Halit Arslan

An Amperometric Biosensor for Glucose Determination Prepared from Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in Polyaniline-Polyvinylsulfonate Film

In this study, a novel amperometric glucose biosensor with immobilization of glucose oxidase on electrochemically polymerized polyaniline-polyvinylsulphonate (Pani-Pvs) films has been accomplished via the entrapment technique. Electropolymerization of aniline on the Pt surface of the Pt electrode was carried out at constant potential (0.75 V, vs. Ag/AgCl) using an electrochemical cell containing aniline and polyvinylsulphonate. Firstly, the optimum working conditions for preparing polyaniline-polyvinylsulfonate films were investigated. Determination of glucose was carried out by the oxidation of enzymatically produced H2O2 at 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The effects of pH and temperature were investigated and the optimum pH value was found to be 7.5. The storage stability and operational stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied. The results show that 75% of the response current was retained after 16 activity assays. The prepared glucose biosensor retained 80.6% of initial activity after 40 days when stored in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution at 4 °C.

Preparation of carbon paste electrodes including poly(styrene) attached glycine-Pt(IV) for amperometric detection of glucose.

In this study, a novel carbon paste electrode that is sensitive to glucose was prepared using the nanoparticles modified (4-Formyl-3-methoxyphenoxymethyl) with polystyren (FMPS) with L-Glycine-Pt(IV) complexes. Polymeric nanoparticles having Pt(IV) ion were prepared from (4-Formyl-3-methoxyphenoxymethyl) polystyren, glycine and PtCl4 by template method. Glucose oxidase enzyme was immobilized to a modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Determination of glucose was carried out by oxidation of enzymatically produced H2O2 at 0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Effects of pH and temperature were investigated, and optimum parameters were found to be 8.0 and 55°C, respectively. Linear working range of the electrode was 5.0×10(-6)-1.0×10(-3) M, R(2)=0.997. Storage stability and operational stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied. Glucose biosensor gave perfect reproducible results after 10 measurements with 2.3% relative standard deviation. Also, it had good storage stability (gave 53.57% of the initial amperometric response at the end of 33th day).

Preparation of a Polypyrrole-Polyvinylsulphonate Composite Film Biosensor for Determination of Phenol Based on Entrapment of Polyphenol Oxidase

Abstract: In this paper, a novel amperometric phenol biosensor with immobilization of polyphenol oxidase (tyrosinase) on electrochemically polymerized polypyrrole-polyvinylsulphonate (PPy-PVS) film has been accomplished via the entrapment technique on the surface of a platinum electrode. The amperometric determination is based on the electrochemical reduction of quinon generated in the enzymatic reaction of phenol. The effects of pH and temperature were investigated and optimum parameters were found to be 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. The linear working range of the electrode was 1.0 × 10−7 – 5.0 × 10−6 M. The storage stability and operation stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied.

Preparing a new biosensor for hypoxanthine determination by immobilization of xanthine oxidase and uricase in polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulphonate film

Abstract In this study, a new amperometric biosensor for the determination of hypoxanthine was developed. To this aim, polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulphonate films were prepared on the platinum electrode by the electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of polyvinyl sulphonate. Xanthine oxidase and uricase enzymes were immobilized in polypyrrole-polyvinyl sulphonate via the entrapment method. Optimum conditions of enzyme electrode were determined. Hypoxanthine detection is based on the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide at +400 mV produced by the enzymatic reaction on the enzyme electrode surface. The linear working range of biosensor for hypoxanthine was determined. The effects of pH and temperature on the response of the hypoxanthine biosensor were investigated. Optimum pH and temperature were measured as 8 and 30°C, respectively. Operational and storage stability of the biosensor were determined. After 20 assays, the biosensor sustained 74.5% of its initial performance. After 33 days, the biosensor lost 36% of its initial performance. The performance of the biosensor was tested in real samples.

An amperometric biosensor for choline determination prepared from choline oxidase immobilized in polypyrrole-polyvinylsulfonate film

Abstract In this paper, a novel amperometric choline biosensor with immobilization of choline oxidase on electrochemically polymerized polypyrrole–polyvinylsulphonate (PPy–PVS) film has been accomplished via the entrapment technique. The effects of pH and temperature were investigated and optimum parameters were found to be 9.0 and 60 °C, respectively. There are two linear parts in the region between 1.0 × 10 −7 − 1.0 × 10 −6M (R2 = 0.997) and 1.0 × 10 −5 − 1.0 × 10 −3 M (R2 = 0.986). The storage stability and operation stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied.

Glucose biosensor based on immobilization of glucose oxidase on a carbon paste electrode modified with microspheres attached L-glycine.

In the present study, a novel biosensor that is sensitive to glucose was prepared using the microspheres modified with (4‐formyl‐3‐methoxyphenoxymethyl)polystyrene (FMPS) with l‐glycine. Polymeric microspheres having Schiff bases were prepared from FMPS using the glycine condensation method. Glucose oxidase enzyme was immobilized onto modified carbon paste electrode by cross‐linking with glutaraldehyde. Oxidation of enzymatically produced H2O2 (+0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl) was used for determination of glucose. Optimal temperature and pH were found as 50 °C and 8.0, respectively. The glucose biosensor showed a linear working range from 5.0 × 10−4 to 1.0 × 10−2 M, R2 = 0.999. Storage and operational stability of the biosensor were also investigated. The biosensor gave perfect reproducible results after 20 measurements with 3.3% relative standard deviation. It also had good storage stability.

Sequence-specific label-free nucleic acid biosensor for the detection of the hepatitis C virus genotype 1a using a disposable pencil graphite electrode.

In this paper, we demonstrate a simple, sensitive, inexpensive, disposable and label-free electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor for the detection of the hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (HCV1a). The nucleic acid biosensor was designed with the amino-linked inosine-substituted 20-mer probes, which were immobilized onto a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) by covalent linking. The proposed nucleic acid biosensor was linear in the range of 0.05 and 0.75 μM, exhibiting a limit of detection of 54.9 nM. The single-stranded synthetic PCR product analogs of HCV1a were also detected with satisfactory results under optimal conditions, showing the potential application of this biosensor.

Choline-sensing carbon paste electrode containing polyaniline (pani)–silicon dioxide composite-modified choline oxidase

Abstract In this study, a novel carbon paste electrode (CPE) was prepared using the salt form of polyaniline (pani)–silicon dioxide composite that is sensitive to choline. Choline oxidase (ChO) enzyme was immobilized to modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Determination of choline was carried out by the oxidation of enzymatically produced H2O2 at 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The effects of pH and temperature were investigated, and the optimum parameters were found to be 6.0 and 60°C, respectively. The linear working range of the electrode was 5.0 × 10−7–1.0 × 10−5 M, R2 = 0.922. The storage stability and operation stability of the enzyme electrode were also studied.