Georges Leonetti
Aix-Marseille University
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Publication
Featured researches published by Georges Leonetti.
Obesity | 2008
Alina Silaghi; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Michel Grino; Georges Leonetti; Marie Christine Alessi; Karine Clément; Frédéric Dadoun; Anne Dutour
Epicardial fat is a relatively neglected component of the heart and could be an important risk factor of cardiac disease. The objective of our study was to assess the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) extent, fat distribution, and coronaropathy in a group of adult victims of accidental or suspicious sudden death. In 56 cadavers, we performed 34 measurements of EAT from five computerized photographs of the heart (anterior and posterior faces, and three ventricle transversal slices) and analyzed their relationship with anthropometric markers of adiposity (BMI, waist and leg circumference, thickness of abdominal and thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)), with the presence and staging of coronary artery disease (CAD), and with markers of myocardial hypertrophy. Simple linear regressions showed that EAT measurements are highly intercorrelated (r from 0.4 to 0.6, P < 0.001), and correlate with age, waist circumference, and heart weight, and to a lesser extent, with BMI, abdominal SAT thickness, and leg SAT thickness. Multiple regression showed that age, waist circumference, and heart weight significantly and independently correlate with EAT (P < 0.0001). No other anthropometric measurement was found independently correlated with EAT. The EAT/myocardium ratios correlated positively with age and waist circumference. Anterior and posterior areas of EAT were found significantly increased in patients with CAD and correlated positively with CAD staging (P = 0.0034, r = 0.38). Anterior EAT surface was found positively associated with CAD (P = 0.01), independently of age and other adiposity measurements. Prospective studies are needed to assess the risk of occurrence/progression of CAD that relate to EAT excess.
Forensic Science International | 2003
Bruno Foti; Loı̈c Lalys; Pascal Adalian; Jean Giustiniani; Marta Maczel; Michel Signoli; Olivier Dutour; Georges Leonetti
The present study proposes equations for age determination both in living and dead children, obtained with the help of stepwise ascending multiple linear regression. The equations should be applied, based on the number of erupted teeth and tooth germs, which were detected on radiographs, during clinical examination and in infant skeletal remains. The proposed equations proved to be efficient just like Demirjians method used as a reference today, and permit age estimation till 20 years of age.
Forensic Science International | 2001
Bruno Foti; Pascal Adalian; Michel Signoli; Yann Ardagna; Olivier Dutour; Georges Leonetti
This study shows that epithelial attachment level, used as age determination criterion in Lamendins method, is not reliable for adults of either sex above the age of 49 years with periodontal diseases in any quadrant. The underestimation of calculated age increases from 7 to 19 years with chronological age. On the other hand, the present paper confirms the pertinence of dentin translucency as an age indicator in Lamendins method.
Forensic Science International | 2008
Anne Dorandeu; Béma Coulibaly; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Christophe Bartoli; Jean Gaudart; Eric Baccino; Georges Leonetti
Determination of age at the time of death based on the observation of cranial sutures has led to numerous studies with sometimes contradictory results. The initial hypothesis being that suture closure is part of an age-related physiological process, the conflicting results have been interpreted by various authors as secondary to the choice of sutures, under the co-existing influence of pathological factors or genetic factors, or even independent of age. Despite these differences, macroscopic methods remain much used in anthropology and in forensic medicine. In our work, we evaluated the value of the degree of closure of the frontosphenoidal suture in estimating age at death of mature subjects, with the secondary objective of establishing a linear regression which could be used in routine practice. The study concerned bone specimens from individuals whose age, sex and medical history were known. Macroscopic observation was carried out on the ectocranial and endocranial sides according to four stages of closure previously defined. 290 sutures were taken from a population of whom two-thirds were men. The method can be repeated and reproduced and the regression established shows the confidence range for average error to be +/-1.5 years. While this result is of interest in terms of precision in prediction for a group of people, the prediction range is too great (+/-23 years) to be applicable to a single individual as part of a forensic procedure.
Journal of Forensic Sciences | 2011
Delphine Tardivo; Julien Sastre; Michel Ruquet; Lionel Thollon; Pascal Adalian; Georges Leonetti; Bruno Foti
Abstract: Canines are usually used in anthropological and forensic sciences for sex and age determination. The best methods to estimate age are based on secondary dentine apposition, evaluated from periapical X‐rays. The aim of this study was to propose a new method of sex and age estimation using 3D models to obtain more precise predictions using tooth volumes. Fifty‐eight dental CT scans of patients aged 14–74 with a well‐balanced sex ratio composed the sample. One hundred and thirty‐three healthy canines were modeled (Mimics 12.0). The sample was divided into a training sample and a validation sample. An age formula was determined using the “pulp volume/tooth volume” ratio. Sex prediction was adjusted with total volumes. Applying the equations to the validation sample, no significant difference was found between the real and predicted ages, and 100% of the sex predictions were correct. This preliminary study gives interesting results, and this method is worth being tested on a larger data sample.
