Giselda Alves

Using Remote Lab Networks to Provide Support to Public Secondary School Education Level

The advantages of networking are widely known in many areas (from business to personal ones). One particular area where networks have also proved their benefits is education. Taking the secondary school education level into account, some successful cases can be found in literature. In this paper we describe a particular remote lab network supporting physical experiments accessible to students of institutions geographically separated. The network architecture and application examples of using some of the available remote experiments are illustrated in detail.

Efeito da desfolha causada pela ferrugem na floração e produtividade do pessegueiro

ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of leaf fall on the flowering and yield of “Chimarrita” peach trees,in the region of Curitiba-PR, during two cycles (2004 and 2005). An experiment was carried out to obtain different levels of l eaf fall withfour treatments (control without spraying, spraying from December to January, from December to February and from December toApril), and six replications. The plants were sprayed with mancozeb in intervals of 15 and 10 days in the first and second year,respectively. During all the flowering period, in these two years of the experiment, it was taken notes of the number of open flowersTo assess the yield in the two harvests, the total number of fruit was determined on the plant before and after thinning was and onlyin the second harvest, the number of fruits obtained in 1,2 m of branches per plant. In the second year of the experiment, it wasobserved an autumnal flowering due to the earliness of the epidemic and the disease was stronger, causing the leaf fall, beginning inJanuary, different from the last year, when the leaf fall initiated at the end of February. The data showed that the early leaf falllengthened the flowering period and decreased the plant yield, and in the treatment with the greatest rust control, in the two studiedharvests, the yield was 45% greater than the control.

Comportamento fenológico e produtivo de cultivares de pessegueiro no município da Lapa, Paraná

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a fenologia e a producao de cultivares de pessegueiro, na Lapa, Estado do Parana. Foram avaliadas 11 cultivares, nas safras 2008/2009, 2009/2010 e 2010/2011: Aurora-1, Chimarrita, Chiripa, Coral, Eldorado, BRS Granada, BRS Leonense, Maciel, Marli, Premier e BRS Vanguarda. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com 11 tratamentos (cultivares) e tres repeticoes. Temperaturas mais baixas e chuvas no periodo de floracao atrasaram a colheita em quase um mes, nas cultivares de ciclos mais precoces. A frutificacao efetiva foi, em media, maior e mais constante na cultivar Chimarrita (81%). Houve reducao na eficiencia produtiva de todas as cultivares, a cada safra; maior nas cultivares BRS Leonense e Chiripa (acima de 90%) e menor na Chimarrita (61%). A cultivar Premier apresentou o ciclo mais curto (105 dias), e a Maciel o mais longo (145 dias). As cultivares Chimarrita, BRS Vanguarda, Eldorado, Maciel e Marli sao as mais produtivas. A cultivar Chiripa nao e adaptada a regiao.

First report of Pestalotiopsis diospyri causing canker on persimmon trees

During 2006 to 2009 season symptoms of a canker disease were observed on twigs and branches of young and mature persimmon trees (Diospyros kaki L.) cv. Fuyu in the States of Santa Catarina and Parana in the Southern Brazil. The cankers result in severe damage and reduced production. Isolations from the margins of these cankers revealed a genus of Pestalotiopsis. Kochs postulates were confirmed using two isolates of the pathogen which was identified as Pestalotiopsis diospyri.

FERRUGEM DO PESSEGUEIRO:REAÇÃO DE CULTIVARES EM SISTEMA DE PRODUÇÃO INTEGRADA

RESUMOA ferrugem do pessegueiro, causada pelo fungo Tranzschelia discolor, e a principal doenca foliar da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e comparar a intensidade da ferrugem em onze cultivares de pessegueiro (Aurora 1, Chimarrita, Chiripa, Coral, Eldorado, Granada, Leonense, Maciel, Marli, Premier e Vanguarda) em pomar manejado de acordo com as normas da producao integrada, no municipio da Lapa-PR, no periodo de novembro e abril. O experimento foi composto de tres blocos contendo tres plantas por cultivar em cada bloco. Na planta central de cada cultivar, avaliaram-se a incidencia e a severidade da ferrugem do pessegueiro em folhas de oito ramos mistos previamente marcados, a cada 15 dias. A incidencia da ferrugem nas folhas de todas as cultivares variou de 25,4% (Eldorado) a 82,6% (Chimarrita) na primeira safra e de 15,3% (Eldorado) a 49,3% (Granada) na segunda safra. O modelo logistico foi ajustado aos dados de incidencia ao longo do tempo. Os valores estimados de inoculo inicial e taxa de progresso nao diferiram entre as cultivares. A severidade foi baixa (<1 %), para a maioria das cultivares, nas duas safras, e a area abaixo da curva de progresso da severidade das cultivares Chimarrita e Granada diferenciou-se das demais somente na primeira safra. Nao foi observada desfolha provocada pela doenca. A cultivar Eldorado apresentou menor intensidade da ferrugem, e Chimarrita e Granada maior intensidade dentre as cultivares avaliadas.

