Gustavo Evangelista Oliveira

Tratamento fungicida e peliculização de sementes de soja submetidas ao armazenamento

O tratamento de sementes de soja com fungicidas vem sendo utilizado como importante ferramenta no controle de patogenos. Nesse trabalho, objetivou-se estudar o desempenho de sementes de soja tratadas com fungicidas e peliculizadas, antes e apos o armazenamento. Foram utilizados cinco lotes de sementes, cultivar Monsoy 6101, submetidos aos tratamentos: thiabendazole+thiram sem polimero, carbendazin+thiram sem polimero, sem fungicida (testemunha) sem polimero, alem desses tratamentos realizados via peliculizacao (com polimero). A qualidade fisiologica e sanitaria das sementes foi avaliada inicialmente e apos seis meses de armazenamento em condicoes ambientais, pelas seguintes determinacoes: teor de agua, teste de germinacao, emergencia em bandeja, teste de frio e de sanidade. Conclui-se que a peliculizacao, em associacao com fungicidas, nao afeta a qualidade fisiologica das sementes de soja e o tratamento de lotes de sementes de soja com os fungicidas thiabendazole+thiram e carbendazin+thiram melhora seu desempenho e qualidade sanitaria.The treatment of soybean seeds by fungicides has been used as an important tool in pathogen control. The objective of this work was to verify the performance of soybean seeds treated with fungicide and film coating, prior and after storage. Five seed lots, cultivar Monsoy 6101, were treated with thiabendazole+thiram without polymer, carbendazin+thiram without polymer, without fungicide (control), without polymer, and treatments by film coating (with polymer). The physiological and sanitary quality of the seeds was evaluated initially and after six months storage, under environmental conditions, according to the following characteristics: water content, test of germination and emergence on tray, blotter test and cold test. The film coating associated with fungicides does not affect the physiological quality of soybean seeds and the soybean seed treatment with the fungicides thiabendazole+thiram and carbendazin+thiram improves performance and sanitary quality.

Desempenho de sementes de soja tratadas com fungicidas e peliculizadas durante o armazenamento

O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de sementes de soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] tratadas com fungicidas em associacao a peliculizacao, durante o armazenamento. Sementes da cultivar Pintado foram tratadas com thiram+thiabendazole e parte das sementes nao receberam esse tratamento. As sementes foram ainda submetidas a peliculizacao com os polimeros AGL 205 ou AGL 202 e parte das sementes nao foram peliculizadas. Posteriormente, as sementes foram acondicionadas em embalagens de papel multifoliado e armazenadas durante nove meses sob condicoes ambientais, sendo que as qualidades fisiologica e sanitaria das sementes foram avaliadas inicialmente e a cada tres meses de armazenamento pelas seguintes determinacoes: teor agua das sementes; teste de germinacao; teste de frio; emergencia em areia/solo em bandeja; teste de envelhecimento acelerado; e sanidade. Conclui-se que as sementes de soja tratadas com thiram+thiabendazole tem um melhor desempenho durante o armazenamento. Os polimeros nao afetam a qualidade fisiologica das sementes e promovem melhor aderencia dos fungicidas, sem alterar os efeitos dos mesmos.

Physiological quality and amylase enzyme expression in maize seeds

The physiological quality of maize seeds is affected by the genotype. Thus, the study of expression of genes associated with this characteristic is important in the genotype selection process in breeding programs. The aim of this research was to study the expression of amylase enzymes associated with physiological quality of maize seeds with different genotypes and seed sizes. We further sought to assess the expression of these enzymes in dry and soaked seeds The experiment was conducted in the experimental area and the Central Seed Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. Seeds of four maize inbred lines were used, classified in two sizes. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by means of germination, seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed index and accelerated aging test. Expression of the alpha amylase enzyme was evaluated by the electrophoresis technique and expression of the alpha amylase B73, alpha amylase (LOC542522) and beta amylase 5 (amyb5) genes was studied by the qRT-PCR technique in dry and soaked seeds of the inbred lines. There is differentiated expression of amylase enzymes in maize seeds of inbred lines with different levels of physiological quality. higher expression of amylase enzymes is observed in soaked maize seeds. The expression of transcripts is higher in smaller as wellas in soaked maize seeds of inbred lines.

