Gimeniz Galvão

Spatial analysis of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus among pregnant women

; ;OBJETIVOS: ; ; analizar la distribucion espacial de los casos notificados de gestantes infectadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana e identificar las areas urbanas de mayor vulnerabilidad social para la ocurrencia de la infeccion entre gestantes. ; ; ; ;METODO: ; ; estudio ecologico, desarrollado mediante tecnicas de analisis espacial de datos de area. Se utilizaron datos secundarios del Sistema de Informacion de Notificacion de Enfermedades, del municipio de Recife, Pernambuco. Los datos sobre natalidad fueron obtenidos del Sistema de Informacion sobre Nacidos Vivos y los datos socioeconomicos del Censo Demografico 2010. ; ; ; ;RESULTADOS: ; ; se verifico la presencia de autocorrelacion espacial, siendo el Indice Global de Moran significativo para la distribucion. Se identificaron clusters, considerados areas de alto riesgo, localizados en barrios agrupados, con tasas de infeccion en gestantes igualmente altas entre si. Se distinguio un barrio, situado en el noroeste del municipio, considerado en fase de transicion epidemiologica. ; ; ; ;CONCLUSION: ; ; las precarias condiciones de vida evidenciadas por los indicadores analfabetismo, la ausencia de prenatal y la pobreza, se mostraron relevantes para el riesgo de la transmision vertical del HIV, convergiendo para el agrupamiento de casos entre regiones desfavorecidas. ; ;OBJECTIVES: to analyze the spatial distribution of reported cases of pregnant women infected by the human immunodeficiency virus and to identify the urban areas with greater social vulnerability to the infection among pregnant women. METHOD: ecological study, developed by means of spatial analysis techniques of area data. Secondary data were used from the Brazilian National Disease Notification System for the city of Recife, Pernambuco. Birth data were obtained from the Brazilian Information System on Live Births and socioeconomic data from the 2010 Demographic Census. RESULTS: the presence of spatial self-correlation was verified. Morans Index was significant for the distribution. Clusters were identified, considered as high-risk areas, located in grouped neighborhoods, with equally high infection rates among pregnant women. A neighborhood located in the Northwest of the city was distinguished, considered in an epidemiological transition phase. CONCLUSION: precarious living conditions, as evidenced by the indicators illiteracy, absence of prenatal care and poverty, were relevant for the risk of vertical HIV transmission, converging to the grouping of cases among disadvantaged regions.

Alimentação de crianças nascidas expostas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana

The aim was to characterize feeding aspects of children born exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Cross- sectional study was developed at a referral hospital for infectious diseases in Fortaleza-Ceara, Brazil, between January and June 2010. The sample consisted of 62 mothers who provided information on 64 children born exposed to the virus. In the nursing consultation, the Assessment Scale of Care Skills for Children Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus at Birth and forms for sociodemographic and dietary characterization were used. It was found that 57.8% of children had inappropriate intake of milk, 55.0% had inappropriate complementary feeding, 87.0% of mothers had a high capacity to offer milk powder and, in relation to complementary feeding, the ability ranged from moderate (45.7%) to high (48.5%). Thirteen nursing diagnoses showing feeding problems and deficits in care that require nursing interventions appropriate to the social context of each patient were identified. DESCRIPTORS: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Child. Feeding. Nursing diagnosis.El objetivo fue caracterizar aspectos de la alimentacion de ninos nacidos expuestos al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Estudio transversal realizado en un hospital de referencia para enfermedades infecciosas en Fortaleza-Ceara, entre enero y junio de 2010. La muestra fue de 62 madres que proporcionaron informacion sobre 64 ninos nacidos expuestos al virus. En la consulta de enfermeria fue utilizada la Escala de Evaluacion de Capacidad del Cuidar de Ninos Expuestos al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana, y un formulario de caracterizacion sociodemografica y alimentaria. Se encontro que 57,8% de los ninos tenian ingesta inadecuada de leche, 55,0% tenia alimentacion complementaria inadecuada, 87,0% de las madres tenia alta capacidad de suministro de leche en polvo, y en relacion con la alimentacion complementaria, la capacidad vario de moderado (45,7%) a alta (48,5%). Fueron identificados 13 diagnosticos de enfermeria que mostraron problemas de alimentacion y deficit de atencion que requieren intervenciones de enfermeria apropiadas para el contexto social de cada paciente.

Comunicación no-verbal durante cuidados prestados a los hijos por madres con Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana

Purpose: To examine the non-verbal communication during child care by mothers with the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Methods: This study was conducted in the second semester of 2007 in an experimental setting with 5 HIV positive mothers. Data were collected through videotaping during child care such as bathing, clothes changes, feeding, playing, and cuddling. Data analysis focused on the aspects of non-verbal communication. Results: Statistical analysis indicated differences between the mother and the child in all aspects of non-verbal communication during child care. Clothes changes and bathing were the most instrumental child care. Nonverbal communication is used by mothers to show affection and to perceive abnormalities. Conclusion: The study’s findings suggest the need to encourage mothers to interact with the child during all aspects of child care to promote normal child development.Purpose: To examine the non-verbal communication during child care by mothers with the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Methods: This study was conducted in the second semester of 2007 in an experimental setting with 5 HIV positive mothers. Data were collected through videotaping during child care such as bathing, clothes changes, feeding, playing, and cuddling. Data analysis focused on the aspects of non-verbal communication. Results: Statistical analysis indicated differences between the mother and the child in all aspects of non-verbal communication during child care. Clothes changes and bathing were the most instrumental child care. Non-verbal communication is used by mothers to show affection and to perceive abnormalities. Conclusion: The study’s findings suggest the need to encourage mothers to interact with the child during all aspects of child care to promote normal child development.