Geraldo Roberto Quintão Lana

Efeito da temperatura ambiente e da restrição alimentar sobre o desempenho e a composição da carcaça de frangos de corte

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of environmental temperature and feeding restriction programs on performance, carcass and noble cuttings yields and fat, water and protein contents of the carcass, and also the liver glycogen content of broiler chickens under different environmental conditions. A completely randomized block experimental design, in a 5 x 2 (feeding program versus sex) factorial arrangement with two replicates within each environmental and 14 birds per experimental plot, was used. At 42 days of age, the temperature and sex negatively affected the intake and weight gain, but the feeding restriction program did not affect them. Temperature, feeding restriction programs and sex did not affect the carcass and noble cutting yields. The feeding restriction programs and the temperature did not affect the carcass fat, water and protein contents. As for sex, the females presented the highest fat contents in the carcass. The glycogen liver contents were negatively affected by the feeding restriction programs and by the sex, however were not affected by the temperature.

Efeito da densidade e de programas de alimentação sobre o desempenho de frangos de corte

O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito da densidade e de programas de alimentacao sobre o desempenho produtivo e o rendimento de carcaca e de cortes nobres em frangos de corte aos 42 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, num esquema fatorial 3x2 (densidades, programas de alimentacao), com quatro repeticoes cada. As densidades foram: 10, 12 e 16 aves/m2. A alimentacao foi constituida de programa 1 (quatro racoes): pre-inicial, inicial, crescimento e final; e programa 2 (cinco racoes): pre-inicial I, pre-inicial II, inicial, crescimento e final. Na fase de 1 a 7 dias houve diferenca significativa (P<0,05) entre densidades para consumo de racao, ganho de peso e conversao alimentar. Para a fase de 15 a 21 e 22 a 28 dias de idade, os melhores resultados de ganho de peso e conversao alimentar foram obtidos na densidade de 16 aves/m2. Nas fases de 8 a 14, 29 a 35 e 36 a 42 dias de idade e no periodo total, nao foram observadas diferencas significativas entre os programas de alimentacao e entre densidades em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. Recomenda-se para frangos de corte, machos, de 1 a 42 dias de idade, a densidade de 16 aves/m2, independentemente do programa de alimentacao.

Determinação da exigência nutricional de treonina para poedeiras leves e semipesadas

An experiment was carried out to determine the nutritional threonine requirement for white-egg and brown-egg laying hens, during a period from 21 to 36 weeks. Five hundred and seventy six laying hens, 288 from white-egg and 288 from brown-egg, were used during four experimental periods of 28 days each. A complete randomized blocks design in a fatorial arangement (level x trademarks), with six replicates (eight birds/replicate), was used. The treatments consisted on a basal diet with 14.2% crude protein supplemented with 0.025, 0.050, 0.075, 0.100, and 0.125% of L-threonine providing a total of 0.510, 0.535, 0.560, 0.585, 0.610, and 0.635% of threonine. The productive performance and internal egg quality were evaluated. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and weight gain were superior for the brown-egg laying hens. Egg production and internal egg quality, feed: gain ratio, body weight gain were not influenced by the used threonine levels. The level of 0,510% of threonine, that correspond to 515 mg/hen·day (0,423% of digestible threonine) and 535 mg/hen·day (0,440% of digestible threonine), was sufficient to meet the performance and to the internal egg quality for the studied characteristics of both white-egg and brown-egg laying hens, respectively.

Exigências de metionina + cistina para frangos de corte machos de 1 a 21 e de 22 a 42 dias de idade, em clima tropical

Two experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional requirements of total methionine + cystine for Ross male broilers from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days old on tropical climate. The following parameters were evaluated: feed intake, weight gain, feed:gain ratio and absolute weights and yields of carcass, noble cuts (chest, thighs and drumsticks) and abdominal fat. The experiment was analyzed as a complete randomized design with six levels of methionine + cystine and four replicates of 12 animals, in a total of 288 birds for each experiment. The diets were formulated to meet the bird nutricional requirements, except for methionine + cystine levels. The diets were supplemented with DL-methionine at levels of 0, 0.08, 0.16, 0.24, 0.32, and 0.40%, resulting in experimental diets with 0.69, 0.77, 0.85, 0.93, 1.01 and 1.09% of methionine + cystine, for the period from 1 to 21 daysold and 0.61, 0.69, 0.77, 0.85, 0.93, and 1.01% of methionine + cystine, for the period from 22 to 42 days old. Quadratic effects of methionine + cystine levels on weight gain and feed:gain ratio, from 1 to 21 days old, and on feed intake, weight gain, feed:gain ratio, absolute weights of carcass and chest and yields of carcass, thighs and drumsticks, from 22 to 42 days old , were observed. According to the performance data, the nutritional requirements of methionine + cystine for male Ross broilers were estimated in 0.96 and 0.89% from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days old, respectively.