Tratamento fungicida de sementes de soja inoculadas com Colletotrichum truncatum

The sanitary and physiological qualities of soybean seeds are determining factors for the establishment of appropriate stands. This research aimed to evaluate the soybean seed performance and plants growth after seed inoculation with Colletotrichum truncatum and fungicide treatment by filmcoating. The seeds were inoculated whit C. truncatum by water restriction technique and then treated with fungicides and polymer. The used treatments were carbendazin, fludioxonil+mefenoxan, thiabendazole+thiram, thiophanate methyl, caboxin+thiram and untreated seeds. The seeds were treated with and whitout polymer. Seed germination, cold test, seedling emergence and seed health test (blotter test) were evaluated. Plants grown in pots were evaluated using length of aerial parts, dry matter of roots and aerial parts. The best control of C. truncatum was obtained when the seeds were treated with fludioxonil+mefenoxan and thiabendazole+thiram. These treatments also contributed to improve the physiological performance of the seeds. The soybean seeds vigour and the plants growth were reduced when the seeds are treated whit methyl thiophanate. The film-coating do not affect the physiological potential and the soybean seed health.

Qualidade fisiológica e produtividade de sementes de feijão oriundas de sementes tratadas com enraizante e nutrição mineral das plantas

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rooter applied through seed treatment on the physiological quality of seeds and the leaf fertilization associated with the seed treatment with rooter in agronomic traits in the bean culture. For the research in field, seeds of cultivar Perola were treated with the Tegram® fungicide in association with the Wiser rooter in the dosage of 200 mL/100 kg seeds. Seeds were sown in soil with or without fertilization and after 30 and 60 days of the sowing, the leaf fertilization was made with Fitofos K Plus®. This research was constituted of split plot in factorial system 2x2x2 (leaf fertilization, soil fertilization and rooter) in RBD. It was evaluated the population at 21 days and the productivity. For laboratory research, 5 lots of seeds of Perola cultivar treated with the fungicide Tegram and the Wiser rooter in the dosagem of 200 mL/100 kg seeds were used, in a factorial system 5x2 (lots and rooter) in RBD. Seeds were evaluated by germination test, emergency in bed, emergency in vases and shoot dry matter. The use of the rooter reduces germination and vigor of bean seeds and associated with leaf fertilizer, provided an increase in the productivity in the absence of soil fertilization.

Tratamento de sementes com enraizante e adubação foliar e seus efeitos sobre o desempenho da cultura do milho

®e associado ou nao ao produto enraizante Wiser, na dosagem de 200 mL/100kg de sementes. A semeadura foi realizada em solo com e sem adubacao e aos 30 e 60 dias apos a semeadura foi feita a adubacao foliar com o produto Fitofos K Plus ® . Foi avaliada a populacao aos 21 dias, alturas da espiga e de pendao, numero de espigas, estande final e a produtividade. Esse ensaio foi constituido de parcelas subdivididas em sistema fatorial 2x2x2 (adubacao foliar, adubacao no solo e produto enraizante), em delineamento de blocos casualizados (DBC). Para ensaio em laboratorio, foram utilizados cinco lotes de sementes de milho cultivar CMSM027 tratadas com o fungicida Tegram ®Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar o efeito do enraizante via tratamento de sementes sobre a qualidade fisiologica das sementes de milho, juntamente com a adubacao foliar sobre a produtividade dessa cultura. Para o ensaio em campo, sementes hibridas de milho cultivar Garra foram tratadas com o fungicida Tegram® e associado ou nao ao produto enraizante Wiser, na dosagem de 200 mL/100kg de sementes. A semeadura foi realizada em solo com e sem adubacao e aos 30 e 60 dias apos a semeadura foi feita a adubacao foliar com o produto Fitofos K Plus®. Foi avaliada a populacao aos 21 dias, alturas da espiga e de pendao, numero de espigas, estande final e a produtividade. Esse ensaio foi constituido de parcelas subdivididas em sistema fatorial 2x2x2 (adubacao foliar, adubacao no solo e produto enraizante), em delineamento de blocos casualizados (DBC). Para ensaio em laboratorio, foram utilizados cinco lotes de sementes de milho cultivar CMSM027 tratadas com o fungicida Tegram® com ou sem o produto enraizante na dosagem de 200 mL/100kg de sementes, sendo esse ensaio constituido de um sistema fatorial 5x2 (lotes e enraizante) em DBC. Foram avaliados a germinacao das sementes, emergencia em canteiro, emergencia em vasos, materia seca da parte aerea e materia seca de raizes. O produto enraizante reduziu o vigor das sementes de milho. Em campo, o enraizante e a adubacao foliar promoveram maior numero de espigas por planta e maior produtividade na cultura do milho.