Progresso temporal da ferrugem e fungicidas para controle das doenças foliares do pessegueiro

The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of the peach rust in two seasons and, the efficiency of fungicides to control the peach rust and the shot-hole in orchards of the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. The trials were carried out in a commercial orchard and were designed in complete randomized blocks, cv. Chimarrita, with four treatments (mancozeb, thiophanate methyl, chlorothalonil and control-unsprayed) and four replications, in the crop seasons 20004/5 and 2005/06. Each fungicide was sprayed eight times, at 15 to 20 days intervals. The assessment of the epidemic progress and effectiveness of fungicide were performed based on the incidence and severity on leaves and percentage of plants defoliation. The progress rate of the epidemic and the initial inoculum did not differ significantly between years and the logistic model fit to data of both years. All fungicides reduced the defoliation and severity of peach rust, but chlorothalonil was the best and also reduced the incidence in both years. The fungicides mancozeb and thiophanate methyl reduced the shot-hole incidence.

Flowering period and fruit quality of peach trees selections and cultivars in the metropolitan region of Curitiba

1Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Curitiba-PR, E-mail: alves.giselda@gmail.com; jhuliagelain@ hotmail.com ; gloriavidal@gmail.com ; maydemio@ufpr.br ; biasiufpr@gmail.com 2Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina Epagri, Chapecó-SC, Email: cristiano@epagri.sc.gov.br Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the flowering period and the physicochemical characteristics of peaches, aiming to find those most promising for the diversification of the peach crop in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Paraná State. We evaluated 8 selections and three cultivars in Porto Amazonas and 10 cultivars in Araucaria for flowering period, fruit set, diameter and height of fruit, average fruit weight, the skin color, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), ratio SS/ TA, hydrogen potential (pH). The flowering period occurred between late June and late September ranging from 16 to 25 days. The fruit set rate was greater than 50% for ‘Cascata 1513’, ‘Cascata 1429’, ‘Cascata 1577’, ‘Cascata 1743’ and for all cultivars in Araucaria. There were significant differences for the other variables assessed. It was concluded that in Araucária, ‘Charme’ and ‘Chimarrita’ are good planting options, have the same duration of the cycle (111 days), being ‘Charme’ a little later. Besides these, ‘Douradão’ and ‘Rubimel’ have good fruit size, moderate acidity and best SS/TA ratio, being earlier than the previous ones. ‘PS 25399’ is the earliest and showed reddish epidermis and great consumer interest. In Porto Amazonas, selections and cultivars tested produced little fruit of small size, being required more studies to be recommended in these area.

BUD DORMANCY INTENSITY IN PEACH TREE CULTIVARS BY BIOLOGICAL AND TETRAZOLIUM TEST

Temperate climate fruit trees often exhibit uneven budding and flowering, due to the low number of chilling hours that determine the occurrence of dormancy and its depth. The objective of this study was to determine the depth of bud dormancy in peach tree cultivars and evaluate the efficiency of the tetrazolium test for dormancy and comparing with biological test. Branches of the cultivars Aurora 1, Chimarrita, Chiripa, Coral, Eldorado, Granada, Leonense, Maciel, Marli, Premier, and Vanguard were collected between May and August 2008 at two locations: Curitiba and Lapa. The evaluation of dormancy was performed using a biological test of single node cuttings through the parameters: average time for bud burst, velocity of bud burst, final rate of bud burst and rate of vigorous bud burst. For the tetrazolium test, 300 mg of buds was used and the color intensity readings were obtained using a spectrophotometer. The peach tree cultivars evaluated differ in the intensity of dormancy in late fall. The most intense endodormancy cultivars found were: Chiripa, Leonense and Eldorado cultivars, and the weaker cultivars found were: Aurora 1 and Maciel. The tetrazolium test was efficient at estimating the intensity of dormancy in peach trees when the occurrence of cold was suitable for installation endodormancy. At a location with the lowest occurrence of cold (Curitiba), the tetrazolium test did not simulated successfully the biological test results.