Gilmar da Cunha Sousa

Electromyographic evaluation of upper limb muscles involved in armwrestling sport simulation during dynamic and static conditions

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the electromyographic activity of the Pectoralis Major (PM), Biceps Brachii (BB), Pronator Teres (PT) and Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) muscles involved in simulated armwrestling. METHODS Ten trained volunteers were selected to perform the armwrestling movement, during dynamic tests with 40% and 80% of maximum voluntary load (MVL) and static tests in the initial, intermediary and final positions. Electromyographic and force data were normalized for analyses. RESULTS In dynamic tests with 40% MVL, electric activity of the PT muscle was greater than FCU (p<0.01) and BB (p<0.05) muscles, and with 80% MVL, PM and PT muscles were the most active. In static tests, electric activity increased from the initial to final positions for the PM muscle (p<0.05), while it decreased for the BB and PT muscles (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively). No significant changes were observed for force and no correlation was found with the simultaneous electric activity. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the PM and FCU muscles participate as agonists in the simulated armwrestling whereas the BB and PT muscles seem to perform secondary functions. Electric activity showed to be dependent on the load and on the position of the upper limb, but not on the force produced during the movement.

Análise eletromiográfica de músculos do membro inferior em exercícios proprioceptivos realizados com olhos abertos e fechados

INTRODUCTION: Proprioception is a term used to describe all the neural information originated from the proprioceptors of the joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments and capsules, which is sent via afferent pathways to the central nervous system. EMG is the study of muscle function through the investigation of the electrical signal emanated from the muscle and it is also the study of the motor unit activity. OBJECTIVE: To perform electromyographic analysis of the rectus femoris (RF) and tibialis anterior (TA) in different proprioceptive exercises (disc Freeman and rocker) with eyes open (OE) and closed (CE). METHODS: The analysis was conducted with 10 physically active male subjects, in a collection time of 10 seconds on each device with eyes both open and closed. RESULTS: Thus, according to our findings, significant difference is observed when the proprioceptive exercises are performed with eyes open and closed, obtaining higher muscle activation, according to the electromyographic analysis, in the exercises with eyes closed, highlighting the importance of the visual system and how it interferes in the bodys position when it is subjected to balance changes caused by the studied devices. CONCLUSION: Therefore, it can be concluded that the rectus femoris muscle did not show evident significant differences between the rocker and Freeman disc, as well as when the exercise was performed with eyes open or closed. The significant difference occurred was between the OE and CE Rocker and between Rocker OE and disk Freeman CE. Since the tibialis anterior muscle showed greater differences, especially with eyes closed, regardless of the device, which showed no significant differences between them.

FREQUENT EPISODIC TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE IN STUDENTES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY COURSE

Introduction: Frequent episodic tension-type headache (FETTH), is described as frequent episodes of pain, located on both sides of the head, as a feeling of pressure or tightening, from mild to moderate intensity which may last from 30 minutes to seven days. The pain does not worsen with routine physical effort and may present photophobia or phonophobia. In this case, headache is one of the most common reasons for the complaint of children and adolescents, and it is a major problem among college students because it leads to the loss of study days and a decrease in academic performance. Objective: The aim of the present study was to conduct a survey on the prevalence of FETTH in students of Physiotherapy course of Centro Universitário do Triângulo (Unitri). Method: The research was done with the students registered in Physiotherapy course, in the second half of 2015, from the application of a questionnaire about the International Classification of Headache, according to the diagnostic criteria for FETTH. Result: Among the students, 18 (7.5%) presented FETTH, based on these classification criteria, but it was expected that 50% of the students expose symptoms indicative of TTHEF. Conclusion: It is concluded that FETTH is a type of headache that is not very prevalent in the academic context of the Physiotherapy course of the referred institution.

ASSESSMENT OF DYSFUNCTION TEMPOROMANDIBULAR AND FUNCTIONAL LIMITATION MANDIBULAR IN DENTISTRY ACADEMICS.

Introduction: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a collective term that aggregates all problems related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ), functional mandibular limitation is one of the symptoms of TMD, it is known that the posture influences the onset of TMD, As in the appearance of functional mandibular limitation. Dentists remain in inadequate positions during their workday, thus presenting an important risk factor for the onset of TMD. Objective: To classify temporomandibular dysfunction and mandibular functional limitations in dental undergraduate students of the 8th period of the course at the University Center of Triângulo, Uberlândia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, practical, exploratory epidemiological study with a quantitative approach, using two questionnaires: Mandibular Functional Limitation Index (MFIQ) and Craniomandibular Clinical Dysfunction Index (IDCCM or Helkimo Index). Results: The results of the present study showed a higher prevalence of moderate TMD (70.83%), followed by mild TMD (16.67%) and severe TMD (12.50%), and all participants were classified as having low functional mandibular Degree of severity. Conclusion: The results of this research showed a high prevalence of moderate TMD in dentistry students and that there is no correlation between TMD and Mandibular Functional Limitation. It was observed that many students had pain in the neck and / or shoulder.

