Gigi Karmous-Edwards

Grid networks : enabling grids with advanced communication technology

Editors and Contributors. Contributors. Foreword. Acknowledgments. Introduction: The Grid and Grid Networks. 1. The Grid and Grid Network Services (Joe Mambretti). 2. Grid Network Requirements and Driver Applications. 3. Grid Network Requirements and Architecture (Joe Mambretti and Franco Travostino). 4. Relevant Emerging Network Architecture from Standards Bodies (Franco Travostino). 5. Grid Network Services and Implications for Network Service Design (Joe Mambretti, Bill St. Arnaud, Tom DeFanti, Maxine Brown, and Kees Neggers). 6. Grid Network Services: Building on Multiservice Networks (Joe Mambretti). 7. Grid Network Middleware (Franco Travostino and Doan Hoang). 8. Grid Networks and TCP Services, Protocols, and Technologies (Bartek Wydrowski, Sanjay Hegde, Martin Suchara, Ryan Witt, and Steven Low). 9. Grid Networks and UDP Services, Protocols, and Technologies (Jason Leigh, Eric He, and Robert Grossman). 10. Grid Networks and Layer 3 Services (Joe Mambretti and Franco Travostino). 11. Layer 2 Technologies and Grid Networks (John Strand, Angela Chiu, David Martin, and Franco Travostino). 12. Grid Networks and Layer 1 Services (Gigi Karmous-Edwards, Joe Mambretti, Dimitra Simeonidou, Admela Jukan, Tzvetelina Battestilli, Harry Perros, Yufeng Xin, and John Strand). 13. Network Performance Monitoring, Fault Detection, Recovery, and Restoration (Richard Hughes-Jones, Yufeng Xin, Gigi Karmous-Edwards, John Strand). 14. Grid Network Services Infrastructure (Cees de Laat, Freek Dijkstra, and Joe Mambretti). 15. Emerging Grid Networking Services and Technologies (Joe Mambretti, Roger Helkey, Olivier Jerphagnon, John Bowers, and Franco Travostino). Appendix: Advanced Networking Research Testbeds and Prototype Implementations. Index.

Just-in-time optical burst switching implementation in the ATDnet all-optical networking testbed

We describe: (i) the architecture of an optical burst switched (OBS) demonstration network overlaying the ATDnet transparent all-optical testbed, and (ii) experiments underway in the testbed. The OBS overlay uses a simple hardware-based protocol embedded in OBS network controllers to manage commercial off-the-shelf DWDM switches. Data paths are all-optical and completely transparent, and can carry analog or digital traffic in any format, data rate, and modulation scheme. Experiments with latency- and jitter-sensitive HDTV transmission, petabyte file transfers, and immersive real time visualization of satellite imagery over the OBS network are ongoing. Parallel research on transport protocols, QoS-aware routing protocols, adaptors for an OBS LAN, and network management architecture are applied as completed. This is the first just-in-time (JIT) OBS field trial known to the authors.

Dynamic scheduling of network resources with advance reservations in optical grids

Advance reservation of lightpaths in grid environments is necessary to guarantee QoS and reliability. In this paper, we have evaluated and compared several algorithms for dynamic scheduling of lightpaths using a flexible advance reservation model. The main aim is to find the best scheduling policy for a grid network resource manager that improves network utilization and minimizes blocking. The scheduling of lightpaths involves both routing and wavelength assignment. Our simulation results show that minimum-cost adaptive routing where link costs are determined by the current and future usage of the link provides the minimum blocking. For wavelength assignment, we have used a scheme that reduces fragmentation by minimizing unused gaps. We have also analyzed approaches for failure recovery and resource optimization.

EnLIGHTened Computing: An architecture for co-allocating network, compute, and other grid resources for high-end applications

Many emerging high performance applications require distributed infrastructure that is significantly more powerful and flexible than traditional grids. Such applications require the optimization, close integration, and control of all grid resources, including networks. The EnLIGHTened (ENL) computing project has designed an architectural framework that allows grid applications to dynamically request (in-advance or on-demand) any type of grid resource: computers, storage, instruments, and deterministic, high-bandwidth network paths, including lightpaths. Based on application requirements, the ENL middleware communicates with grid resource managers and, when availability is verified, co-allocates all the necessary resources. ENLpsilas domain network manager controls all network resource allocations to dynamically setup and delete dedicated circuits using generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) control plane signaling. In order to make optimal brokering decisions, the ENL middleware uses near-real-time performance information about grid resources. A prototype of this architectural framework on a national-scale testbed implementation has been used to demonstrate a small number of applications. Based on this, a set of changes for the middleware have been laid out and are being implemented.

