmentation requires an understanding of pollinator activities within and among population fragments and of the complex interactions of pollen transfer with plant breeding systems. We have been studying these issues using a set ofGrevillea species which are visited by a wide range of potential pollinators including the introduced honeybee Apis mellifera. This series of case studies reveals the following points. There are striking differences between the levels of self-compatibility (estimated from handpollination experiments) and realised mating systems (based on genetic analyses), even within species. For a self-compatible species (Grevillea macleayana), the realised mating system varies among populations from random mating to almost complete selfing. In outcrossing species (e.g. C. mucronulata, C. sphacelata), allozyme analyses suggest that outcrossing must have been almost exclusively restricted to pollen exchange with immediate neighbours. Patterns of pollinator visitation can explain some of this variation. Apis mellifera acts as a pollen thief in G. macleayana, reducing the level of seed set to below that observed following autogamy (all pollinators excluded). Patterns of genetic subdivision do not always match predictions based on estimates of current mating systems. In C. macleayana, genetic variation [determined using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers] was partitioned within and among populations of established plants as expected for a highly outcrossed species, despite the fact that realised mating systems appear to be predominantly selfing. In contrast, for G. caleyi plants (which are in an environment recently fragmented by urban subdivision), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers revealed substantial genetic subdivision among population fragments. The combination of mate choice and a diverse seed bank may buffer Cambridge Books Online

Genetics, Demography and Viability of Fragmented Populations: Introductory concepts

Foreword P. Brussard 1. Introduction: genetics, demography and the conservation of fragmented populations G. Clarke and A. Young Part I. Introductory Concepts: 2. Managing and monitoring genetic erosion W. Sherwin and C. Moritz 3. Inbreeding and outbreeding depression in fragmented populations M. Dudash and C. Fenster 4. Demography and extinction in small populations K. Holsinger 5. The metapopulation paradigm: a fragmented view of conservation biology P. Thrall, J. Burdon and B. Murray 6. Population viability analysis for conservation: the good, the bad and the undescribed M. Burgman and H. Possingham 7. Applications of population genetics and molecular techniques to conservation biology P. Hedrick Part II. Animal Case Studies: 8. Inbreeding in small populations of red-cockaded woodpeckers: insights from a spatially-explicit individual-based model S. Daniels, J. Priddy and J. Walters 9. Genetic erosion in isolated small mammal populations following rain forest fragmentation S. Srikwan and D. Woodruff 10. The Tumut experiment - integrating demographic and genetic studies to unravel fragmentation effects: a case study of the native bush rat D. Lindenmayer and R. Peakall 11. Demographic evidence of inbreeding depression in wild golden lion tamarins J. Dietz, A. Baker and J. Ballou 12. Inferring demography from genetics - a case study of the endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana G. Clarke 13. Genetic population structure in desert bighorn sheep: implications for conservation in Arizona G. Gutierreez-Espelta, S. Kalinowski and P. Hedrick Part III. Plant Case Studies: 14. Limited forest fragmentation improves reproduction in the declining New Zealand mistletoe Peraxilla tetrapetala (Loranthaceae) D. Kelly, J. Ladley, A. Robertson and D. Norton 15. Ecology and genetics of Grevillea (Proteaceae) 16. Genetic and demographic influences on population persistence: gene flow and genetic rescue in Silene alba C. Richards 17. Fragmentation in central American dry forests - genetic impacts on Swietenia humulis (Meliaceae) G. White and D. Boshier 18. Population viability analysis of the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe: importance of genetics, demography and reproductive biology J. Oostermeijer 19. Genetic erosion, restricted mating and reduced viability in fragmented populations of the endangered grassland herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides A. Young, A. Brown, B. Murray, P. Thrall and C. Miller Part IV. Conclusions and Future Directions: 20. What do we know about the genetic and demographic effects of habitat fragmentation and where do we go from here? A. Young and G. Clarke Index.

