Grace H. Chung

Effects of Korean Proficiency and Parent - child Cohesion on Self- esteem and Acculturation among Children from Multicultural Families

PURPOSE There is evidence that parent-child cohesion is a potentially influential factor in childrens self-esteem and acculturation. However, no research to date has examined cohesion with parents as a potential pathway between Korean proficiency and self-esteem or acculturation among children from multicultural families. This study was done to address these limitations by examining whether and to what extent cohesion with parents mediated the effect of Korean proficiency on self-esteem and acculturation among children from multicultural families. METHODS Data were collected from a sample of 138 mothers and their children living in Seoul, Daegu, Kyungi province, and Kyungpook province. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between the variables of interest. Mediation effects of cohesion with parents were tested by following the procedure recommended by Baron and Kenny (1986). RESULTS Cohesion with parents partially mediated the relationship between Korean proficiency and self-esteem. For childrens acculturation, the effect of Korean proficiency was partially mediated through father-child cohesion. Mother-child cohesion completely mediated the relationship between Korean proficiency and acculturation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that to help children from multicultural families experiencing difficulties with self-esteem or acculturation, it might be useful to develop programs that are aimed at strengthen cohesion with parents.

Exploratory analysis of verbal aggression in romantic relationships among unmarried men and women: Predictive patterns by gender and race

This is an exploratory study that examined verbal aggression in romantic relationships among unmarried Black and White women and men as a function of gender and race. We employed an ecological approach to examine the receipt of verbal aggression separately for men and women at the levels of individual, relationship, and community. We also explored whether gender-specific correlates of verbal aggression interacted with race. Analyses were based on a sample of 212 women and 133 men in non-marital romantic relationships recruited from 21 U.S. cities for a larger study. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that factors related to experiencing verbal aggression differed substantially for unmarried women and men in romantic relationships. Interesting racial differences also emerged distinctly for women and men.

Enculturation as a Condition Impacting Korean American Physicians' Responses to Korean Immigrant Women Suffering Intimate Partner Violence

We explored how Korean American (KA) physicians in the Los Angeles area respond in their medical practice to Korean immigrant women with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV). Twenty physicians were recruited and interviewed in-depth. Grounded theory analyses revealed that KA physicians’ responses to IPV ranged from denying signs of IPV and trivializing IPV to acknowledging IPV. Physician response was related to the degree to which he or she was enculturated in mainstream medical practice norms in the United States. We advance current knowledge on physicians’ IPV screening and intervention practices by exploring the practices of KA physicians, in particular.

Influence of Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict and Peer Relationship on Children's Self Competence: Comparison of Children from Multicultural Families and Korean Families

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in self competence between children from multicultural families and children from Korean families, and to study how interparental conflict and peer relationship influence the self competence of children. The subjects of the present study were 138 children of multicultural families and 254 children of Korean families in the 3rd or 4th grade in Seoul, Daegu, Gyeong-gi province, and Gyeong-buk province. The instruments of measurement were the Children`s Perception of Interparental Conflict, Friendship and the Perceived Competence Scale for Children. Date were analyzed by independent samples T-test, MANCOVA, ANCOVA and multiple regression using the SPSS program. The results showed there was significant difference in the self competence of children between those from multicultural families and those from Korean families, but there was no significant difference when income was controlled. Second, for children of multicultural families, gender, income, and the intensity of interparental conflict had significant influence on self competence while gender, aid, conflict, and disclosure of negative affect in friendship, and being a peacemaker in interparental conflict influenced self competence significantly in the case of children of Korean families.

Good daughters: Three different ways of being Korean American queer women

Abstract Twenty-five Korean American queer women were interviewed in-depth about their family relationships. Field notes and a brief demographic survey were used to supplement interview data. Results indicate three different profiles of Korean American queer women: international students, 1.5 ethnic enclave residents, and 2nd generation suburbanites. Though all seek to be good daughters, their accomplishment of this goal depends upon their family ideologies as well as residential community context.

