George S. Richardson

Common Epithelial Cancer of the Ovary

Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy It is widely recognized that there is a group of patients for whom no treatment is indicated beyond total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.28,...

The development of malignancy in endometriosis.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALIGNANCY IN ENDOMETRIOSIS ROBERT SCULLY;GEORGE RICHARDSON;JOHN BARLOW; Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

KLE: a cell line with defective estrogen receptor derived from undifferentiated endometrial cancer.

KLE is a cell line derived from a poorly differentiated endometrial carcinoma that is aneuploid with chromosome numbers ranging from 51 to 66 and 6-8 marker chromosomes demonstrated by G banding. Tumors harvested from five of five nude mice bearing an inoculum for more than a month resemble the original specimen, and electron microscopy shows microvilli, many junctional processes, glycogenation, and a prominent nucleolonema. The cell cytosol contains a specific binder for estradiol, but there is no estrogen receptor in the nucleus and in a study reported elsewhere (Raam et al., Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2, 277 (1982) ) translocation to the nucleus fails to occur. The enzyme phenotype of this cell is human, non-HeLa.

Variations in the levels of secretory component in human uterine fluid during the menstrual cycle.

To determine whether variations in the level of secretory component (SC) occur during the menstrual cycle, we compared the amounts of SC in human uterine secretions during the proliferative, secretory, and menstrual phases. Uterine washes were obtained from women (ages: 18-49) with histologically normal endometria by lavage with Gravlee jet wash device using isotonic glycine. SC was measured by a radioimmunoassay which recognizes primarily free SC. Levels of uterine luminal SC, when expressed as the percentage of total wash protein, were highest during the secretory phase, significantly reduced during the proliferative phase and lowest during menstruation. The mean protein concentration in uterine fluids did not vary significantly during the menstrual cycle. Total amounts of SC were also greatest during the secretory phase, averaging two times higher than SC levels in proliferative samples. These results demonstrate that fluctuations do occur in the SC content of human uterine secretions during the menstrual cycle and suggest that hormones play an important role in the secretory immune system of the human uterus.

Specificity of medroxyprogesterone acetate binding in human endometrium: interaction with testosterone and progesterone binding sites.

Abstract Human endometrial cytosol contains high affinity, low capacity binder(s) for testosterone as well as for progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The equilibrium constant of dissociation is the same for all three compounds. In a series of individual samples the concentration of binding sites for [ 3 H]-MPA did not exhibit the cyclic variations of the progesterone binder and was consistently more than 3× higher. The latter observation was confirmed when [ 3 H]-progesterone and [ 3 H]-MPA binding were directly compared using several different pools of endometrial cytosol. Competition studies employing cytosol pools demonstrated that, unlike [ 3 H]-progesterone, [ 3 H]-MPA is displaced from its binding sites by an excess of unlabeled testosterone. Furthermore, [ 3 H]-MPA and [ 3 H]-testosterone binding were demonstrable in a cytosol pool that contained no detectable binder for [ 3 H]-progesterone. It was concluded that while testosterone and progesterone each interact chiefly with their specific binders, MPA has broader specificity and interacts with binders for both of the other steroids. Unless this property of dual binding is recognized and measured, values for “progesterone-specific” binding sites determined using MPA as the test progestin will be greatly overestimated.

A Method for Producing Chronic Cardiac Failure in Dogs.

Summary A form of progressive, chronic, “right-sided” cardiac failure has been produced in dogs by tricuspid valve avulsion and pulmonary artery stenosis. Three dogs so treated developed congestive failure with elevated auricular pressure and distended veins, decreased work tolerance, hepatomegaly, ascites, tachycardia at rest, and a relatively fixed heart rate during exercise. Studies of 2 of the hearts in the heart-lung preparation indicate clearly that cardiac insufficiency was present.

Endometrial cancer as an estrogen-progesterone target.

ESTROGEN and progesterone have long stood as the sole controlling agents in the growth of the endometrium, and both agents have long been available for therapeutic purposes in the form of chemicall...

Estradiol Stimulation of Glycine Incorporation by Human Endometrium in Tissue Culture

The incorporation of C14-labeled glycine into human endometrium grown in tissue culture is accelerated by the addition of estradiol-17β to the culture medium under certain experimental conditions. This effect is accompanied by an increased rate of disappearance of the glycine from the medium, and its demonstration is dependent upon the age of the culture and the frequency with which the medium is renewed.

Hormonal Receptors in Endometrial and Ovarian Neoplasia

Estrogen stimulates proliferation of the ductal tissue in the breast, of the glands and stroma of the endometrium, and of the granulosa cells in the ovary. Habit has settled oncologists with the idea that estrogen is directly mitogenic; after all, it has been defined from the beginning by bioassays (vaginal exfoliation and uterotropic response) that depend on mitotic activity. Moreover, its action on normal human endometrium is assessed by finding glandular and stromal mitoses [1]. The mitogenic action of estrogen has never been satisfactorily demonstrated in vitro, however, and the possibility exists that its mitogenic action may be indirect [2, 3, 4].

An Attempt at Production of Autoimmunity to Tissue of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Summary and Conclusions Immunization of rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, and mice with antigen in Freunds adjuvant prepared from homologous stomach, small intestine and colon was not found to be pathogenic to the animals as to production of gastrointestinal disease. Supported in part by Grant No. CY-4009 (Med.) of the United States Public Health Service.