Gil De Sousa

A Scalable Context-Aware Objective Function (SCAOF) of Routing Protocol for Agricultural Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPAL).

In recent years, IoT (Internet of Things) technologies have seen great advances, particularly, the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL), which provides a powerful and flexible routing framework that can be applied in a variety of application scenarios. In this context, as an important role of IoT, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can utilize RPL to design efficient routing protocols for a specific application to increase the ubiquity of networks with resource-constrained WSN nodes that are low-cost and easy to deploy. In this article, our work starts with the description of Agricultural Low-power and Lossy Networks (A-LLNs) complying with the LLN framework, and to clarify the requirements of this application-oriented routing solution. After a brief review of existing optimization techniques for RPL, our contribution is dedicated to a Scalable Context-Aware Objective Function (SCAOF) that can adapt RPL to the environmental monitoring of A-LLNs, through combining energy-aware, reliability-aware, robustness-aware and resource-aware contexts according to the composite routing metrics approach. The correct behavior of this enhanced RPL version (RPAL) was verified by performance evaluations on both simulation and field tests. The obtained experimental results confirm that SCAOF can deliver the desired advantages on network lifetime extension, and high reliability and efficiency in different simulation scenarios and hardware testbeds.

A new management method for wireless sensor networks

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with their constant evolution, need new management methods to be monitored efficiently by taking into account the context and their constraints such as energy consumption, reliability and remote monitoring. WSN has diverse application domains: smart home, smart care, environmental data collection etc. In order to manage a large scale WSN, several Wireless sensor network Management Tools (WMTs) are developed. Some of them use SNMP protocol like because it is impossible to implement the full compliance classical SNMP standard on each wireless sensor node. Therefore, it is important to develop a new WMT with a restricted SNMP standard dedicated to WSN applications. In this paper, we present a new WMT named LiveNCM: LiveNode Non invasive Context-aware, and modular Management tool. LiveNCM is divided into two main parts: one is centralized on the fixed network structure and another one, distributed on each node. Each part introduces the concept of non-invasive context-aware to reduce data exchanges and diagnoses the wireless sensor node state with few messages. Moreover, nodes are based on a configurable modular architecture enables to adapt to an application and to a local node constraints. LiveNCM is implemented on the LiveNode platform to validate the energy consumption and on a UNIX system to validate the adopted SNMP sub-agent. Ultimately, a decreasing data exchange and an improvement in the energy consumption in the entire WSN were observed. An implementation of the proposed management method is presented.