Grace E. Griffin

Kidney Glutaminase and Carbonic Anhydrase Activities and Renal Electrolyte Excretion in Rats

The plasma electrolyte composition and 24-hour urine electrolyte excretion were determined in fasting normal, K-deficient and protein and K-deficient rats following the administration of equal mola...

Free amino acid patterns of certain tissues from potassium-deficient dogs.

Summary Tracings of the amino acid patterns obtained chromatographically on the tungstic acid acid filtrates of skeletal muscle, left ventricle and kidney from normal and potassium-deficient dogs have been presented. The amino acid patterns of the tissues from control and potassium-deficient dogs were found to be identical, even in the presence of marked changes in the electrolyte compositions of plasma and skeletal muscle. Differences between amino acid patterns of the skeletal muscle from potassium-deficient dogs and of the skeletal muscle from potassium-deficient rats previously reported were pointed out.

Tissue electrolyte content of potassium and protein-deficient rats.

Summary Balances of nitrogen, chloride, sodium and potassium and changes of the electrolyte content of skeletal muscle, kidney, heart muscle and liver were observed in potassium and protein-deficient rats upon supplementing the diet with (1) potassium and protein, (2) potassium, and (3) protein. Principal attention was focused on the findings encountered when the deficient diet was supplemented with protein, since a redistribution of potassium within the body seemed to occur. Realimentation with protein was attended by an unsatisfactory nitrogen retention and a poor growth response. The plasma potassium concentration became reduced, there was a precipitous fall of the skeletal muscle potassium content, and there were reductions of the potassium concentration of the kidneys, heart muscle and liver. The animals continued to be in a negative potassium balance, but the latter was not of a sufficient magnitude to account for the muscle potassium loss. Calculations based on the tissue potassium concentration and changes in tissue weights indicated a small gain of potassium by the kidneys and a significant gain by the liver. In its redistribution within the body, a fraction of potassium theoretically released from skeletal muscle remained unaccounted for. It was concluded that this potassium entered sites other than the kidneys, heart or the liver.

[9] Determination of amino acids as DNP derivatives by automatic partition chromatography

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the automatic partition chromatography method for the determination of amino acids as DNP derivatives. A gradient elution system composed of n -heptane, tert -amyl alcohol, and methylethyl ketene is deaerated, water-saturated, and pumped through a hydrated silica gel column at a uniform flow rate. The effluent is passed through a photometer from which absorbance is continuously measured. By passing a small volume of toluene through the column prior to gradient elution, unreacted dinitrofluorobenzene, dinitrophenol, and dinitroaniline are eluted before the amino acids, thus eliminating the necessity for preliminary extraction of the reaction mixture. Reproducibility and quantitation depend upon the precise control of a variety of factors. These include the uniform preparation of hydrated silica gel columns, use of deaerated water-saturated solvents in a consistent manner, and the stability of the photometric recording system. The chapter focuses on the used reagents, apparatus, column preparation, dinitrophenylation, column operation, and calibration procedures. Continuous counting of radioactive materials from the column effluent is also discussed.

Renal Glutaminase and Carbonic Anhydrase Activities in Potassium-Deficient Rats.∗:

Summary Kidney glutaminase and carbonic anhydrase activities were determined in intact and adrenalectomized rats maintained on normal and potassium-deficient diets, with and without simultaneous administration of DCA. The changes of enzyme activity could not be related to plasma or muscle electrolytes. The activities of the 2 enzymes were found unaltered in adrenalectomized rats. Experimental conditions resulting in increased glutaminase activity in adrenalectomized rats had the same effect to a greater degree in intact rats. Kidney carbonic anhydrase activity failed to increase in adrenalectomized rats under circumstances which in intact rats led to increased activity.

Effect of Sodium, Chloride and Potassium Supplementation, With and Without Diamox, on Muscle Composition and Renal Electrolyte Excretion in Electrolyte-Depleted Rats

Electrolytes were determined on plasma, muscle and urine of Na, K and Cl triple-depleted rats following administration for 5 days of equimolar quantities of various electrolyte solutions (NaCl, NaH...