Gunter Gad

Social policy at work? Equality and equity in women's paid employment in Canada

Under mounting pressure from women, Canada introduced employment policies to address the gender wage gap and womens access to a wider range of jobs. The policies were generally introduced between the late 1970s and early 1990s. Over time these policies have shifted from focusing on equality to emphasising equity. Two pivotal policies are pay equity and employment equity. In the end, the impact of these policies is difficult to assess. Keeping the European situation in mind we argue that they be considered as a component of broader changes rather than as specific causes of improving the situation of women in the Canadian labour market.

CORPORATE CAPITALISM AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE HIGH-RISE OFFICE BUILDING

Although the skyscrapers emergence has been attributed to the genius of individual architects, innovations in building technology, real estate values, and the symbolic value of tall buildings, this paper presents another, perhaps more critical reason for its emergence: demand for office space. Using Toronto, Canada as a case study, office occupancy data are examined to highlight the morphological transformation of a downtown area. The transition from entrepreneurial to corporate capitalism resulted in the proliferation of very small interdependent office establishments and the growth of large offices with several hundred employees. Both components of demand influenced size of office buildings.

Internships in the liberal arts undergraduate programme: an example from Erindale college, university of Toronto

Abstract The one‐week internships discussed here aim to encourage the critical evaluation of planning practice and planning as a career choice. Internships provide for a change in the mode of learning, for spontaneity and immediacy, and for access to ‘informants’ about planning practice. So far it has proved difficult to provide students with great insights into planning practice through brief participation in the daily work of the planner. However, a good deal of contact between students and planners has been accomplished, and the students have at least a firmer base for evaluating urban planning as a potential career.