Fault management with fast restoration for optical burst switched networks

This paper studies the important fault management issue with focus on the fast restoration mechanisms for optical burst switched (OBS) networks. In order to reduce the burst losses during the restoration process, effective fast restoration schemes are necessary. This is illustrated via two basic fast restoration schemes, the distributed deflection scheme and the local deflection scheme, compared with the slow global routing update mechanism. A novel priority-based QoS restoration scheme is also proposed to provide differentiated restoration services. Through detailed descriptive analysis and a comprehensive simulation study, these fast restoration schemes demonstrate fast restoration process, low fault management overheads, and excellent burst loss performance. As far as we know, this is the first comprehensive study on the restoration mechanisms for OBS networks.

Global e-science collaboration

Americans are addicted to their personal digital assistants (PDAs), and President Barack Obama is no exception. Throughout the primaries and the presidential campaign, Obama was often seen using his BlackBerry. Once he won the election, great debate ensued as to whether he would be allowed to continue using it once in office. Initially, the secret service determined that his BlackBerry did not provide the requisite security required for its continued use. Of special concern was the potential that attackers could gain access to government work. Although Obama persuaded his security staff to let him keep using his BlackBerry (or a BlackBerry-like handheld device), it is not clear how, exactly, the device was modified to ensure extra security.

Today's optical network research infrastructures for E-science applications

Some of todays scientific discoveries (E-science) involving both compute intensive and data intensive applications require collaboration on a global scale and high capacity optical infrastructures. This talk will discuss some of the optical networking challenges.

Edge-Reconfigurable Optical Networks (ERONs): Rationale, Network Design, and Evaluation

To bridge the gap between the current practice of setting up expensive, dedicated, lightpath connections (i.e., static topologies), and the distant future vision of inexpensive access to dynamically switched end-to-end lightpaths, we propose a medium term solution in the form of edge-reconfigurable optical networks (ERONs). An ERON is an overlay-control network created by installing readily available MEMS optical switches, and implementing a GMPLS control plane at sites interconnected by static lightpaths. The switches and control software are deployed at the edge of the network and operated by the organization-user (i.e., outside the network providers control), hence the term ldquoedge-reconfigurablerdquo. By providing dynamic, automated control of end-to-end lightpaths, ERONs enable the sharing of expensive network resources among multiple users and applications that require sporadic access to these resources. We develop an algorithm for creating an ERON from an existing topology of static lightpaths. We also present simulation results that quantify the benefits of ERONs, in terms of the number of lightpaths that are needed when compared to a static configuration of independent and dedicated circuits.

Generic optical network provisioning services to support emerging grid applications

Emerging high-end applications require a rich set of network provisioning services that go beyond the traditional source-destination, end-to-end path service. They also require high-bandwidth and high-quality circuit services that only optical networks could offer. In this paper, we first analyze some representative high-end Grid applications and abstract their needed generic set of network provisioning services. Then we provide some preliminary analysis on the routing, resource allocation, and survivability mechanisms of these generic network services. The focus is on the temporal and spatial extensions over the traditional network service definitions. We also introduce our implementation and experimental activities within the Enlightened Computing project and present ongoing research work.

Edge Reconfigurable Optical Network (ERON): Enabling dynamic sharing of static lightpaths

In this paper, we propose an edge reconfigurable optical network as an intermediate step toward fully dynamic optical core network. ERON is an overlay-control network created by installing GMPLS-enabled MEMs optical switches at the edge of a core optical network composed of static lightpaths. We propose a network design algorithm that takes as input the key resource locations dispersed globally and a realistic traffic matrix from end-users and outputs a virtual topology comprised of the minimum required static lightpaths interconnected via ERON switches. This paper describes the key concepts involved in the design of an efficient ERON network combined with routing and reservation algorithms to assure low blocking probabilities. We also describe the management and control architecture and protocols required to provide end-user/application control of the dynamic lightpaths.