Journal De Radiologie | 2011
Marianne Jolibert; F. Cohen; Christophe Bartoli; Catherine Boval; V. Vidal; Jean-Yves Gaubert; G. Moulin; Philippe Petit; Jean-Michel Bartoli; Georges Leonetti; G. Gorincour
Nous rapportons un cas d’angioscanner post-mortem corps entier realise par ponctionarterielle femorale sous controle echographique, chez un patient de 24ans, victime d’unaccident de moto, decede a l’arrivee du Samu. Le scanner a ete demande dans un cadremedicolegal suite a l’examen externe par les medecins legistes qui retrouvaient essen-tiellement des contusions de la face et du thorax. Des prelevements sanguins et d’urines,notamment toxicologiques, ont ete realises avant la procedure.L’acquisition a ete realisee 20h apres le constat du deces sur un scanner 64coupesdouble source (Siemens Medical System, Erlangen, Allemagne) avec un protocolecomportant une premiere acquisition sans injection corps entier. Initialement, l’arterefemorale droite a ete ponctionnee sous controle echographique a l’aide d’un catheter18gauge—30mm, puis catheterisee a l’aide d’un guide hydrophile 0,035’’ (Terumo). Uneinjectiontestaeterealiseegrâceaunintroducteuravalve6Fmettantenevidenceunedis-section de l’artere iliaque externe et une extravasation de produit de contraste. L’arterefemorale gauche a donc secondairement ete ponctionnee, toujours sous guidage echogra-phique, et catheterisee par un kit de microponction (Skater Introducer, Angiotech), dontle guide, qui presente une extremite plus souple, a sans doute permis un catheterisme
Journal of Forensic Sciences | 2006
Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Claude Louis-Borrione; Christophe Bartoli; Alain Sanvoisin; Michel Panuel; Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot; Georges Leonetti
ABSTRACT: Infantile malnutrition is often difficult to diagnose as it is rarely observed in industrialized countries. It may be associated with physical violence or occur in isolation. The essential clinical sign is height and weight retardation, but malnutrition also causes a variety of internal and bone lesions, which lead to neuropsychological sequelae and death. We report a rare case of death by malnutrition in a female child aged 6½ months. The infant presented height and weight growth retardation and internal lesions related to prolonged protein–energy malnutrition (fat and muscle wasting, thymic atrophy, liver steatosis) resulting in a picture of marasmus or kwashiorkor. We detail the positive and negative criteria that established the diagnosis of abuse, whereas the parents had claimed a simple dietary error.
Journal of Forensic Sciences | 2005
William Devriendt; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Pascal Adalian; Alain Sanvoisin; Olivier Dutour; Georges Leonetti
The use of pathological conditions in age and sex determination, important factors in personal identification, is not widespread in anthropology and legal medicine. Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a bone condition that mainly affects the inner table of the frontal bone. Although there are numerous publications on the subject, at the present time its etiology remains obscure. Several associations of symptoms, whose incidence varies according to the population studied, have been described. Age and gender appear to be linked with the preponderance of this condition, as does the presence of behavioral disturbances. The aim of our study, based on a series of 1532 autopsies, was to define the incidence and the associations observed with other pathological conditions. Thirteen cases of HFI were identified (0.8% of autopsies), 12 women and one man whose mean age was 59.15 years (range: 42-79 years). All had behavioral disturbances and most were under psychiatric care. This study emphasizes the value of this condition in medico-legal identification.
Journal of Forensic Sciences | 2006
Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Christophe Bartoli; Erika Kuhlmann; Philippe-Emmanuel Coiffait; Alain Sanvoisin; Dominique Giocanti; Georges Leonetti
ABSTRACT: Because psychostimulants have serious possible side effects and particular potential for abuse, their therapeutic indications are today exclusively limited to disorders such as obesity, narcolepsy, or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. We report two cases of abusive prescription of these drugs. The first concerns a woman who was treated for a 3 kg weight gain with fenproporex for 5 years and presented a withdrawal syndrome when this drug was no longer marketed in France. In the second case, a woman who complained of atypical sleep problems was prescribed modafinil, methylphenidate, clobazam, lormetazepam, meprobamate, and aceprometazine, and was found dead in her home a few weeks later in unexplained circumstances. For these two patients, neither the indications, nor the contraindications, nor the prescribing rules for these restricted drugs had been complied with. This case report highlights the extreme danger of these substances and stresses the importance of adhering to the rules of prescription.
International Journal of Legal Medicine | 2013
Anissa Hamel; Maxime Llari; Marie-Dominique Piercecchi-Marti; Pascal Adalian; Georges Leonetti; Lionel Thollon
In a forensic investigation, there is considerable difficulty in distinguishing between different mechanisms that could explain the head injury sustained. The key question is often whether the injury was the consequence of a fall, a blow, or a fall caused by a blow. Better understanding of the parameters influencing the mechanism of skull fracture could be of use when attempting to distinguish between different causes of injury. Numerous parameters concerning fall conditions and biological variability are reported in the literature to influence the mechanism of skull fracture. At the current time, there are no studies that investigate both the effect of a fall and biological parameters. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of these parameters on the mechanism of skull fracture using a numerical approach. We focused on accidental falls from a standing height. A multibody model was used to estimate head impact velocities and a finite element model was used to investigate the effect of the fall conditions and of biological variability on skull fracture. The results show that the mechanism of skull fractures is influenced by a combination of at least four parameters: impact velocity, impact surface, cortical thickness and cortical density.