H. J. Kirkeby

Short-and long-term reproducibility of cystometry

SummaryWe investigated 8 male patients, age 28–51 years, mean 35, with symptoms of bladder neck dysfunction by means of repeated water-cystometry. We made four cystometries with different patient positions and filling rates followed by a further two cystometries after an interval of 8 days. We found no difference in bladder volumes at first sensation and maximal capacity between the different investigations, irrespective of patient position and filling rate. It was concluded that data obtained by water cystometry may be regarded as absolute.

Alpha-Adrenoceptor Function in Isolated Penile Circumflex Veins from Potent and Impotent Men

Alpha-adrenoceptor functions were investigated in isolated human penile circumflex veins from six potent and four impotent men. Contractions elicited by noradrenaline and phenylephrine were inhibited by prazosin, yohimbine, phentolamine and papaverine. No differences were found between vessels from potent and impotent men. The results suggest that alpha-adrenoceptors in penile circumflex veins are of both alpha 1- and alpha 2-type, and that no changes in alpha-adrenoceptor function occur in impotence associated with an increased penile venous outflow.

Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide, peptide histidine methionine, and neuropeptide y on intracavernous pressure in the rabbit

In anesthesized white rabbits blood was extracorporeally circulated from the left carotid artery into the penile corporeal bodies with a constant flow rate. Corpus cavernosum pressure (CCP) responses to intracavernous injections of drugs were recorded in animals with aortic nonocclusion and aortic occlusion, respectively. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP, 1 microgram, 5 micrograms, and 20 micrograms), dissolved in 0.5 mL volumes, induced no significant increases in CCP compared with equivalent volumes of solvent, but the peptide increased the time interval until return of CCP to steady state level. Peptide histidine methionine induced a significant increase in the maximal CCP obtained in nonocclusion, and the time interval until return of CCP to steady state levels was increased in both aortic nonocclusion and occlusion. Neuropeptide Y produced an increase in the maximal CCP in animals with aortic occlusion, and a minor increase in the time interval until return of CCP values to steady state levels in both aortic nonocclusion and occlusion. Thus, all the peptides tested were capable of influencing the smooth muscle tissues involved in penile outflow regulation.

Urethral pressure variations in healthy male volunteers

SummaryUrethral pressures are usually considered to be static and only few authors have emphasized timerelated pressure changes. We conducted a study on 10 healthy male volunteers, monitoring the urethral pressures at maximal urethral closure pressure, 2.5 cm proximal (bladder neck) and 2.5 cm distal (pars bulbosa) respectively over 30 min periods. At the bladder neck only sporadic waves were seen. At maximal clusure pressure alsmost permanent oscillations were found, the wavelenghts and amplitudes showing big differences. At the pars bulbosa 2 persons showed only sporadic oscill ions and in 7 we found permanent pressure variatiens. The pressure variations are proposed to represent peristaltic activity with the ability of experlling the last drops of urine after micturition and posing a mechanical barrier to ascending microorganisms.

Preoperative Symptomatology and Diagnostic Findings in Relation to Outcome of Pyeloplasty in Patients with Primary Hydronephrosis

Sixty-seven patients, aged 3-71 years, with primary hydronephrosis were operated at our department during a 5-year period. All patients had Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty. The primary clinical result of surgery was excellent in 63 patients (94%). Of the patients with reduced renographic uptake fraction preoperatively, 38% had a significant gain 6 months after reconstruction, while only 1 patient had a reduction. There was no correlation between the outcome of reconstruction and preoperative history, degree of hydronephrosis on IVP, preoperative functional share on renography or the peroperative finding of aberrant vessels compressing the ureter. It was concluded that surgery should be undertaken on rather wide indications as reconstruction leads to stable or improved renal function regardless of preoperative symptoms or diagnostic findings.