Geraldo Bosco Lindoso Couto

Anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects on mice of flavonoids, linalool, and α-tocopherol presents in the extract of leaves of Cissus sicyoides L. (Vitaceae).

The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects of a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the aerial parts of Cissus sicyoides L. (CS) (Vitaceae) on male and female mice using several behavioral assays. Groups of males and females treated via intraperitoneal (IP) with doses of 300, 600, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract showed significant action in the elevated plus-maze (EPM), time spent in the open arms, and number of entries in the open arms. The board-hole test also showed a significant increase in the time spent in head-dipping and in marble-burying test of the number of marbles buried. The same treatment increased the duration of sleeping time induced by sodium pentobarbital and also showed a significant increase in protection against pentylenotetrazole-induced convulsions. These results indicate an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant-like action from C. sicyoides L. extract on mice, probably due to the action of flavonoid(s), Linalool, and α-tocopherol present in the C. sicyoides leaves.

Eating disorders in adolescents and their repercussions in oral health.

OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of oral alterations related to eating disorders and associated factors. METHOD A cross-sectional study including 650 adolescents aged from 12 to 16 was carried out through self-report questionnaires (EAT-26; BITE and self-rating hamilton depression questionnaire, SRHDQ) and dental examination. RESULTS Significant associations were observed in mucositis, cheilitis, hypertrophy of salivary glands, and dental erosions. The prevalence of adolescents at risk for eating disorders was of 33.1%, according to EAT-26 and 1.7% (high scores) and 36.5% (medium scores), in BITE, higher among 13-year-old females, with brothers, parents or responsible person who are illiterate, being the youngest child, living in a residence of at most two rooms and who showed depressive symptoms. All these factors showed significant relation to eating disorders. DISCUSSION Presence of oral alterations is associated to symptoms of eating disorders, helping precocious detection of sub clinical cases.

Central Antinociceptive Effects of Cissus sicyoides. on Mice

Abstract The acute and chronic treatment of mice with a hydroalcohol extract from the leaves of Cissus sicyoides. L. (Vitaceae) (CS) at doses of 300, 600, and 1000 mg/kg, by intraperitoneal administration, produced a significant central antinociceptive effect on the hot plate, tail immersion, and acetic acid–induced writhing, tests, and the effect was inhibited by naloxone. CS was given to mice daily for 30 days at a dose of 600 mg/kg, causing an effect similar to that of drugs with typical action on opioid receptors. The effective dose (ED50) was approximately 600 mg/kg in mice.

Parâmetros bioquímicos e microbiológicos e suas relações com a experiência de cárie em adolescentes sadios

OBJECTIVES: to establish a relationship between dental caries with the degree of Streptococcus mutans present in the salivary flow and saliva buffer ability in 111 healthy adolescents seen at the Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic of the Hospital das Clinicas de Pernambuco. METHODS: Intraoral examinations were performed and dental records filled to determine DMFS-S (Decayed, missing teeth and filled permanent dental surfaces). Following, saliva was collected to determined salivary flow and buffer ability. Front teeth were scrapped to quantify Streptococcus mutans present in the bacterial plaque. RESULTS: the population assessed had predominantly low caries activities with buffer ability of normal saliva and deficiency of salivary flow. The numbers of S mutans in the bacterial plaque exceeded 105 CFU/mg in the majority of individuals in the population studied. CONCLUSIONS: caries activity was inversely proportional to the buffer capacity and directly proportional to the presence of Streptococus mutans in the bacterial plaque. This low carie activity could be derived from the daily tooth-brushing with fluor dentifrices.

Frequência de comportamentos alimentares inadequados e sua relação com a insatisfação corporal em adolescentes

OBJETIVO: Descrever a relacao entre a frequencia de insatisfacao com a imagem corporal e a presenca de sintomas de transtornos alimentares em adolescentes. METODOS: O estudo foi realizado com uma amostra de 300 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etaria de 10 a 17 anos, estudantes de uma escola publica estadual da cidade do Recife, Brasil. Foram utilizadas as versoes brasileiras para adolescentes de tres escalas autoaplicativas (EAT-26, BITE e BSQ), alem de um questionario contendo dados biodemograficos. RESULTADOS: A frequencia de sintomas de transtornos alimentares detectada pelo EAT-26 foi de 32,3%; 2,3% para comportamentos sugestivos de bulimia nervosa, por meio da escala BITE, tendo 36,67% dos alunos apresentado padrao alimentar nao usual; 5,6% apresentaram insatisfacao com a imagem corporal; 8,6% demonstraram tendencia a preocupacao com a insatisfacao com a imagem corporal e 17,6% apresentaram leve insatisfacao, alem de 66,3%, que mostraram normalidade em relacao a sua forma corporal. CONCLUSAO: Os adolescentes apresentaram niveis de alteracao na autoimagem corporal, com alta frequencia de insatisfacao da imagem corporal, podendo apresentar associacao com comportamentos alimentares inadequados.

