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Håkan Kassman

Chalmers University of Technology

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Review of Scientific Instruments | 2009

Principle, calibration, and application of the in situ alkali chloride monitor

Christer Forsberg; Markus Broström; Rainer Backman; Elin Edvardsson; Shahriar Badiei; Magnus Berg; Håkan Kassman

The extended use of biomass for heat and power production has caused increased operational problems with fouling and high-temperature corrosion in boilers. These problems are mainly related to the presence of alkali chlorides (KCl and NaCl) at high concentrations in the flue gas. The in situ alkali chloride monitor (IACM) was developed by Vattenfall Research and Development AB for measuring the alkali chloride concentration in hot flue gases (less than or approximately 650 degrees C). The measurement technique is based on molecular differential absorption spectroscopy in the UV range. Simultaneous measurement of SO(2) concentration is also possible. The measuring range is 1-50 ppm for the sum of KCl and NaCl concentrations and 4-750 ppm for SO(2). This paper describes the principle of the IACM as well as its calibration. Furthermore, an example of its application in an industrial boiler is given.

Fuel Processing Technology | 2013

Two Strategies to Reduce Gaseous KCl and Chlorine in Deposits during Biomass Combustion - Injection of Ammonium Sulphate and Co-Combustion with Peat

Håkan Kassman; Jesper Pettersson; Britt-Marie Steenari; Lars-Erik Åmand

Fuel | 2011

Measures to reduce chlorine in deposits: Application in a large-scale circulating fluidised bed boiler firing biomass

Håkan Kassman; Markus Broström; Magnus Berg; Lars-Erik Åmand

Combustion and Flame | 2010

The importance of SO2 and SO3 for sulphation of gaseous KCl - An experimental investigation in a biomass fired CFB boiler

Håkan Kassman; Linda S Bäfver; Lars-Erik Åmand

Proccedings 19th FBC Conference from May 21 -May 24 2006 in Vienna/AUSTRIA | 2006

Gas Phase Alkali Chlorides and Deposits during Co-Combustion of Coal and Biomass

Håkan Kassman; Christer Andersson; Jan Högberg; Lars-Erik Åmand; Kent Davidsson

Archive | 2012

Strategies to reduce gaseous KCl and chlorine in deposits during combustion of biomass in fluidised bed boilers

Håkan Kassman

Journal of The Institute of Energy | 1997

Secondary effects in sampling ammonia during measurements in a circulationg fluidised-bed combustor

Håkan Kassman; Lars-Erik Åmand; Bo G Leckner

9th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, CFB 2008, in Conjunction with the 4th International VGB Workshop on Operating Experience with Fluidized Bed Firing Systems; Hamburg; Germany; 13 May 2008 through 16 May 2008 | 2008