Predictors of Acculturation Types among Marriage Migrant Women

This study aimed to identify predictors of acculturation types among marriage migrant women at the individual and dominant society levels. To accomplish this goal, we recruited marriage migrant women from China and Vietnam, classified their acculturation types according to their scores on acculturation attitudes, and performed multinomial logistic regression on acculturation types by entering marriage migrant women`s individual and dominant society level factors as covariates based on previous research. The results showed that most of the participants were classified under integration(N

Moving Beyond Geography: Health Practices and Outcomes Across Time and Place

This chapter examines the place effects on health that may persist and/or change over time and distance by focusing on the interaction of place and health in three distinct immigrant communities. Rather than equating community with a single, static geographic location, the approach taken in this chapter highlights the dynamism inherent in both community and place by examining how place of origin affects health beyond the original geographic boundaries and how such effects may change over time. Examining the interaction between immigrants’ places of origin and their host societies allows deeper insight into how place effects operate. We seek to understand how shared identities, a shared culture, and/or a shared experience with a particular place of origin may impact health outcomes and practices, and how those outcomes and practices may change over time. To investigate the persistence of health beliefs and practices, we first examine health practices among Chinese immigrants to England. We then turn to the study of health outcomes across time and place by examining notable health phenomena among two groups of immigrants. These phenomena include the “Roseto effect” among Italian immigrants to Pennsylvania and the “epidemiological paradox” of Mexican immigrants to the USA. These case studies suggest the centrality of the social aspects of community in place effects on health.

청소년의 학업스트레스, 신체 및 심리적 웰빙의 관계와 가구풍요도의 조절효과: 일상다이어리 연구

일상적 스트레스 경험이 청소년에게 해롭다는 증거는 있지만, 일상에서 스트레스의 변동성을 방법론적으로 고려한 체계적인 연구는 다소 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 일상다이어리 기법을 활용하여, 164명의 중학교 2학년 학생이 일상적 맥락에서 일주일간 매일 경험한 심리(행복감, 불안감, 우울감) 및 신체적 웰빙(피로감과 수면의 질)과 학업스트레스를 살펴보았다. 먼저, 일상에서 경험한 학업스트레스가 당일과 다음날의 심리 및 신체적 웰빙과 관계가 있는지 알아보았다. 다음으로, 이러한 관계가 청소년의 성별이나 가족의 사회경제적지위에 따라 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 연구결과, 청소년이 더 높은 수준의 학업스트레스를 경험한 날에는 다른 날에 비하여 더 높은 수준의 우울감과 불안감을 경험했을 뿐 아니라, 더 높은 수준의 피로감을 느꼈으며, 수면의 질도 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 학업스트레스의 효과는 피로감과 수면의 질에 대하여 다음날까지 지속적으로 나타났지만, 심리적 웰빙 지표에 대하여는 그 효과가 지속되지 않았다. 한편, 가구풍요도가 낮은 청소년이 가구풍요도가 높은 청소년보다 더 높은 수준의 학업스트레스를 경험한 날에 더 높은 수준의 피로감을 보고하였다. 본 연구는 청소년의 일상적 스트레스와 심리 및 신체적 웰빙에 관한 학술적이고 실질적인 시사점을 제공한다.

Daily Dynamics of Grateful Mood, Emotional Support from Parents, and Psychological Well-Being across Seven Days among Korean Adolescents

Even though gratitude is considered as an important virtue to possess for successful adulthood, little is known about what cultivates gratitude and its benefits associated with psychological well-being among adolescents. By examining gratitude as a daily mood, this study asked (1) whether adolescents` daily grateful mood varied as a function of daily parental emotional support and (2) whether adolescents` psychological well-being varied as a function of daily grateful mood within person across seven days. The sample consisted of 70 adolescents in 8th grade recruited from a public middle school. Participants completed daily diary checklists online each evening for seven days. On days when adolescents perceived greater parental emotional support from mother or father than they typically did during the week, they rated their grateful mood to be higher than other days. With more emotional support from father, adolescents reported more grateful mood not only on that day, but also the following day. While this result highlights the important role that parents play in adolescents` experience of grateful mood, emotionally supportive behaviors of fathers appear particularly promising for cultivating gratitude. Further, daily grateful mood on a given day accounted for the significant variance in adolescents` psychological well-being not only on the same day, but also the following day. Research and practical implications of the results are discussed.