Gunilla Bodelsson

Short term complications of the tension free vaginal tape operation for stress urinary incontinence in women.

Objective To assess the prevalence of intra‐ and post‐operative complications with the tension free vaginal tape operation for female urinary incontinence.

Contractile effect of endothelin in the human uterine artery and autoradiographic localization of its binding sites

OBJECTIVE The aim was to study the effects, mode of action, and binding sites of endothelin-1 in the human uterine artery. STUDY DESIGN The contractile effect of endothelin-1 on the human uterine artery with and without endothelium and the effect of verapamil and nicardipine on the contraction was investigated in vitro. The Student t test was used. Iodine 125-endothelin-1 binding sites were localized with autoradiography. RESULTS Endothelin-1 induced a contraction that was unaffected by removal of the endothelium. Verapamil antagonized the contraction, whereas nicardipine showed no effect. Iodine 125-endothelin-1 binding sites were demonstrated in the smooth muscle layer. CONCLUSIONS These results show that endothelin-1 is a vasoconstrictor in the human uterine artery and suggest that the effect is mediated by receptors on the smooth muscle cells. The mode of action seems to involve Ca++ influx by other than dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca++ channels. Endothelin-1 does not seem to stimulate release of other endothelium-derived vasoactive agents.

Characterization of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors Mediating Circular Smooth Muscle Contraction in the Human Umbilical Artery

The study was performed to characterize pharmacologically the contractile 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the circular smooth muscle of the isolated human umbilical artery. Effects of agonists and antagonists for different 5-HT receptor subtypes were studied in intact endothelium vessel segments. All agonists induced concentration-dependent circular smooth muscle contractions. The potency was in declining order 5-HT > α-methyl-5-HT > sumatriptan ≥ 2-methyl-5-HT. The effects of 5-HT and α-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by ketanserin, as well as methiothepin. The contractile effect of sumatriptan was antagonized by methiothepin but not by ketanserin. The 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, MDL 72222, did not affect the contraction by any of the agonists, including 2-methyl-5-HT. It is concluded that the 5-HT-induced contraction in the circular smooth muscle of the human umbilical artery seems to be mediated by a mixed population of 5-HT1-like receptors and 5-HT2 receptors.

Reduced contractile effect of endothelin-1 and noradrenalin in human umbilical artery from pregnancies with abnormal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms

This study on the human umbilical artery was undertaken in order to elucidate possible correlations between changes in response to vasoactive substances in vitro and abnormal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms in vivo associated with preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. The vascular reactivity to endothelin-1, noradrenalin, serotonin, the thromboxane A2 analogue U46619, substance P and prostacyclin was determined in umbilical artery segments from 13 normal pregnancies and 29 pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth retardation with normal or abnormal umbilical flow velocity waveforms. The contractile effect in vitro of endothelin-1 and noradrenalin was reduced in segments from pregnancies complicated by abnormal umbilical flow velocity waveforms in vivo. No differences were detected in the contractile effect of serotonin and U46619, or in the relaxatory effect of substance P and prostacyclin. In conclusion, endothelin-1- and noradrenalin-related mechanisms could be involved in the abnormal umbilical flow velocity waveforms associated with preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation.

Characterization of contractile adrenoceptors in the human umbilical artery

Adrenoceptors mediating contraction in ring segments of human umbilical arteries from normal term pregnancies were investigated in vitro. Contraction was elicited by (order of potency indicated): noradrenaline = the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist oxymetazoline >> the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine. The alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin antagonized the contraction elicited by noradrenaline and phenylephrine. The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist rauwolscine antagonized the contraction elicited by noradrenaline and oxymetazoline. Oxymetazoline had an efficacy 5 times higher than that of noradrenaline and the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist methysergide antagonized the contraction elicited by oxymetazoline. It is suggested that the contractile adrenoceptors in the human umbilical artery consist of both alpha 1 and alpha 2 subtypes. Furthermore, the contractile effect of oxymetazoline seems to be mediated via both alpha 2-adrenoceptors and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.

Atypical receptors mediate the response to endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin S6b in the human umbilical artery

The receptors mediating smooth muscle response to endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin S6b in the human umbilical artery were investigated in vitro. Both agonists induced contractions that were unaffected by the endothelin ET(B) receptor antagonist BQ 788 (10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7) M). The non-selective endothelin ET(A/B) receptor antagonist PD 142893 (10(-7) M) decreased the contraction induced by endothelin-1. PD 142893 (10(-9) M) enhanced the contraction induced by sarafotoxin S6b whereas higher concentrations had no effect. Removing the endothelium did not affect the antagonising action of PD 142893 on endothelin-1-induced contractions while the enhancement of the sarafotoxin S6b-induced contraction was abolished. Sarafotoxin S6b induced relaxation in segments precontracted by 5-hydroxytryptamine and exposed to the endothelin ET(A) receptor antagonist BQ 123 (10(-7) M) and PD 142893 (10(-9) M) abolished this relaxation. These endothelial receptors seem neither to be classical endothelin ET(A) nor endothelin ET(B) receptors and they are not activated by endothelin-1.