ANÁLISE ELETROMIOGRÁFICA DOS MÚSCULOS DO ABDOME EM EXERCÍCIOS ABDOMINAIS COM E SEM UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES APARELHOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Several devices for abdominal exercises are widespread in the market and disclosed in the practice of strength training, however, there are doubts about the effectiveness of these devices in abdominal exercises. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the p u b l i c a t i o n s i n s c i e n t i f i c l i t e r a t u re o n electromyographic activity of the abdominal muscles abdominal exercises with and without the use of different devices. The methodological design of this study was characterized by a systematic review of the literature covering classic textbooks of Human Anatomy and national and international articles on the topic in question. After the analysis of the researched material, it is concluded that the traditional abdominal above exercise is effective on the rectus belly muscle recruitment as a whole and in reducing the activity of the flexor muscles of the thigh and although most abdominal devices do not provide sufficient justification to replace exercise traditional abdominal above, this diversity of equipment can be useful to change a training program.

Estudo eletromiográfico dos músculos deltoide, peitoral maior e tríceps braquial de nadadores durante contrações bilaterais realizadas em exercício multiarticular com cargas variadas

The objective of this study was to compare the electrical activity of the deltoid (middle portion), pectoralis major (clavicular portion) and triceps (long head) muscles during bilateral contraction performed in a multi-articulated joint shoulder-press convergent machine with 40% and 80% maximum voluntary load (MVL) in 11 male swimmers (15 to 23 years, 70 ± 4 kg, 183 ± 6 cm and 10 ± 4 years time practice in sport), trained in resistance exercise. Electromyographic signals (EMG) were obtained by placing surface active differential electrodes (20x gain), composed of two parallel rectangular bars (EMG System, Brazil®). A data acquisition system (EMG-Alc) which provided numerical data in RMS (Root Mean Square) to analyze the signals composed by a reference electrode (ground) and a signal conditioning module (EMG) with simultaneous acquisition of up to 8 differential channels (band-pass filter 5-20 Hz), adjustable amplifier stage, allowing gains between 100 and 4960 times, channel input impedance 10GΩ in differential modules and CMRR of 93 dB/60 Hz was used. Only the concentric phase (3 seconds duration) in each EMG signal collected was recorded. After the tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman and Wilcoxon) were applied, it was concluded that for prescription and periodization of the neuromuscular training, bilateral contractions performed in the shoulder-press apparatus are efficient at aiming muscular recruitment (80%> 40% ) of middle portion of the deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicular portion), and triceps brachii (long head) muscles, evidencing differences between dominant and non-dominant limbs only for the dominant brachial triceps in 80% of MVL in swimmers trained in resistance exercises.

Déficit bilateral em exercício multiarticular para membros superiores

A forca muscular e um componente importante para a atividade fisica e para o desempenho das tarefas da vida diaria. Um fenomeno observado geralmente e que a capacidade de geracao de forca maxima esta comprometida quando os membros homologos se contraem bilateralmente. Esse fenomeno e chamado de deficit bilateral. Assim, objetivou-se comparar a atividade eletrica do musculo deltoide, porcao medial durante contracoes unilaterais e bilaterais em um aparelho multiarticular de desenvolvimento articulado convergente, com 90% da carga voluntaria maxima (CVM), em nove homens com idades entre 20 e 30 anos, estatura 174 ± 5cm e massa corporal 78 ± 15kg. Os sinais mioeletricos foram captados atraves da colocacao de eletrodos ativos de superficie diferenciais da EMG System do Brasil, um eletrodo de referencia (terra) e um modulo condicionador de sinais (eletromiografo), que forneceu dados numericos em RMS (raiz quadrada da media) para analise dos resultados. Cada sinal coletado captou apenas a fase concentrica do movimento e o mesmo teve duracao de tres segundos. Os resultados evidenciaram que durante exercicio bilateral e unilateral com 90% da CVM, a atividade eletrica do membro nao dominante predominou significativamente sobre o dominante (p = 0,018). Quando somados os valores obtidos no trabalho do membro dominante com aqueles obtidos com o membro nao dominante no exercicio bilateral (2.231 ± 504µv) e comparados com os valores obtidos no trabalho unilateral (2.663 ± 701µv), o deficit bilateral foi encontrado (p = 0,018). De acordo com nosso estudo, verificamos que o fenomeno do deficit bilateral se faz presente para o musculo deltoide medio no exercicio multiarticular de desenvolvimento articulado convergente em individuos familiarizados em exercicios resistidos.