Guillermo Cantú-Quintanilla

Validation of the UNC TRxANSITION Scale™Version 3 Among Mexican Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Disease

BACKGROUND There is a lack of valid health care transition readiness (HCT) scales in Spanish. OBJECTIVE To provide initial validation of the UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ among Mexican adolescents and young adults (youth) with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS We used the professionally translated/back translated, provider-administered UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ (Ferris et al., 2012). This 33-question scale measures HCT in ten sub-scales including knowledge about diagnosis or treatment, diet, reproductive health, school/work, insurance, ability to self-manage and looking for new health providers. Its maximum score is 10. We enrolled 163 Mexican adolescents (48.5% females) with CKD stage≥3, mean age of 15.1years (±2.1) and whose primary language is Spanish. There were 15 patients on hemodialysis (9.2%) and 30 transplant recipients (18.4%). Results were compared to those reported in adolescents with chronic conditions from the USA. RESULTS Our cohorts overall median total score was 5.9. Patients≥16years old had a median total score of 6.4, whereas younger patients had median score of 5.6 (p<0.05). Transplant patients had greater scores in the total and the sub-scales of medication knowledge, issues of reproduction, insurance, trade/work and adherence (p<0.05). When comparing the total score (by age), results from our Mexican youth were similar to those reported in youth from the USA. CONCLUSIONS In our Mexican cohort of youth with CKD, health care transition readiness is greater in older patients and in transplant recipients. Our cohorts overall score is low, indicating the need for a health care transition preparation program. The UNC TRxANSITION Scale™ results in Mexican youth with CKD are comparable to findings in youth from the USA.

Mortality in Patients with Chronic Renal Disease without Health Insurance in Mexico: Opportunities for a National Renal Health Policy

Introduction Despite a systematic increase in the coverage of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who have received dialytic therapies and transplantation over the past 2 decades, the Mexican health system currently still does not have a program to provide full coverage of ESRD. Our aim was to analyze mortality in patients with ESRD without health insurance. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of 850 patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Risk factors associated with death were calculated using a Coxs proportional hazards model. We used the statistical package SPSS version 22.0 for data analysis. Results The mean age of patients was 44.8 ± 17.2 years old. At the time of hospital admission, 87.6% of the population did not have a social security program to cover the cost of renal replacement treatment, and 91.3% of families had an income below US

Self-Management and Health Care Transition Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease: Medical and Psychosocial Considerations

300 per month. During the 3 years of the study, 28.8% of the cohort patients were enrolled in 1 of Mexicos social security programs. The 3-year mortality rate was of 56.7% among patients without access to health insurance, in contrast to 38.2% of patients who had access to a social security program that provided access to renal replacement therapy (P < 0.001). Risk factor analysis revealed that not having health insurance increased mortality (risk ratio: 2.64, 95% confidence intervals: 1.84−3.79; P = 0.001). Conclusion Mexico needs a coordinated National Kidney Health and Treatment Program. A program of this nature should provide the basis for an appropriate educational and intervention strategy for early detection, prevention, and treatment of patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Revisión de modelos para el análisis de dilemas éticos

Health care transition (HCT) is a process that requires preparation as a continuum from pediatric- to adult-focused services. For adolescents and young adults with chronic or ESRD, this process can be prolonged due to their physical, psychological, family, or ecological factors. HCT preparation is a matter of patient safety and patient rights as the consequences of poor preparation at the time of transfer to adult-focused services are great, including rejection of organs, disease relapse, or even death. We present a case to illustrate important points of HCT preparation, with suggestions for intervention by the interdisciplinary team members who serve (and will serve) these survivors of pediatric-onset health conditions. To monitor the HCT process, yearly measurements of skill mastery need to take place guide interventions.

TRANSPLANTS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN: RELEASE OF THE AGUASCALIENTES DOCUMENT

In pediatric medical practice it is common to encounter situations that represent a dilemma for health professionals. A dilemma occurs when ethical problems found in professional practice cause serious internal conflicts because they imply actions that contradict their colleagues, employees, or their own personal values and are classified as personal value conflicts, conflicts with other professionals, conflicts with clients and with organizations. A literature review allowed identifying different models to debate these types of dilemmas. The present work is a review of the search of scientific articles using databases such as Ebsco Host, ProQuest, Ovid, and InMex as well as metasearch tools such as metacrawler. The models found are as follows: Model of Anne Davis, Nijmegen method, Method of Diego Gracia, Integral method, Bochum Center Ethics model, Model of Brody and Payton, Model of Curtin and Flaherty, Model of Thompson and Thompson, SAD method, Model of Javier Morata, Model of Elaine Congress, IFSW model, Model of Loewenberg and Dolgoff, Ley Social Model, DOER method, Model of Brommer, Model of Corey and Callanan, Model of Pope and Vasquez, Model of Bush, Connell and Denney, Model of Ferrell, Gresham and Fraedrich, and Model of Hunt and Vitell. The key criteria shared in the different models are a) specifying the ethical dilemma, b) description of the facts, c) value definition, moral code and facts, decision making and d) identifying alternative solutions. In order to review the literature, some models are explained with the purpose of identifying and representing critical elements that clinical ethics committees could use in a practical manner in pediatric health institutions in Mexico.

TRANSPLANTES NA AMÉRICA LATINA E NO CARIBE: DIFUSÃO DO DOCUMENTO DE AGUASCALIENTES

The Aguascalientes Document was drafted during the first 2010 Bioethics Forum of the Transplantation Society in Latin America and the Caribbean. The object of the document is to safeguard the integrity of the living donor. This article aims to investigate the Aguascalientes Document among the participants to the 2012 SLANH Congress. A questionnaire was applied, with 21 questions on topics covered by said document. The results show that 36.3% of the respondents accepts the unrelated living donor; 36.3% believes there is a margin of growth in the rate of deceased donors; 57.9% guarantees health with quality immunosuppressive drugs; 61.5% does not know the document. In view of the above, it is concluded that the Aguascalientes Document contains useful recommendations for monitoring the bioethical aspects of transplants.

Trasplantes en América Latina y el Caribe: difusión del documento de Aguascalientes

The Aguascalientes Document was drafted during the first 2010 Bioethics Forum of the Transplantation Society in Latin America and the Caribbean. The object of the document is to safeguard the integrity of the living donor. This article aims to investigate the Aguascalientes Document among the participants to the 2012 SLANH Congress. A questionnaire was applied, with 21 questions on topics covered by said document. The results show that 36.3% of the respondents accepts the unrelated living donor; 36.3% believes there is a margin of growth in the rate of deceased donors; 57.9% guarantees health with quality immunosuppressive drugs; 61.5% does not know the document. In view of the above, it is concluded that the Aguascalientes Document contains useful recommendations for monitoring the bioethical aspects of transplants.

The effects of resistance exercise and oral nutritional supplementation during hemodialysis on indicators of nutritional status and quality of life

The Aguascalientes Document was drafted during the first 2010 Bioethics Forum of the Transplantation Society in Latin America and the Caribbean. The object of the document is to safeguard the integrity of the living donor. This article aims to investigate the Aguascalientes Document among the participants to the 2012 SLANH Congress. A questionnaire was applied, with 21 questions on topics covered by said document. The results show that 36.3% of the respondents accepts the unrelated living donor; 36.3% believes there is a margin of growth in the rate of deceased donors; 57.9% guarantees health with quality immunosuppressive drugs; 61.5% does not know the document. In view of the above, it is concluded that the Aguascalientes Document contains useful recommendations for monitoring the bioethical aspects of transplants.