H. S. Sahota

Gamma-ray attenuation coefficients in bismuth borate glasses

Abstract Mass attenuation coefficients of glasses in the system: xBi2O3(1−x)B2O3 (x=0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.55) were determined at 356, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV photon energies using a narrow beam transmission method. Appreciable variations were observed in these coefficients due to changes in the chemical composition of glasses. These coefficients were then used to determine effective atomic numbers of glass samples, which were found to be constant with bismuth concentration and energy.

Photon interaction studies in solutions of some alkali metal chlorides—I

Abstract Attenuation coefficients of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides viz. LiCl, NaCl and KCl having different concentrations have been determined at 81, 356, 511, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV gamma photons using narrow beam transmission method. The experimental results are analysed in terms of total cross sections, effective atomic numbers and electron density values of these solutions. In addition, molar extinction coefficients, interaction cross-sections and interaction radii for the solid solutes in aqueous solutions have also been calculated at these energies and concentrations. The mixture rule is applied to examine the compatibility of the results.

Attenuation measurements in solutions of some carbohydrates

Abstract The linear attenuation coefficients in aqueous solutions of three carbohydrates, glucose (C6H12O6), maltose monohydrate (C12H22O11·H2O), and sucrose (C12H22O11), were determined at 81, 356, 511, 662, 1173, and 1332 keV by the gamma-ray transmission method in a good geometry setup. From the precisely measured densities of these solutions, mass attenuation coefficients were then obtained that varied systematically with the corresponding changes in the concentrations (g/cm3) of these solutions. The experimental results were used in terms of effective atomic numbers and electron densities. A comparison between experimental and theoretical values of attenuation coefficients has proven that the study has a potential application for the determination of attenuation coefficients of solid solutes from their solutions without obtaining them in pure crystalline form.

Photon interaction studies with some glasses and building materials

Abstract Mass attenuation coefficients of some shielding materials, namely, Bakelite, black cement, white cement, plaster of paris, and concrete were determined at 356-, 511-, 662-, 1173-, and 1332-keV energies, and those of glasses containing oxides of B, Cd, Pb, and Bi were determined only at 662 keV using a narrow beam transmission method. These coefficients of glasses were then used to determine their interaction cross sections, effective atomic numbers, and electron densities. Good agreement was observed between the experimental and theoretical values. It has been proven that glasses have a potential application as a transparent radiation shielding.

Study of nuclear quadrupole interactions in different environments of decaying atoms of 75Se by sum peak method.

The sum peak intensity I400 (279 + 121 keV) relative to its singles peak intensity I279 or I121 has been determined in various environments of 75Se by gamma-gamma summing technique in a single HPGe detector. The change in intensity has been used to determine nuclear quadrupole interaction frequencies and electric field gradient components in different environments, e.g. Se-glycerol, Se-hydrochloric acid (HCl), Se-perchloric acid (HClO4), Se-blood samples with and without anti-coagulant, Se-alanine and Se-cysteine at different pH values. The electric field gradient is found to vary with chemical complex formation.