Gerhard Krauss

The Creation of a Second Centre Pompidou in Metz: Social Embedding of a New Regional Cultural Facility and Formation of a Strategic Action Field

Abstract The present article analyses the process of the creation of a second Centre Pompidou outside Paris, based on the hypothesis that the success of the project depends on its social embeddedness. It is argued that a strong indicator of this embeddedness is the emergence of a new strategic action field—crystallizing the meeting and linking of different actors with divergent interests, but shared understandings about the common stakes. The process starts from a coincidence of cultural, political and economic motives that have their origins in related fields. These different interests are promoted by a few key protagonists who negotiate a preliminary, but still fragile social order, mixing idealistic ideas and values with political and economic issues. The analysis reveals that social institutions of French culture exert a strong influence, while internal governance units in Paris retain significant powers of control. Although new network connections seem to form smoothly around the Centre Pompidou-Metz globally in the region, in both the cultural and the economic domain they have developed quite unevenly.

Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Creativity

This chapter provides a theoretically informed discussion of creativity in social capital and elaborates on its role in economic growth and development based on recent theoretical developments in e ...

Introduction: on the relationship between entrepreneurship and creativity

Creativity and entrepreneurship seem to be central concepts for understanding the driving forces in 21stcentury capitalist economies and societies. In the knowledgeintensive domains of the economy, these phenomena are closely intertwined and interdependent, making it sometimes difficult to distinguish clearly between the two. The economic views on the relationship between both phenomena offer one perspective (see the edited volume of Book and Phillips 2013 for another). There are several examples of proof of the increased relevance of creativity in economic development and related government policies. Perhaps the most popular is connected with Florida’s concept of the creative class (Florida 2005a, b), followed by related concepts such as the creative city, creative regions or creative economy, with enormous popularity not so much among researchers (there are in fact some very critical views of Florida’s idea: see Peck 2005 and Krätke 2010), but more particularly among practitioners in the field of local economic development policies, city planning and the like. There is also much empirical evidence of an increasing relevance of entrepreneurship. If, in line with the argumentation of Sternberg and Wennekers (2005), entrepreneurship is understood as a combination of some elements of behavioral entrepreneurship with some aspects of the dynamic perspective of occupational entrepreneurship, then new venture creation is the hallmark of entrepreneurship. In that sense entrepreneurship has become an important field of research that now goes far beyond the traditional focus on the individual entrepreneur and includes contextual impacts of and reasons for entrepreneurial activities and entrepreneurial attitudes. But entrepreneurship has also made enormous gains in the field of public policy. Examples include the attempts of national, regional and local policymakers to support startups with publicly funded infrastructure like business incubators in almost every country worldwide

Baden-Württemberg als Prototyp eines regionalen Innovationssystems: Eine organisationssoziologische Betrachtungsweise

Die Region Baden-Wurttemberg war in der Vergangenheit Gegenstand zahlreicher Studien und wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Die uber mehrere Jahrzehnte anhaltenden wirtschaftlichen Erfolge nach dem Krieg veranlassten eine Reihe von Wissenschaftlern, die Grunde des Erfolgsmodells Baden-Wurttemberg einer genaueren Betrachtung zu unterziehen. In den achtziger Jahren wurde die Region dann durch die Forschungsvorhaben einiger prominenter Wissenschaftler in den Mittelpunkt geruckt. Vor allem die Arbeiten renommierter auslandischer Wissenschaftler stimulierten die Diskussionen uber das badenwurttembergische Wirtschaftsmodell. Es handelte sich insbesondere um Arbeiten zur „flexiblen Spezialisierung“, zu den „industriellen Distrikten“ oder zur „diversifizierten Qualitatsproduktion“ (Sabel et al. 1989; Herrigel 1993; Streeck 1991). Diese Vorhaben stutzten sich zu einem grosen Teil auf Beobachtungen und Analysen von Unternehmen im Grosraum Stuttgart. Die wesentlichen Befunde wurden fur die Region insgesamt verallgemeinert, nicht zuletzt aufgrund der offensichtlichen institutionellen, sozialen, wirtschaftlichen und technologischen Koharenz des regionalen Modells.