Cárie Dentária em Pré-Escolares: um Estudo em Áreas Cobertas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do Recife, PE, Brasil

Dantas Cabral de MELO, Márcia Maria; Vieira de SOUZA, Wayner; Carvalho de LIMA, Maria Luiza; Bosco Lindoso COUTO, Geraldo; Malheiros CHAVES, Thaís Cárie Dentária em Pré-Escolares: um Estudo em Áreas Cobertas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do Recife, PE, Brasil Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada, vol. 10, núm. 3, septiembre-diciembre, 2010, pp. 337-343 Universidade Federal da Paraíba Paraíba, Brasil

Estudo de biocompatibilidade in vivo e in vitro do extrato hidroalcoólico de Cissus sicyoides L. - Vitaceae em ratos

Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform specifictasks when applied to living tissues without causing damage or injuries to it. Thus, this study aimed at determining the in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility of Cissus sicyoides L. - Vitaceae hydroalcoholic extracts. A total of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus Albinus Wistar), with ages ranging from 45 to 90 days and weighing between 170 and 260g were used. The animals were divided into 3 groups (A1, A2 and A3) with 6 animals each, for the in vivo test, which were sacrificed after 2, 4 and 6 days, respectively. For in vitro test, 12 animals were used to obtain the index of adherence and phagocytic ability of macrophages of rats from the control and the experimental groups. In results found for the in vivo test, it was concluded that the extract was biocompatible, whereas no significant changes were observed in the tissue. As to the in vitro test, the extract was not biocompatible, since the pure extract showed a low rate of adherence (7.1) and a high rate of phagocytosis (35.7), indicating a significant difference when compared to the control group. However, when diluted, the extract was shown to be harmless, due to an increase in the values of the adherence index at the following concentrations : 1/10 (61.4) and 1/100 (74.3) in the tests, which showed no significant differences when compared to the control group. After analyzing the data, it was concluded that since the infusion of the plant is a kind of dilution, its use does not cause any harm to the body. A new study is necessary at the moment to possibily demonstrate its effects on the long term.

Effect of a Brazilian regional basic diet on the prevalence of caries in rats

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a regional basic diet (RBD) on the prevalence of caries in the molar teeth of rats of both sexes aged 23 days. The animals were divided into six groups of 10 rats each receiving the following diets for 30 and 60 days after weaning: RBD, a cariogenic diet, and a commercial diet. The prevalence and penetration of caries in the molar teeth of the rats was then analyzed. The RBD produced caries in 37.5% of the teeth of animals fed 30 days, and in 83.4% of animals fed 60 days, while the cariogenic diet produced caries in 72.5% and 77.5% of the teeth of animals fed 30 and 60 days, respectively. Rats fed the RBD for 30 days had caries in the enamel in 38% of their teeth, 48% had superficial dentin caries, and 7.5% moderate dentin caries. The effect of the RBD did not differ significantly from that of the cariogenic diet in terms of the presence of caries in rats fed 60 days. The penetration depth of the caries produced by the RBD was the same as that produced by the cariogenic diet. Our results show that the RBD has the same cariogenic potential as the cariogenic diet. Since the RBD is the only option for the low-income population, there should be a study of how to compensate for the cariogenicity of this diet.

Comparação de métodos de regressão multivariada no estudo de determinantes da cárie dentária em crianças

Objectives: to compare the results of hierarchical and conventional multivariate models in the investigation of determining factors for tooth decay in children. Methods: an analysis was conducted of an investigation of children served by the Family Health Strategy in Recife, Pernambuco, carried out 2006. The dependent variable was the prevalence of tooth decay (ceo-d≥1); The independent variables were ordered in blocks: socio-economic, life/family context, dental health care. Variables statistically associated with ceo-d ≥1 in univariate analyses with a level of significance ofp≤0.20 were included in the multivariate models. In the hierarchical mode, the order of inclusion of variables was guided by a multidimensional conceptual model. Associated variables with a level of significance of p ≤ 0.10 were retained in the final model. In the conventional logistic model, the significant variables from the univariate analyses were simultaneously included and adjusted. Variables associated with ceo-d with p ≤ 0.10 were retained. Results: in the conventional model the factors associated with ceo-d≥1 were high household density, low level of education of caregiver; studying at public school, seeking treatment/emergency services, and eating sweets. In the hierarchical model, the occupation of the father and the level of education of the mother were also retained in the final model. Conclusion: hierarchical analysis enabled the identification of distal determining factors, which influence lower level factors and their influence on the outcome, thereby providing a more contextualized discussion of the issue.