Guosheng Song

Ultrathin PEGylated W18O49 Nanowires as a New 980 nm‐Laser‐Driven Photothermal Agent for Efficient Ablation of Cancer Cells In Vivo

A new photothermal coupling agent for photothermal ablation (PTA) therapy of tumors is developed based on ultrathin PEGylated W18O49 nanowires. After being injected with the nanowire solution, the in vivo tumors exhibit a rapid temperature rise to 50.0 ± 0.5 °C upon irradiation with NIR laser light at a safe, low intensity (0.72 W cm(-2)) for 2 min (left-hand mouse in the figure),), resulting in the efficient PTA of cancer cells in vivo in 10 min.

Core–Shell MnSe@Bi2Se3 Fabricated via a Cation Exchange Method as Novel Nanotheranostics for Multimodal Imaging and Synergistic Thermoradiotherapy

MnSe@Bi2 Se3 core-shell nanostructures with highly integrated imaging and therapy functions are fabricated by a simple cation exchange method. Using those nanoparticles as a theranostic agent, a promise concept is further demonstrated to enhance conventional radiotherapy by: i) using X-ray absorbing agents to locally concentrate radiation energy and ii) employing near-infrared-light-triggered photothermal therapy to overcome hypoxia-associated radioresistance.

Highly aligned SnO2 nanorods on graphene sheets for gas sensors

Highly aligned SnO2 nanorods on graphene 3-D array structures were synthesized by a straightforward nanocrystal-seeds-directing hydrothermal method. The diameter and density of the nanorods grown on the graphene can be easily tuned as required by varying the seeding concentration and temperature. The array structures were used as gas sensors and exhibit improved sensing performances to a series of gases in comparison to that of SnO2 nanorod flowers. For nanorod arrays of optimal diameter and distribution, these structures were proved to exert an enhanced sensitivity to reductive gases (especially H2S), which was twice as high as that obtained using SnO2 nanorod flowers. The improved sensing properties are attributed to the synergism of the large surface area of SnO2 nanorod arrays and the superior electronic characteristics of graphene.

Perfluorocarbon‐Loaded Hollow Bi2Se3 Nanoparticles for Timely Supply of Oxygen under Near‐Infrared Light to Enhance the Radiotherapy of Cancer

Hollow Bi2 Se3 nanoparticles prepared by a cation exchange method are loaded with perfluorocarbon as an oxygen carrier. With these nanoparticles, a promising concept is demonstrated to enhance radiotherapy by not only using their X-ray-absorbing ability to locally concentrate radiation energy in the tumor, but also employing near-infrared light to trigger burst release of oxygen from the nanoparticles to overcome hypoxia-associated radio-resistance.

Degradable Molybdenum Oxide Nanosheets with Rapid Clearance and Efficient Tumor Homing Capabilities as a Therapeutic Nanoplatform

Molybdenum oxide (MoOx) nanosheets with high near-infrared (NIR) absorbance and pH-dependent oxidative degradation properties were synthesized, functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and then used as a degradable photothermal agent and drug carrier. The nanosheets, which are relatively stable under acidic pH, could be degraded at physiological pH. Therefore, MoOx-PEG distributed in organs upon intravenous injection would be rapidly degraded and excreted without apparent in vivo toxicity. MoOx-PEG shows efficient accumulation in tumors, the acidic pH of which then leads to longer tumor retention of those nanosheets. Along with the capability of acting as a photothermal agent for effective tumor ablation, MoOx-PEG can load therapeutic molecules with high efficiencies. This concept of inorganic theranostic nanoagent should be relatively stable in tumors to allow imaging and treatment, while being readily degradable in normal organs to enable rapid excretion and avoid long-term retention/toxicity.

Catalase-Loaded TaOx Nanoshells as Bio-Nanoreactors Combining High-Z Element and Enzyme Delivery for Enhancing Radiotherapy.

A novel type of bio-nanoreactor with catalase loaded inside TaOx hollow nanoshells is fabricated via a mild one-step method. Such bio-nanoreactors could efficiently improve the tumor oxygenation by supplying oxygen via decomposition of endogenic H2 O2 in a tumor microenvironment, and thus synergistically enhance the efficacy of cancer radiotherapy by both depositing radiation energy within the tumor and overcoming hypoxia-induced radiotherapy resistance.

MnO2 ultralong nanowires with better electrical conductivity and enhanced supercapacitor performances

Single-crystal α-MnO2 ultralong nanowires (∼40 μm in length, ∼15 nm in diameter), which were synthesized by a simple polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) assisted hydrothermal route, exhibited a better electrical conductivity, a highest specific capacitance of 345 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 with high rate capability (54.7% at 10 A g−1) and good cycling stability.

Facile synthesis of porous MnCo2O4.5 hierarchical architectures for high- rate supercapacitors

Porous urchin-like MnCo2O4.5 hierarchical architectures (~4–6 μm in diameter) synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route followed by a calcination process exhibited a specific capacitance of 151.2 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1, outstanding rate capability with 83.6% specific capacitance retention even when the current density is increased 50 times and excellent long-term cycle stability at progressively varied current densities and could be considered as a potential mixed transition metal oxide material for high-rate supercapacitors in some special applications that do not require a high capacitance.

Self-assembling hybrid NiO/Co3O4 ultrathin and mesoporous nanosheets into flower-like architectures for pseudocapacitance

The rational design and synthesis of mesoporous hybrid architecture electrode materials for high-performance pseudocapacitor applications still remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of hybrid NiO/Co3O4 flower-like mesoporous architectures on a large-scale for high-performance supercapacitors by a facile, environmentally friendly, and low-cost synthetic method. The as-synthesized hybrid NiO/Co3O4 flower-like architectures show a high specific capacitance of 1068 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 and 1190 F g−1 at a current density of 4 A g−1, a good rate capability even at high current densities and an excellent long-term cycling stability (less than 1% loss of the maximum specific capacitance after 5000 cycles), which can be mainly attributed to their morphological characteristics of mesoporous and ultrathin nanosheets self-assembling into flower-like architectures, as well as a rational composition of the two constituents. The remarkable electrochemical properties, as well as many advantages associated with the synthetic method, should make the present architectures competitive electrode materials for next generation supercapacitors.

Hydrophilic molybdenum oxide nanomaterials with controlled morphology and strong plasmonic absorption for photothermal ablation of cancer cells.

The molybdenum oxide nanosheets have shown strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region. However, the long alky chains of ligands made them hydrophobic and less biocompatible. To meet the requirements of molybdenum based nanomaterials for use as a future photothermal therapy, a simple hydrothermal route has been developed for hydrophilic molybdenum oxide nanospheres and nanoribbons using a molybdenum precursor and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). First, molybdenum oxide nanomaterials prepared in the presence of PEG exhibit strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption in near-infrared (NIR) region, compared with that of no PEG. Second, elevation of synthetic temperature leads to a gradual transformation of molybdenum oxide nanospheres into nanoribbons, entailing the evolution of an intense LSPR absorption in the NIR region. Third, as-prepared molybdenum oxide nanomaterials coated with PEG possess a hydrophilic property and thus can be directly used for biological applications without additional post treatments. Moreover, molybdenum oxide nanoribbons as a model of photothermal materials can efficiently convert the 980 nm wavelength laser energy into heat energy, and this localized hyperthermia produces the effective thermal ablation of cancer cells, meaning a potential photothermal material.