Günter Stemberger
University of Vienna
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Zeitschrift Fur Die Neutestamentliche Wissenschaft Und Die Kunde Der Alteren Kirche | 2005
Günter Stemberger
Abstract Der Mischnatraktat Avot, auch als »Kapitel der Väter« (Pirqe Avot) oder »Sprüche der Väter« bekannt, beginnt mit einer Traditionskette, die die Weitergabe der Tora von Mose am Sinai bis zu den Rabbinen der Zeit der Mischna nachzeichnet; sein Hauptteil besteht aus im Namen der frühen Meister oder anonym überlieferten Weisheitssprüchen. Seit dem Mittelalter auch in das Gebetbuch aufgenommen und in diesem Zusammenhang um ein sechstes Kapitel erweitert, ist der Traktat bis heute der populärste jüdische Traditionstext geblieben. In regional unterschiedlicher Form noch immer Teil des Sabbatgottesdienstes (gewöhnlich zwischen Nachmittags- und Abendgebet, sei es an allen Sabbaten oder nur zwischen Pesach und Wochenfest), ist der Traktat zumindest in Teilen auch nicht traditionsgebundenen Juden meist noch auch aus Schule oder Religionsunterricht in Erinnerung. Der Text gilt als Inbegriff rabbinischer Weisheit oder Ethik und findet unter Titeln wie »Die Ethik des Talmud « oder »Die Weisheit der Väter« nach wie vor große Verbreitung.
Archive | 2011
Günter Stemberger
Tractates of the Mishnah that describe the Temple cult are traditionally understood as depiction of the cult as it was actually performed in the time of the Second Temple. A more radical solution understands the Mishnaic descriptions as ideal forms of the cult, based exclusively on the biblical text and not at all reflecting the reality of the Second Temple period. An analysis of tractate Yoma in the Mishnah must therefore be read on the background of the biblical text, mainly Lev 16, but also has to take into account all relevant information in the literature of the Second Temple period. The largest part of tractate Yoma is dedicated to the Temple service; only chapter eight, the last chapter of the tractate, norms and describes the Day of Atonement in the religious life of the individual. Therefore the public cult takes pride of place in this chapter, as well. Keywords:Atonement; Mishnah Yoma; Yom Kippur
Archive | 2012
Günter Stemberger
This chapter discusses about the open questions for jewish environment of jesus. The religious parties at the time of Jesus and their institutions are discussed. Keywords: jewish environment; institutions
Archive | 2011
Günter Stemberger
This chapter addresses prominent example of how the enactment of food laws is supposed to have had an enormous impact on Jewish history, namely the outbreak of the great revolt against Rome in 70, which, according to at least many authors, was in some way related with the Eighteen Halakhot enacted in the Upper Chamber of Hananiah ben Hizqiah ben Garon around the year 66. It provides a rabbinic list of forbidden gentile food in order to see what motivated them. The rabbinic discussion demonstrates that in general the rabbis are no longer aware of the original reasons for these prohibitions or regard them as too obvious to make them explicit. To avoid commensality with non-Jews is the safest way to avoid mixed marriages and thus to maintain ones identity. To a large extent, the maintenance of Jewish identity and the survival of Judaism is the outcome of such foodlaws. Keywords:gentile food; halakhot; Rabbinic Writings
Archive | 2011
Günter Stemberger
Archive | 1982
Günter Stemberger
Journal for The Study of Judaism | 2010
Günter Stemberger
Journal for The Study of Judaism | 2007
Günter Stemberger
Review of Rabbinic Judaism | 2001
Günter Stemberger
Archive | 1999
Günter Stemberger; William Horbury; W. D. Davies; John Sturdy