Geun-Hyo Kim

Imaging and Analysis of Human Vocal Fold Vibration Using Two-Dimensional (2D) Scanning Videokymography

OBJECTIVE Laryngeal videokymography and high-speed digital kymography are the currently available techniques for studying aperiodic vibration of the vocal folds. However, videokymography has a fundamental limitation that only linear portions of the vocal fold mucosa can be visualized, whereas high-speed digital kymography has the disadvantages of lack of immediate feedback during examination and considerable waiting time before kymographic visualization. We developed a new system, two-dimensional (2D) scanning videokymography, that provides a possible alternative for evaluation of the vibratory pattern of the vocal folds. Herein, we report the application of 2D scanning videokymography for visualization of vocal fold vibration in humans and an analysis of its parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two young healthy volunteers (one man and one woman) took part in this study. The vibratory patterns of their vocal folds were evaluated using 2D scanning videokymography and laryngeal stroboscopy. RESULTS Two-dimensional scanning videokymography provided a high-definition image of the vibratory movements of the vocal folds. In analysis of the images acquired by the device, various parameters including fundamental frequency; ratio of the vibratory phases; phase, amplitude, and glottal area symmetry; and cycle-to-cycle variability were extracted. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that 2D scanning videokymography is a useful and promising tool for visualization of the vibratory movement of the vocal folds. This new technique might improve our understanding of the mechanism of vocal fold vibration and contribute to voice research as well as clinical practice.

Real-time dual visualization of two different modalities for the evaluation of vocal fold vibration - Laryngeal videoendoscopy and 2D scanning videokymography: Preliminary report.

OBJECTIVE Currently, various tools have been introduced for the assessment of vocal fold vibration: laryngeal videolaryngoscopy (LV), videokymography (VKG), high speed videoendoscopy (HSV), digital videokymography (DKG), and 2D scanning videokymography (2D VKG). Among these, the authors have recently designed a dual modality examination system using LV and 2D VKG for more detailed information regarding the vibrations of the vocal folds. The clinical availability of this hybrid system offers medical imaging departments a range of potential advantages in the evaluation of vocal fold vibration. The obvious benefit of simultaneous acquisition is the improved integration of information that allows not only optimal anatomic localization, but also physical movement patterns. Other advantages include the lessened inconvenience to patients due to no longer requiring repeated examinations and shortening the examination time, and increased profitability. The purpose of study was to identify the efficacy of real-time dual examination of two different modalities for the evaluation of vocal fold vibration in human subjects and vocal fold vibration simulator. METHODS One vocally healthy subject and three patients with vocal fold nodules, a vocal cyst, and vocal fold paralysis took part in this study. The vibratory patterns of the vocal folds were visualized using simultaneous real-time examination of two different modalities. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the dual LV and 2D VKG images were performed. RESULTS Real-time dual examination using a two modality system provided high definition images of the vibratory movements of the vocal folds. By assessing the obtained images, we confirmed that the dual modality examination method was useful in the evaluation of pathologic vibratory patterns, even in non-periodic phonation. CONCLUSION The present system might improve the understanding of the processes of vocal fold vibration and make a contribution to pathologic voice research, as well as clinical practice.

Development of a device for real‐time light‐guided vocal fold injection: A preliminary report

Vocal fold injection is a minimally invasive technique for various vocal fold pathologies. The shortcomings of the cricothyroid (CT) membrane approach are mainly related to invisibility of the injection needle. If localization of the needle tip can be improved during vocal fold injection with the CT approach, the current problems of the technique can be overcome. We have conceptualized real‐time light‐guided vocal fold injection that enables simultaneous injection under precise localization. In this study, we developed a device for real‐time light‐guided vocal fold injection and applied it in excised canine larynx.

