Gisele Guiomara Stein

Prevalência dos tipos sangüíneos A, B e AB em gatos domésticos mestiços da cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalencia dos tipos sanguineos em felinos domesticos, mesticos, da cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 100 gatos, clinicamente saudaveis, mesticos e sem parentesco entre si. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas da veia jugular e a tipagem sanguinea foi realizada atraves do teste RapidVet H Feline (DMS Laboratories, Flemington, USA) e do teste hemaglutinacao em tubo de ensaio. A tipagem reversa foi realizada para confirmar o tipo e a presenca de aloanticorpos naturais. No presente estudo encontrou-se prevalencia de 97% e 3% de gatos do tipo A e B, respectivamente. Nao foram encontrados gatos do tipo AB. Os resultados indicam que no sul do Brasil ha uma alta prevalencia de gatos domesticos mesticos do tipo A, entretanto a prevalencia de gatos do tipo B encontrada no trabalho e mais alta do que aquelas relatadas em alguns paises. O conhecimento da prevalencia dos tipos sanguineos da populacao de gatos de uma regiao pode auxiliar na determinacao dos riscos de reacoes transfusionais e de ocorrencia de isoeritrolise neonatal, e estes podem ser prevenidos atraves de tipagem sanguinea e teste de compatibilidade sanguinea.

Titulação de aloanticorpos anti-a e anti-b em gatos domésticos sem raça definida em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

The probability of occurrence of a transfusion reaction in a cat depends on the local prevalence of feline blood typesand alloantibody titres. Determination of alloantibody titres assists in estimating the risk and the severity of transfusionreactions following an unmatched transfusion in a cat population. The objective of this study was to determine alloantibodytitres and the risk of a possible transfusion reaction in non-pedigree domestic cats in Porto Alegre, Brazil. One hundredclinically healthy non-pedigree and non-related cats with no history of previous transfusion were randomly selected.Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and the alloantibody titres were determined by tube serial dilution ofthe serum from cats with known blood types, the estimated risk was calculated according previous studies. In the presentstudy, 82.5% and 100% of types A and B cats, respectively, showed varied alloantibodies titres. Based on the titres foundin the present study, the risk of an acute severe reaction is 33.3% and an acute mild reaction is 66.7% in a type B cattransfused with blood type A or AB. In type A cats transfused with blood type AB or B, the risk of an acute severe reactionis 1.0%, an acute mild reaction is 37.1% and premature red cell destruction is 44.3%.

Parâmetros hematológicos do roedor fossorial Ctenomys lami (Rodentia, Ctenomidae) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul

The hematological profile was determined in three populations of Ctenomys lami that inhabits three different areas nominated as A and B, affected by cattle production, and C, without human impact, all of them in southern Brazil, under the same geologic formation. Sixty two individuals were collected. The packed cell volume (PCV) values, hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count presents statistic significant differences between males and females. PCV and Hb values were lower in comparison with other subterranean rodents, which could be related to the food searching behavior or soil characteristic of the species. Significant statistic differences were found to for Hb, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and lymphocytes between animals belonging to A and C areas. The PCV values were higher for animals from areas A and B, with significance only between A and C. Some of these alterations may suggest a modification on stress levels of the animals inhabiting areas A and B with anthropic alterations, or maybe just an inherited characteristic. Significant statistic differences were found either in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) between A and C areas, and platelets between A and B areas. No Kurloff cells were observed in the blood smear from analyzed individuals. The hematological values founded for Ctenomys lami are an important information for this species, which can be used for future research and management.

Hematologic variation values of captive red-footed tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonaria) in South Brazil

Background: Reference hematological values for chelonians are uncommon, especially those that take account of seasonal variations. While there exists controversy over how climate influences hematological values in different reptile species, the identification of this influence would help with the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases that affect these species, often kept as pets. Chelonians are ectotherms and, therefore, intrinsic and extrinsic factors may affect physiological and hematological values, affecting the interpretation of clinical information on these species. The aims of this study were to assess the hematological values of captive red-footed tortoises (Chelonoidis carbonaria) and to check their variation according to the cold and warmer seasons of the year. Materials, Methods &Results: Blood samples were collected from nine red-footed tortoises (C. carbonaria) of indeterminate sex and different ages, bred in captivity without control over environmental variables during one year, one each season (summer, fall, winter and spring). A total of 36 samples were considered to study. The colder seasons were collapsed together into one group that holds winter and fall (colds) and the months whit warmer weather spring and summer were grouped as a class called (warm). The complete blood count was performed manually, and medians, maximum values, and minimum values were obtained from the animals in each season of the year. The samples were grouped in “cold” and “warm” classes as above. Repeated measures ANOVA were used in order to compare the influence of climate variation on hematologic variables. For this mater Bonferroni’s test was employed as post-hoc analysis. As results, the erythrocytes total count, hemoglobin value, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, absolute numbers of heterophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and total plasma proteins varied significantly (P < 0.05) between colder and warmer seasons. Erythrocyte values yielded significantly higher values in warmer seasons than in the other seasons. The seasonality was verified in erythrocytes total count (P < 0.001), hemoglobin value (P < 0.001), hematocrit values (P < 0.001) and differential white blood cell count (P < 0.001). Discussion: The hematological alterations detected in C. carbonaria were similar observed in similar studies in reptiles species and due to the distinct method and management used and different species, it was not possible to compare the statistical results. In previously studies, as a C. carbonaria, the hematological variations between climatic seasons were identified in other reptile species due particular ectothermic metabolism. The variation in total WBC count produced by seasons of the year had already been described in snakes, such as in South American rattlesnakes and in tropical snakes. Changes in metabolic activity may be influence in TPP values in reptiles when season of the year is included as a variable. In hibernating species, the variation in TPP values is attributed to hibernating behavior when the lower food intake led to a decrease in plasma protein levels. In the case of C. carbonaria, which does not hibernate, other variables could influence the difference between seasons. All hematological changes observed in studied animals confirm the influence of climate between cold and hot months, given the peculiar metabolism of chelonians. The results point out the importance is to consider the seasonal climate variations in the interpretation of hematological values of C. carbonaria under uncontrolled environmental conditions.

Modelo experimental de reconstrução em falha mandibular em coelhos

This paper aims to present a new experimental model of mandibular defect reconstruction in rabbits. It was used 14 animals, in which, in a first stage the left permanent inferior incisive tooth was extracted surgically. After a 50 days period for the bone to fulfill the dentary alveolus, surgery was performed. At first, a 10x5x5mm autograft was removed form the iliac crest, following a partial mandibular failure in the bone with the same auto graft size which was filled with the graft and fixed using titanium microplate. The rabbits were submitted to clinical and radiographic evaluation and 7 of them were euthanasiated at 15 days and the other 7 at 30 days to macro and microscopic analysis. The water and commercial food ingestion was not compromised, and the animals did not showed any chewing or apprehension difficulties, neither pain. Only one animal presented rejection to one screw, without occurring micro plate nor auto graft dislocation. This method showed to be efficient for an experimental model of reconstruction in mandibular defects of rabbits, demonstrating a healing evolution of the graft through radiographic, macroscopic and microscopic exams in 15th and 30th days.