Gesilene Mendonça de Oliveira

Detecção de ácido ocadaico em cultivo de mexilhões Perna perna, Angra dos Reis, RJ

Okadaic acid (OA) is a phycotoxin produced by a group of microalgae known as Dino-flagellates. When mussels feed themselves from this micro seaweed the toxin accumulates in their hepatopancreas, triggering the Syndrome or Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) in the human being. The symptoms appear around 30 minutes after the consumption of contaminated mussels and include abdominal nauseas, pains, vomits and diarrhea. When the toxin ingestion happens in amounts lower than 48µg g-1, the above described symptoms do not develop. However, the continued consumption favors the emergence of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract because of the high carcinogenic power of OA. This study aimed to detect and quantify the diarrheic toxin OA in Perna perna mussels collected between May and October 2006. The detection of OA in the mussels was carried out through High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorimetric Detection (HPLC-FD). The chromatographic results indicate the presence of OA toxin in low concentrations in all the mussel samples gathered from May until October 2006. The results suggest the necessity of elaboration and effective application of a hygienic-sanitary mussel control program as well as environment monitoring, with the main aim of enhancing public health safety.

Caracterização química de pescado marinho de baixo valor comercial e desenvolvimento de hambúrguer de peixe

The objective of this work was to perform the chemical characterization of marine bonefish (Albula vulpes) and the development of fish burgers. Three formulations of fish burgers were prepared, containing 5, 8, and 10% cassava starch and functional ingredients (onion, garlic, and ground white pepper). Proximate composition, microbiological and pH analyses of the raw material, and fish burgers were performed, as well as the sensory analyses of the fish burgers. The yield and nutritional value of bonefish was found to be comparable with those of species of commercial value, with high-protein and low-lipid contents. The protein content of the fish burgers varied from 17.52 to 19.40 g 100 g-1 (raw), and from 20.74 to 24.25 g 100 g-1 (grilled); and the lipid contents ranged from 0.20 to 0.73 g 100 g-1 (raw), and from 0.36 to 0.77 g 100 g-1 (grilled). In the sensory tests, the formulations received scores between six and seven on the nine-point hedonic scale. Acceptance indexes were higher than 70% for all the assessed attributes. Therefore, the use of this underutilized species proves to be feasible.

Detecção de ácido ocadaico em mexilhões Perna perna (LINNÈ, 1758) cultivados em fazenda de maricultura na baía de Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ

Este trabalho foi realizado na fazenda de maricultura localizada na enseada de Macieis, baia de Ilha Grande (Angra dos Reis,RJ). No outono de 2004, mexilhoes (Perna perna) foram coletados para detectar a presenca da ficotoxina acido ocadaico (AO).Esta toxina pode ser produzida por algumas especies de dinoflagelados pertencentes aos generos Prorocentrum e Dinophysis.Os mexilhoes, ao se alimentarem destas microalgas, acumulam a toxina, principalmente em sua glândula digestiva(hepatopâncreas), desencadeando no ser humano a sindrome do Envenenamento Diarreico por Moluscos (EDM). A ficotoxinaAO e o principal responsavel pela sindrome EDM, que e caracterizada por nauseas, dores abdominais, vomitos e diarreia, seforem consumidos moluscos contaminados com concentracoes a partir de 48 mg AO.g-1 de hepatopâncreas de molusco.Glândulas digestivas dos mexilhoes coletados foram homogeneizadas para extracao e deteccao de AO. As amostras foramanalisadas por Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Eficiencia com Deteccao Fluorescencia (CLAE-DF). Os resultados cromatograficosindicaram a presenca da toxina AO, em baixa concentracao (~ 2ng AO.g-1 hepatopâncreas de molusco), em apenas uma dasamostras da primeira coleta (marco/2004) e sua ausencia nas coletas posteriores (abril e maio/2004).