A Study of Cepstral Peak Prominence Characteristics in ADSV, SpeechTool and Praat

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 켑스트럼 분석을 위해 제공된 세 가지 소프트웨어, ADSV, SpeechTool, Praat을 이용하여 획득된 CPP 측정값을 비교하고 상관관계를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 성문암 환자 65명이 모음 연장발성, 문단 읽기 과업을 수행한 음성샘플에 대하여 켑스트럼 분석, 청지각적 평가를 실시하여 데이터를 수집하였다....

An Analysis of Speech Performance Characteristics of Normal Korean Speakers Using a Motor Speech Profile: A Survey in Busan and Gyeongnam

배경 및 목적: 말수행력에 대한 객관적인 분석과 비교는 정상수준보다 저하된 구강운동기능을 평가하고 이해하는데 중요하다. 현재 객관적인 말수행력 분석 프로그램으로 널리 사용되고 있는 것은 KayPENTAX의 CSL 하위 프로그램인 Motor Speech Profile이다. 프로그램 내에서 제시된 역치값과 기준값은 외국인 화자들을 대상으로 한 결과이기 때문에...

Acoustic Characteristics in Epiglottic Cyst

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyze the acoustic characteristics associated with alternation deformation of the vocal tract due to large epiglottic cyst, and to confirm the relation between the anatomical change and resonant function of the vocal tract. METHODS Eight men with epiglottic cyst were enrolled in this study. The jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonic ratio, and first two formants were analyzed in vowels /a:/, /e:/, /i:/, /o:/, and /u:/. These values were analyzed before and after laryngeal microsurgery. RESULTS The F1 value of /a:/ was significantly raised after surgery. Significant differences of formant frequencies in other vowels, jitter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonic ratio were not presented. CONCLUSION The results of this study could be used to analyze changes in the resonance of vocal tracts due to the epiglottic cysts.

Usefulness of Two-Dimensional Digital Kymography in Patients With Vocal Fold Scarring

OBJECTIVE Although laryngeal videostroboscopy is widely utilized in the analysis of vocal fold vibrations, it is often difficult to identify patterns of vocal fold vibrations in patients with aperiodic voice signals due to failure of synchronization during laryngeal videostroboscopy examination. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the usefulness of simultaneous two-dimensional digital kymography (2D DKG) and traditional DKG for the detection of changes in the pattern of vocal fold vibrations in patients with vocal fold scarring (VFS). METHODS Seven patients with VFS and one normal subject underwent high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV). DKG and 2D DKG evaluations of vocal fold vibrations were performed simultaneously, following which both qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. RESULTS Simultaneous DKG and 2D DKG enabled observation of vibratory patterns as well as amplitude and phase symmetry. DKG revealed and provided temporal information regarding the pattern of vocal fold vibrations at sites of VFS. In contrast, 2D DKG provided real-time information regarding the pattern of vibrations for the whole vocal fold region and regions of increased stiffness, as well as spatial information regarding changes in this pattern. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that 2D DKG enables the assessment of overall vocal fold vibrations, regardless of periodicity, and that simultaneous DKG and 2D DKG can be used to confirm abnormal patterns of vocal fold vibrations in patients with impaired flexibility and elasticity of the vocal folds.

The Effect on Intervention Program and Auditory-Perceptual Discrimination Feature of Postlingual Cochlear Implant Adults about Pathological Voice

In the present study, we investigated ability of recognition of auditory perception with regards to the quality of voice in postlingual CI adults and proposed a training program to improve within subject reliability. A prospective case-control study was conducted in adults with 7 postlingual deaf who received a CI surgery and 10 normal hearing controls. The pre and post test and training program included parameters of consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice(CAPE-V) with pathological voice sample by using Alvin. In results of pre-post test for monitoring improvements of internal reliability for listeners via the training program, there was statistically significant difference in both test and group. There was statistically significant difference in internal reliability between pre-post test in the normal hearing group, the result was no significant in the CI group. The present study found that CI adults showed less ability in awareness of voice quality compared to normal hearing group. Also the training program improved pitch and loudness in CI adults.