Network


Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.

Hotspot


Dive into the research topics where Gregorio Oxilia is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Gregorio Oxilia.


American Journal of Physical Anthropology | 2017

The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian

Gregorio Oxilia; Flavia Fiorillo; Francesco Boschin; Elisabetta Boaretto; Salvatore Andrea Apicella; Chiara Matteucci; Daniele Panetta; Rossella Pistocchi; Franca Guerrini; Cristiana Margherita; Massimo Andretta; Rita Sorrentino; Giovanni Boschian; Simona Arrighi; Irene Dori; Giuseppe Mancuso; Jacopo Crezzini; Alessandro Riga; Maria C. Serrangeli; Antonino Vazzana; Piero Salvadori; Mariangela Vandini; Carlo Tozzi; Adriana Moroni; Robin N. M. Feeney; John C. Willman; Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi; Stefano Benazzi

OBJECTIVES Early evidence for the treatment of dental pathology is found primarily among food-producing societies associated with high levels of oral pathology. However, some Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers show extensive oral pathology, suggesting that experimentation with therapeutic dental interventions may have greater antiquity. Here, we report the second earliest probable evidence for dentistry in a Late Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherer recovered from Riparo Fredian (Tuscany, Italy). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Fredian 5 human consists of an associated maxillary anterior dentition with antemortem exposure of both upper first incisor (I1 ) pulp chambers. The pulp chambers present probable antemortem modifications that warrant in-depth analyses and direct dating. Scanning electron microscopy, microCT and residue analyses were used to investigate the purported modifications of external and internal surfaces of each I1 . RESULTS The direct date places Fredian 5 between 13,000 and 12,740 calendar years ago. Both pulp chambers were circumferentially enlarged prior to the death of this individual. Occlusal dentine flaking on the margin of the cavities and striations on their internal aspects suggest anthropic manipulation. Residue analyses revealed a conglomerate of bitumen, vegetal fibers, and probable hairs adherent to the internal walls of the cavities. DISCUSSION The results are consistent with tool-assisted manipulation to remove necrotic or infected pulp in vivo and the subsequent use of a composite, organic filling. Fredian 5 confirms the practice of dentistry-specifically, a pathology-induced intervention-among Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers. As such, it appears that fundamental perceptions of biomedical knowledge and practice were in place long before the socioeconomic changes associated with the transition to food production in the Neolithic.


PLOS ONE | 2018

Unravelling biocultural population structure in 4th/3rd century BC Monterenzio Vecchio (Bologna, Italy) through a comparative analysis of strontium isotopes, non-metric dental evidence, and funerary practices

Rita Sorrentino; Eugenio Bortolini; Federico Lugli; Giuseppe Mancuso; Laura Buti; Gregorio Oxilia; Antonino Vazzana; Carla Figus; Maria C. Serrangeli; Cristiana Margherita; Annachiara Penzo; Giorgio Gruppioni; Antonio Gottarelli; Klaus Peter Jochum; Maria Giovanna Belcastro; Anna Cipriani; Robin N. M. Feeney; Stefano Benazzi

The 4th century BC marks the main entrance of Celtic populations in northern Italy. Their arrival has been suggested based on the presence of Celtic customs in Etruscan mortuary contexts, yet up to now few bioarchaeological data have been examined to support or reject the arrival of these newcomers. Here we use strontium isotopes, non-metric dental traits and funerary patterns to unravel the biocultural structure of the necropolis of Monterenzio Vecchio (Bologna, Italy). Subsamples of our total sample of 38 individuals were analyzed based on different criteria characterizing the following analyses: 1) strontium isotope analysis to investigate migratory patterns and provenance; 2) non-metric dental traits to establish biological relationships between Monterenzio Vecchio, 13 Italian Iron age necropolises and three continental and non-continental Celtic necropolises; 3) grave goods which were statistically explored to detect possible patterns of cultural variability. The strontium isotopes results indicate the presence of local and non-local individuals, with some revealing patterns of mobility. The dental morphology reveals an affinity between Monterenzio Vecchio and Iron Age Italian samples. However, when the Monterenzio Vecchio sample is separated by isotopic results into locals and non-locals, the latter share affinity with the sample of non-continental Celts from Yorkshire (UK). Moreover, systematic analyses demonstrate that ethnic background does not retain measurable impact on the distribution of funerary elements. Our results confirm the migration of Celtic populations in Monterenzio as archaeologically hypothesized on the basis of the grave goods, followed by a high degree of cultural admixture between exogenous and endogenous traits. This contribution shows that combining different methods offers a more comprehensive perspective for the exploration of biocultural processes in past and present populations.


