Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi

DMF-based ionic liquid promoted efficient cycloaddition of vinylarenes with active alkynes

ABSTRACT N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF)-based ionic liquid is a multipurpose ionic liquid having numerous applications. In the present study it has been shown to be an efficient and recyclable nucleophilic reagent-cum-solvent for the synthesis of a variety of 1,2-disubstituted-3,4-dihydronaphthalenes by cycloaddition of different vinylarenes with electron-deficient alkynes. The present protocol has been demonstrated to be more efficient, green and cost effective as compared with other reported methods. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Ionic Liquid Based Vilsmeier Reagent as an Efficient Reagent for Esterification of Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids

The Vilsmeier reagent is well-known electrophilic reagent for synthetically useful organic transformations. Its ionic liquid version has been prepared from DMF-like ionic liquid. Apart from its other reported applications, presently it has been used as an efficient organo reagent for efficient esterification. Variety of esters has been prepared from versatile carboxylic acids and alcohols under ionic liquid conditions with excellent yields. The present system offers an economically and environmentally better alternative to routine procedures.

Physico-chemical Study of Effluents of Pharmaceutical Industries of Hyderabad Division Sindh Pakistan

The Pakistan Pharmaceutical Industry is one of indispensable industries of this country. This industry manufactures very important life saving as well as life-enhancing medicines. This industry produces a wide variety of chemical products which are consist of antibiotics, analgesics, disinfectants, anesthetics, muscle relaxants, water soluble salts,, anti-clotting agents, cardiovascular medicines and vitamin in different forms like tablets, capsules, ampoules, syrups. This industry plays the role of life saving institute. At the same time this huge industry has been witnessed a source of liquid pollution, if run without treatment plant or proper disposable measures. Present study of effluents of selected Pharmaceutical industries of Hyderabad Division was conducted. Total five industries were brought under study of Hyderabad and Jamshoro site area. Sampling was done on monthly basis during the year 2015. Samples were analyzed for Physico-chemical parameters. The results were compared with National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) for municipal and liquid industrial effluent of Pakistan. The average ranging results of studied parameters were found as pH (4.64 – 7.74), E. C (1072 – 3021 µs/cm), salinity (0.6 – 1.5 ppt), TDS (684.1 – 2126.4 mg/L), Chlorides (86.83 – 1136.122 mg/L), Alkalinity (740.64 – 1491.2 mg/L), Hardness (125 – 346 mg/L), Sodium (30.08 – 69.18 mg/L), Potassium (47.49 – 66.96 mg/L), Calcium (140.06 – 185.4 mg/L), Magnesium (23.022 – 39.574 mg/L), Lead (0.0164 – 0.018 mg/L), Copper (2.328 – 2.984) and Zinc (0.0398 – 0.0448 mg/l). The concentration of pH, TDS, Zn and Pb, except Copper, of industrial effluents was found within permissible limits of NEQS for municipal and liquid industrial effluent of Pakistan.

Impact of Sewage Water on Quality of Fullali Canal Water, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan

Untreated sewage of Hyderabad city is the key source of increasing pollution through discharge of sewage water into Phuleli canal causing contamination and hazards to the health of local people and irrigation system. This canal provides water to a population of more than two million of three major districts in lower Sindh along Akram Wah. Sewage water from Fullali canal was sampled from different station points and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS) residues, chlorides, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and different cations like sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) to observe the effect of municipal discharge upon the quality of water used for irrigation purpose and also for drinking purpose. A significant number of samples showed elevated concentration of salts along the Phuleli canal which reached up to maximum values at three sampling stations. This canal water contaminated with pathogens and harmful toxic chemicals from effluents is hazardous to both the ecosystem and all life forms whose survival depends on it.