Guiyu Wang

Role of MicroRNA 30a Targeting Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 in Colorectal Tumorigenesis

ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in many types of malignant diseases, including colorectal cancer. miRNA 30a (miR-30a) is a member of the miR-30 family and has been implicated in many types of cancers. In this study, we determined the expression of miR-30a in human colon cancer tissues and cell lines. miR-30a was found to be significantly downregulated in both the tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-30a inhibited, while silencing of miR-30a promoted, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Consistently, stable overexpression of miR-30a suppressed the growth of colon cancer cell xenografts in vivo. Moreover, bioinformatic algorithms and luciferase reporter assays revealed that insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) is a direct target of miR-30a. Further functional studies suggested that repression of IRS2 by miR-30a partially mediated the tumor suppressor effect of miR-30a. In addition, miR-30a inhibited constitutive phosphorylation of Akt by targeting IRS2. Additionally, clinicopathological analysis indicated that miR-30a has an inverse correlation with the staging in patients with colon cancer. Taken together, our study provides the first evidence that miR-30a suppressed colon cancer cell growth through inhibition of IRS2. Thus, miR-30a might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for colon cancer treatment.

Role of microRNA-30c Targeting ADAM19 in Colorectal Cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in a number of cancers including colorectal cancer. MiR-30c belongs to miR-30 family, and is involved in a variety of malignant diseases. In this study, we detected the expression of miR-30c in colon cancer cell lines and clinical colon cancer specimens. MiR-30c was shown to be dramatically down-regulated both in cell lines and cancer tissues. Additionally, miR-30c could inhibit cancer cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro. Consistently, stable over-expression of miR-30c inhibited the growth and lung metastasis of colon cancer cell xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, bioinformatics algorithm and luciferase reporter assay indicated ADAM19 as a direct target of miR-30c. Of interest, further experiments demonstrated that inhibition of ADAM19 by miR-30c partially mediated the anti-tumor effect of miR-30c. Overall, our study provides the new insight that miR-30c inhibited colon cancer cells via targeting ADAM19. Thus, miR-30c might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for colon cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer stem cell and chemoresistant colorectal cancer cell phenotypes and increased sensitivity to Notch pathway inhibitor

Colorectal cancer stem cells (Co-CSCs) are a small subpopulation of tumor cells which have been proposed to be tumor-initiating cells in colorectal cancer (CRC) and to be implicated in resistance to standard chemotherapy. Chemoresistance is a common problem in the clinic. However, the interrelation between Co-CSCs and chemoresistant cells has yet to be elucidated. The present study investigated the Co-CSC phenotype in colonospheres and chemoresistant CRC cell lines and aimed to identify targets for therapy. Colonospheres and chemoresistant CRC cells were found to be enriched with the CSC markers CD133 and CD44, and exhibited similar phenotypes. Furthermore, it was found that Notch signaling may simultaneously regulate Co-CSCs and chemoresistant cells and may represent a novel strategy for targeting this pathway in CRC.

Cost Comparison Between Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Colectomy and Open Colectomy

PURPOSE Our aim was to compare the costs associated with hand-assisted laparoscopic colectomy (HALC) and open colectomy (OC). METHODS The data of patients who underwent either HALC or OC between March 2009 and August 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The assessed short-term outcomes included operative time, blood lost, retrieved lymph nodes, conversion rates, and complications. Direct costs of operating room, nursing, intensive care, anesthesia, laboratory, pharmacy, radiology, and other costs related to initial hospitalization were compared. RESULTS Forty-two patients underwent HALC, whereas 45 underwent OC. Demographics in both groups were similar. The HALC patients had significantly shorter hospital stays and incision lengths, faster recovery of bowel function, and less blood loss (P<.001). There were no significant differences in operative time (169 minutes for HALC versus 171 minutes for OC), complication rates, or the number of retrieved lymph nodes. Although operative costs were higher for HALC (US

Preparation of anti-tumor nanoparticle and its inhibition to peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer.

2260 versus

Comparative Evaluation of Intrathecal Bupivacaine Alone, Bupivacaine-fentanyl, and Bupivacaine-dexmedetomidine in Caesarean Section

1992; P<.001), total costs were not significantly different between both methods (US

miR-450b-5p Suppresses Stemness and the Development of Chemoresistance by Targeting SOX2 in Colorectal Cancer.

5593 vs.

Polymorphic CAG repeat and protein expression of androgen receptor gene in colorectal cancer

5638; P=.29). CONCLUSION Total costs of HALC are not significantly higher compared with OC. HALC is safe and leads to better short-term outcomes than OC.

Characterization of SMAD3 Gene Variants for Possible Roles in Ventricular Septal Defects and Other Congenital Heart Diseases.

Background 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most classic chemotherapy drugs. Nanoparticle drug delivery vehicles offer superiority over target effect enhancement and abatement of side effects. Little is known however as to the specific effect of nanoparticle on peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer. The aim of this study is to prepare one NPs (nanoparticles) loaded with 5-FU and investigate the characteristic of NPs and the role of it in peritoneal metastasis nodules formation of human colon cancer. Methodology/Principal Findings Prepared the NPs (nanoparticles) loaded with 5-FU (5-Fluorouracil) by PEG-PLGA with the method of double emulsion. Then evaluate the characteristics of the NPs by scanning electron microscopy, analyzing the particle diameter distribution and determining the loading efficiency. Detect the release features of NPs in vitro and in vivo. Nude mice with peritoneal metastases were treated with 5-FU solution or 5-FU-NPs through peritoneal cavity. Count the nodules on peritoneum and mesenterium and survey the size of them. We got NPs with average-diameter of 310 nm. In vitro release test shows NPs can release equably for 5 days with release rate of 99.2%. In vivo, NPs group can keep higher plasma concentration of 5-FU longer than it in solution group. The number of peritoneal dissemination nodule below 1 mm in 5-FU-sol group(17.3±3.5) and 5-FU-NP group(15.2±3.2) is less than control group(27.2±4.7)(P<0.05). The total number of nodules in 5-FU-NP group(28.7±4.2) is significantly smaller than in 5-FU-sol group(37.7±6.3) (P<0.05). Conclusions/Significance The novel anti-tumor nanoparticles loaded with 5-FU by PEG-PLGA can release maintain 5 days and have inhibitory action to peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer in mice.

Karyopherin alpha 2 expression is a novel diagnostic and prognostic factor for colorectal cancer

PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of bupivacaine alone, bupivacaine plus fentanyl, and bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine for postoperative analgesia in women undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS 90 term parturients scheduled to have elective cesarean section and ASA physical status I or II were allocated randomly into 3 groups to receive either bupivacaine (Bv group) or bupivacaine plus fentanyl (BvF group) or bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine (BvD group). The onset time of sensory block, maximum sensory block level, duration of motor and sensory block, onset of post-operative pain, sedation scores, Apgar scores and side effects were recorded and statistically compared across 3 groups. RESULTS Regression time to T10 was significantly longer in BvD group, sensory block was also prolonged in BvD group without any difference in duration of motor block. Onset of post-operative pain was delayed in BvD group. Sedation scores (VAS) were improved in case of BvD with least values of 0-3 followed by BvF (1-4). There was no significant difference in Apgar scores and neonatal arterial gas pressures across 3 groups. CONCLUSION The use of dexmedtomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in cesarean surgeries provides better intra-operative and post-operative analgesia without having significant impact on Apgar scores or incidence of side effects.