George W. Barnard

The treatment of urinary retention by aversive stimulus cessation and assertive training

Abstract A case is reported in which a method for short-term therapy was developed and used in the treatment of psychogenic urinary retention and associated neurotic behavior. The method was based on the assumption that bladder hypofunction was directly related to the patients inability to engage in selfassertive behavior. The treatment program involved, (1) the use of electrical stimulation to bring bladder function under voluntary control, and (2) the provision of a therapeutic relationship in which assertive responses could be instigated and reinforced. Its promise is attested to by the fact that after 4 months this patient, with a history of 15 yr of almost chronic urinary retention, was able to return home as an adequately functioning member of society. An 18-month follow-up indicates no relapse.

The intelligence of rapists: new data.

IQs of violent sexual offenders (rapists) were compared to those of alleged nonviolent sexual offenders, nonsexual violent offenders, and nonsexual nonviolent offenders. Data were gathered from defendants referred to the medical coauthor for pretrial psychiatric evaluation. Rapists scored lower in the IQ test, but this difference did not appear to be significant in the pairwise X2 comparisons. This held true after controlling for the race of the defendant.

Sexual maturity as a criterion for classification of phallometric stimulus slides

With the acceptance of behavior modification techniques in the 1970s as the standard modality of treatment of sex offenders, the ability to diagnose the paraphilic arousal patterns became of primary importance. The use of the penile plethysmograph in the assessment of sex offenders is regarded as the most accurate measure of these sexual arousal patterns. This method measures the vasocongestive engorgement of the penile corporea while the offender is exposed to deviant and nondeviant sexual stimuli. The stimuli may be slides of nude males and females of varying ages, audiotaped descriptions of erotic scenarios or videotaped scenes of sexual interaction. Researchers who have used slides to determine the age and gender preference of the sex offenders have typically categorized the slides in arbitrarily established age categories that have varied from one research study to another. The use of age as a criterion does not take into account the variation in growth and maturation among children and adolescents. To increase reliability and standardization of research techniques, the authors propose that the stages of sexual maturity as set forth by Tanner (1962, 1978) be used in lieu of age.

Violence and Sexuality Three Types of Defendants

This article is an empirical profile of defendants charged with acts of violence alone, such as assault; violence and sexuality, such as rape; and purely sexual, such as exposure. The three groups are compared along four types of variables: background, medical and mental health history, psychiatric, and some derived from the circumstance of the criminal event.

Psychosocial effects of jejunoileal bypass for obesity: Six-month follow-up

Abstract The authors present the six-month results of a planned five-year follow-up study of 68 patients who underwent jejunoileal bypass for obesity. Eating behaviors changed remarkably, in the direction of conventional eating patterns. Patients generally became more active physically and socially and less embarrassed and socially avoidant. Nearly half showed changes–some better, some worse–in mental status. These changes were not related primarily to operative results, but to a complex set of interpersonal and situational factors.