Glafiro Torres Hernández

Hernia de Amyand: Descripción de un caso con diagnóstico preoperatorio

RESUMEN La hernia de Amyand constituye un raro tipo de herniación inguinal en la que su contenido es el apéndice vermiforme, siendo infrecuente encontrarnos con un apéndice inflamado en el interior del saco herniario, y excepcional realizar su diagnóstico preoperatorio, siendo pocos los casos descritos en la literatura. La forma de presentación más frecuente es como una hernia inguinal incarcerada. La sospecha clínica, junto con la realización de pruebas de imagen, fundamentalmente la tomografía computarizada, permitirán una aproximación diagnóstica. El tratamiento depende de los hallazgos intraoperatorios, realizándose apendicectomía transherniotomía o laparotómica, con herniorrafia o hernioplastia inguinales, dependiendo de la presencia de inflamación apendicular o sepsis abdominal. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una hernia de Amyand diagnosticada preoperatoriamente, con apéndice inflamado y retrocecal, sin evidencias de herniación a la exploración, al que se practicó apendicectomía por vía laparotómica con reparación herniaria en un segundo tiempo.

Comparative response of IgA and IgG activity and hematological parameters among four main beef-cattle breeds infected with gastrointestinal nematodes in the warm humid tropic of Mexico

Abstract This study determined the immunoglobulin (A and G) activity against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and also the hematological parameters in four beef-calf breeds naturally infected in a tropical region of Mexico. Thirty-six infected calves were used to determine the fecal nematode egg counts (FEC), the IgA and IgG activity in serum and saliva, the packed cell volume (PCV), the plasmatic protein (PP) and the differential leukocyte counts. These parameters were measured for a five-month period. ELISA assay was performed using adult worm crude antigen (AWCA) from Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Mecistocirrus digitatus and Cooperia punctata. The variables were analyzed using a fixed model according to the breed group. The FEC records (means ± standard deviation) for the different breeds were: Brangus (122±115), Charolais (391±507), Guzerat (294±326) and Brown Swiss (413±395). No statistical differences (P>0.05) were found among breeds. Cooperia and Haemonchus were the main identified genera in the coprocultures. Differences in hematological parameters were observed among breeds (P<0.01); Guzerat showed the highest PCV (42.6±4.7%). The lowest leukocyte counts were observed in the Charolais breed (9.2±2.4 × 109 cells L-1). Differences between Guzerat and Charolais were only detected in eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Increased activity of IgA was observed against M. digitatus (21% OD) compared with the response against C. punctata in serum samples (13% OD). The lowest IgA activity in serum and saliva was found in Guzerat calves. Charolais and Brown Swiss showed the highest IgA activity in serum and the highest value in saliva was found in Brangus.