Genetics, Demography and Viability of Fragmented Populations: Frontmatter

Foreword P. Brussard 1. Introduction: genetics, demography and the conservation of fragmented populations G. Clarke and A. Young Part I. Introductory Concepts: 2. Managing and monitoring genetic erosion W. Sherwin and C. Moritz 3. Inbreeding and outbreeding depression in fragmented populations M. Dudash and C. Fenster 4. Demography and extinction in small populations K. Holsinger 5. The metapopulation paradigm: a fragmented view of conservation biology P. Thrall, J. Burdon and B. Murray 6. Population viability analysis for conservation: the good, the bad and the undescribed M. Burgman and H. Possingham 7. Applications of population genetics and molecular techniques to conservation biology P. Hedrick Part II. Animal Case Studies: 8. Inbreeding in small populations of red-cockaded woodpeckers: insights from a spatially-explicit individual-based model S. Daniels, J. Priddy and J. Walters 9. Genetic erosion in isolated small mammal populations following rain forest fragmentation S. Srikwan and D. Woodruff 10. The Tumut experiment - integrating demographic and genetic studies to unravel fragmentation effects: a case study of the native bush rat D. Lindenmayer and R. Peakall 11. Demographic evidence of inbreeding depression in wild golden lion tamarins J. Dietz, A. Baker and J. Ballou 12. Inferring demography from genetics - a case study of the endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana G. Clarke 13. Genetic population structure in desert bighorn sheep: implications for conservation in Arizona G. Gutierreez-Espelta, S. Kalinowski and P. Hedrick Part III. Plant Case Studies: 14. Limited forest fragmentation improves reproduction in the declining New Zealand mistletoe Peraxilla tetrapetala (Loranthaceae) D. Kelly, J. Ladley, A. Robertson and D. Norton 15. Ecology and genetics of Grevillea (Proteaceae) 16. Genetic and demographic influences on population persistence: gene flow and genetic rescue in Silene alba C. Richards 17. Fragmentation in central American dry forests - genetic impacts on Swietenia humulis (Meliaceae) G. White and D. Boshier 18. Population viability analysis of the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe: importance of genetics, demography and reproductive biology J. Oostermeijer 19. Genetic erosion, restricted mating and reduced viability in fragmented populations of the endangered grassland herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides A. Young, A. Brown, B. Murray, P. Thrall and C. Miller Part IV. Conclusions and Future Directions: 20. What do we know about the genetic and demographic effects of habitat fragmentation and where do we go from here? A. Young and G. Clarke Index.

Genetics, Demography and Viability of Fragmented Populations: List of contributors

Foreword P. Brussard 1. Introduction: genetics, demography and the conservation of fragmented populations G. Clarke and A. Young Part I. Introductory Concepts: 2. Managing and monitoring genetic erosion W. Sherwin and C. Moritz 3. Inbreeding and outbreeding depression in fragmented populations M. Dudash and C. Fenster 4. Demography and extinction in small populations K. Holsinger 5. The metapopulation paradigm: a fragmented view of conservation biology P. Thrall, J. Burdon and B. Murray 6. Population viability analysis for conservation: the good, the bad and the undescribed M. Burgman and H. Possingham 7. Applications of population genetics and molecular techniques to conservation biology P. Hedrick Part II. Animal Case Studies: 8. Inbreeding in small populations of red-cockaded woodpeckers: insights from a spatially-explicit individual-based model S. Daniels, J. Priddy and J. Walters 9. Genetic erosion in isolated small mammal populations following rain forest fragmentation S. Srikwan and D. Woodruff 10. The Tumut experiment - integrating demographic and genetic studies to unravel fragmentation effects: a case study of the native bush rat D. Lindenmayer and R. Peakall 11. Demographic evidence of inbreeding depression in wild golden lion tamarins J. Dietz, A. Baker and J. Ballou 12. Inferring demography from genetics - a case study of the endangered golden sun moth, Synemon plana G. Clarke 13. Genetic population structure in desert bighorn sheep: implications for conservation in Arizona G. Gutierreez-Espelta, S. Kalinowski and P. Hedrick Part III. Plant Case Studies: 14. Limited forest fragmentation improves reproduction in the declining New Zealand mistletoe Peraxilla tetrapetala (Loranthaceae) D. Kelly, J. Ladley, A. Robertson and D. Norton 15. Ecology and genetics of Grevillea (Proteaceae) 16. Genetic and demographic influences on population persistence: gene flow and genetic rescue in Silene alba C. Richards 17. Fragmentation in central American dry forests - genetic impacts on Swietenia humulis (Meliaceae) G. White and D. Boshier 18. Population viability analysis of the rare Gentiana pneumonanthe: importance of genetics, demography and reproductive biology J. Oostermeijer 19. Genetic erosion, restricted mating and reduced viability in fragmented populations of the endangered grassland herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides A. Young, A. Brown, B. Murray, P. Thrall and C. Miller Part IV. Conclusions and Future Directions: 20. What do we know about the genetic and demographic effects of habitat fragmentation and where do we go from here? A. Young and G. Clarke Index.