Hamdy A. Hammouda

Reactions with 4,5-DI (p-Chlorophenyl)Imidazolidine-2-Thione

Abstract Alkylation of 1 gave the S-alkyl derivatives 3a-c. The S-methyl derivative 3a reacted with amines, with the elimination of methanethiol, to give the 2-amino derivatives 4a-c; with thiosemicarbazide to yield the imidazo [2,1-c]s-triazole 6; and with anthranilic acids to yield the imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolines 8a, b. Compound 3a reacted also with active-methylene compounds to give the ketene aminals 10a-c. Alkylation of 1 with dihaloalkanes afforded the bis compounds 14a, b. In the case of 1,2-dibromoethane, the imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole 13 was obtained. The reaction of 1 with α-halo-ketones led directly to the imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles 15a-c and 17. However, with halo-acetoacetanilides, the acyclic intermediates 20d-g were isolated.

Synthesis of 5 H-Thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline-3,5(2 H)-dione. Its Condensation with Aldehydes, Coupling with Diazonium Salts and Cleavage by Amines

Cyclodehydration of (4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinylthio)acetic acid (1) afforded 5 H-thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline-3,5(2 H)-dione (2). Condensation of 2 with aldehydes gave the 2-arylmethylene derivatives (6 a-d) and coupling with diazonium salts gave the hydrazones (9a, b). The thiazolone ring in 2 has been cleaved by amines to give a-(4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-quinazolinylthio)acetanilides (11 a-d). The arylmethylene derivatives of the angular isomer of 2, 5 H-thiazolo[3,2-a]quinazoline-1,5(2 H)-dione (4), were also prepared.

Thyroid Hormone Indices in Computer Workers with Emphasis on the Role of Zinc Supplementation

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer monitor-emitted radiation on thyroid hormones and the possible protective role of zinc supplementation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included three groups. The first group (group B) consisted of 42 computer workers. This group was given Zinc supplementation in the form of one tablet daily for eight weeks. The second group (group A) comprised the same 42 computer workers after zinc supplementation. A group of 63 subjects whose job does not entail computer use was recruited as a control Group (Group C). All participants filled a questionnaire including detailed medical and occupational histories. They were subjected to full clinical examination. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and zinc levels were measured in all participants. RESULTS: TSH, FT3, FT4 and zinc concentrations were decreased significantly in group B relative to group C. In group A, all tested parameters were improved when compared with group B. The obtained results revealed that radiation emitted from computers led to changes in TSH and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) in the workers. CONCLUSION: Improvement after supplementation suggests that zinc can ameliorate hazards of such radiation on thyroid hormone indices.

Heterodienes in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Novel Synthesis of Thiopyrano[2,3‐d]imidazoles.

Aus den Aryliden-thiohydantoinen (I) werden mit den Dienophilen (II), (IV), (VI) bzw. (VIII) unter Cycloaddition die Thiopyranoimidazole (III), (V), (VII) bzw. (IX) erhalten.