Gideon Holan

Premature loss of primary anterior teeth due to trauma – potential short- and long-term sequelae

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) can result in the premature loss of primary anterior teeth due to an immediate avulsion, extraction later after the injury because of poor prognosis or late complications, or early exfoliation. There are a number of potential considerations or sequelae as a result of this premature loss that have been cited in the dental literature, which include esthetics, quality of life, eating, speech development, arch integrity (space loss), development and eruption of the permanent successors, and development of oral habits. This article provides a comprehensive review of the dental literature on the possible consequences of premature loss of maxillary primary incisors following TDI.

Long-term follow up of root canal treated primary molars.

BACKGROUND Root canal treatment (RCT) is commonly performed to preserve primary molars with an infected or necrotic pulp. AIM This study evaluates the long-term effects of RCT in primary molars on the development and eruption of their permanent successors. METHODS This is a retrospective study of treatment of pulpectomised primary molars in a public dental clinic. All teeth were treated by the same operator using the same material (Endoflas F.S.) and the same method. Records of 194 patients with 242 pulpectomised primary molars (124 in 97 boys and 118 in 97 girls) met the inclusion criteria. The childrens age at the time of treatment ranged from 5 to 11 years (mean 6.72). Follow-up time ranged from 6 to 113 months (mean 33.5). RESULTS Eight (3.3%) of the 242 primary molars presented a new radiolucent defect or enlargement of existing periapical radiolucency. Of the 106 molars followed until eruption of the permanent successor, none had radiographic pathological signs. Of 17 permanent teeth evaluated clinically, three were erupted into a rotated alignment, and one premolar presented hypocalcified defect in the enamel. CONCLUSIONS Failure of root canal treatment in primary molars may be evident from development of new radiolucent defects or enlargement of existing defects. No relationship was found between RCT in the primary molars and the appearance of enamel defects or the ectopic eruption of following permanent teeth.

Replantation of avulsed primary incisors: a critical review of a controversial treatment

Compared with the abundant literature on the replantation of avulsed permanent teeth, the literature on replantation of avulsed primary teeth is significantly more limited. A search of PubMed, using the terms: primary teeth, primary incisors, avulsion, exarticulation, replantation and reposition, and search in the reference list of the relevant articles, revealed 16 case reports of replantation of 31 primary incisors in 24 children. This article is a critical review of the arguments against replantation that have been presented in textbooks, review articles, and clinical guidelines.

Bilateral complicated crown fractures secondary to chin injury: a case report

Traumatic injuries to the chin are not uncommon in children. Nevertheless, crown fractures, which are common sequelae to this type of injury, might be overlooked, especially if dental care is not sought immediately after a visit to a non-dental facility. The present case report reviews the delayed diagnosis and treatment outcome of a bilateral posterior complicated crown fracture affecting mandibular second primary molars in a young child. Pharmacologic and orthodontic considerations are also discussed in the paper.