Exigências de metionina + cistina para frangos de corte fêmeas de 1 a 21 e de 22 a 42 dias de idade criados em região de clima tropical

Two trials were conducted to determine the requirement of methionine + cistyne for Ross female broilers from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days old on tropical climate region. The following parameters were evaluated: feed intake, weight gain, feed: gain ratio, absolute weights and yields of noble cuts (breast, thighs and drumsticks) and abdominal fat. The experiment was analyzed as a complete randomized design with six levels of methionine + cystineand four replicates of 12 birds per replicate, in a total of 288 birds for each experiment. The diets were formulated to meet the bird nutricional requirements, except for methionine + cystine levels. The diets were supplemented with DL-methionine at levels of 0, 0.08, 0.16, 0.24, 0.32, and 0.40% to contain 0.69, 0.77, 0.85, 0.93, 1.01, and 1.09% of methionine + cystine, for the period from 1 to 21 days and 0.61; 0.69; 0.77; 0.85; 0.93 and 1,01% of methionine + cystine, for the period from 22 to 42 days old. Quadractic effect of levels of methionine + cistyne on weight gain and feed: gain ratio, from 1 to 21 days old, and linear effect on weight gain, feed: gain ratio, absolute weights of abdominal fat, carcass, breast, thighs, and drumsticks and yields of carcass and abdominal fat, from 22 to 42 days old, were observed. According to the performance data, the nutritional requirements of methionine + cystine for female Ross broilers were estimated in 0.96%, for the periods from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days old.

Efeito de programas de restrição alimentar sobre o desempenho produtivo e econômico e a deposição de gordura na carcaça de frangos de corte

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, aos 42 dias de idade, o desempenho produtivo e economico e os rendimentos de carcaca e cortes nobres, em frangos de corte submetidos a diferentes programas de restricao alimentar quantitativa, aplicada em idade precoce. Foi usado delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5x2 (programa de restricao alimentar versus sexo) e cinco repeticoes com 20 aves por unidade experimental. O consumo de racao e ganho de peso foram reduzidos pelos programas de restricao alimentar, porem a conversao alimentar nao foi influenciada. Os rendimentos de carcaca e cortes nobres e os teores de gordura abdominal nao foram influenciados pelos programas de restricao alimentar. Os resultados economicos mostraram que a restricao alimentar e indicada, principalmente, quando os custos das racoes estao elevados e o preco do frango e baixo no mercado produtor.

Utilização da Silagem de Mandioca na Alimentação de Codornas

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o nivel de inclusao de silagem da raiz de mandioca na alimentacao de codornas de corte de 8 a 21 dias. Foram utilizadas 504 codornas europeias com idade inicial de oito dias distribuidas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizados. Os tratamentos consistiram de seis dietas com diferentes niveis de inclusao de silagem de mandioca (0%, 0%MSc, 5%, 10%, 15% e 20%) e 6 repeticoes cada, com 14 aves em cada gaiola. Os parâmetros analisados foram: consumo, ganho de peso e conversao alimentar. Houve efeito linear (P<0,05) para ganho de peso no periodo de 8 a 14 dias e efeito quadratico (P<0,05) para ganho de peso considerando-se o periodo de 8 a 21 dias. Recomenda-se a inclusao de 20% de silagem de mandioca na alimentacao de codornas no periodo de 8 a 21 dias de idade. DOI:10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v12n2p173-176

Efeito da Inclusão do Resíduo de Goiaba sobre o Rendimento de Carcaça de Codornas Japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da inclusao de diferentes niveis de residuo de goiaba sobre o rendimento de carcaca de codornas japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica) abatidas aos 46 dias de idade. Foram utilizadas 140 aves distribuidas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo que os tratamentos consistiram de cinco niveis de inclusao de residuo de goiaba (0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0%) em substituicao ao milho, com quatro repeticoes e sete aves por unidade experimental. Nao foram observadas diferencas significativas (P>0,05) dos niveis de inclusao do residuo de goiaba sobre os pesos absolutos e relativos de carcaca, peito, coxa e sobrecoxa, asas e visceras comestiveis. Quanto ao sexo as femeas obtiveram maiores (P<0,05) pesos absolutos e os machos melhores (P<0,05) pesos relativos das variaveis estudadas. De acordo com os resultados da presente pesquisa, a inclusao do residuo de goiaba em substituicao ao milho ate o nivel de 10,0% nao interferiu nos pesos absolutos e relativos de carcaca, cortes nobres e visceras comestiveis de codornas japonesas. DOI:10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v12n1p46-49