American Journal of Physical Anthropology | 2018

The physiological linkage between molar inclination and dental macrowear pattern

Gregorio Oxilia; Eugenio Bortolini; Sergio Martini; Andrea Papini; Marco Boggioni; Laura Buti; Carla Figus; Rita Sorrentino; Grant Townsend; John Kaidonis; Luca Fiorenza; Emanuela Cristiani; Ottmar Kullmer; Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi; Stefano Benazzi

Abstract Objectives Exact symmetry and perfect balance between opposite jaw halves, as well as between antagonistic teeth, is not frequently observed in natural masticatory systems. Research results show that asymmetry in our body, skull, and jaws is often related to genetic, epigenetic, environmental and individual ontogenetic factors. Our study aims to provide evidence for a significant link between masticatory asymmetry and occlusal contact between antagonist teeth by testing the hypothesis that tooth inclination is one of the mechanisms driving distribution of wear in masticatory phases in addition to dietary and cultural habits. Materials and Methods The present work investigates the relationship between dental macrowear patterns and tooth inclinations on a sample of complete maxillary and mandibular 3D models of dental arches from 19 young and adult Yuendumu Aboriginal individuals. The analysis was carried out on first molars (M1) from all quadrants. Occlusal Fingerprint Analysis was used for the quantification of macrowear patterns, and 2D cross‐sectional geometric analysis was carried out to investigate asymmetry in dental arches. Results The asymmetry is highly variable on both arches, and it is associated with differences in the inclination of upper M1 crowns. Each molar has variable inclination (buccal/lingual) which influence tooth to tooth contact, producing greater or lesser variation in wear pattern. Interindividual variability of morphological variation of the occlusal relationship has to be considered in macrowear analysis. Discussion Our results suggest that overall asymmetry in the masticatory apparatus in modern humans affects occlusal contact areas between antagonist teeth influencing macrowear and chewing efficiency during ontogeny.


Scientific Reports | 2017

The first Neanderthal remains from an open-air Middle Palaeolithic site in the Levant

Ella Been; Erella Hovers; Ravid Ekshtain; Ariel Malinski-Buller; Nuha Agha; Alon Barash; Daniella E. Bar-Yosef Mayer; Stefano Benazzi; Jean-Jacques Hublin; Lihi Levin; Noam Greenbaum; Netta Mitki; Gregorio Oxilia; Naomi Porat; Joel Roskin; Michalle Soudack; Reuven Yeshurun; Ruth Shahack-Gross; Nadav Nir; Mareike Cordula Stahlschmidt; Yoel Rak; Omry Barzilai


Quaternary International | 2016

A reexamination of the Middle Paleolithic human remains from Riparo Tagliente, Italy

Julie Arnaud; Carlo Peretto; Daniele Panetta; Maria Tripodi; Federica Fontana; Marta Arzarello; Ursula Thun Hohenstein; Claudio Berto; Benedetto Sala; Gregorio Oxilia; Piero Salvadori; Stefano Benazzi


Journal of Human Evolution | 2017

Morphological description and morphometric analyses of the Upper Palaeolithic human remains from Dzudzuana and Satsurblia caves, western Georgia

Cristiana Margherita; Gregorio Oxilia; Veronica Barbi; Daniele Panetta; Jean-Jacques Hublin; David Lordkipanidze; Tengiz Meshveliani; Nino Jakeli; Zinovi Matskevich; Ofer Bar-Yosef; Anna Belfer-Cohen; Ron Pinhasi; Stefano Benazzi


Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports | 2017

The study of commingled non-adult human remains: Insights from the 16th–18th centuries community of Roccapelago (Italy)

Carla Figus; Mirko Traversari; Lucia Martina Scalise; Gregorio Oxilia; Antonino Vazzana; Laura Buti; Rita Sorrentino; Giorgio Gruppioni; Stefano Benazzi


Archive | 2018

Neonatal and postnatal mortality in Roccapelago through the study of human skeletal remains and parish records

Carla Figus; Mirko Traversari; Lucia Martina Scalise; Laura Buti; Antonino Vazzana; Rita Sorrentino; Gregorio Oxilia; Stefano Benazzi


Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports | 2018

A multianalytic investigation of weapon-related injuries in a Late Antiquity necropolis, Mutina , Italy

Antonino Vazzana; Lucia Martina Scalise; Mirko Traversari; Carla Figus; Salvatore Andrea Apicella; Laura Buti; Gregorio Oxilia; Rita Sorrentino; Silvia Pellegrini; Chiara Matteucci; Lucio Calcagnile; Raffaele Savigni; Robin N. M. Feeney; Giorgio Gruppioni; Stefano Benazzi


International Journal of Osteoarchaeology | 2018

Functional relationship between dental macrowear and diet in Late Pleistocene and recent modern human populations

Luca Fiorenza; Stefano Benazzi; Gregorio Oxilia; Ottmar Kullmer

Collaboration


Dive into the Gregorio Oxilia's collaboration.

Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Ottmar Kullmer

Goethe University Frankfurt

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Laura Buti

University of Adelaide

View shared research outputs
Researchain Logo
Decentralizing Knowledge