Han Slootweg

Practice-oriented optimization of distribution network planning using metaheuristic algorithms

Distribution network operators require more advanced planning tools to deal with the challenges of future network planning. An appropriate planning and optimization tool can identify which option for network extension should be selected from available alternatives. However, many optimization approaches described in the literature are quite theoretical and do not yield results that are practically relevant and feasible. In this paper, a distribution network planning approach is proposed which meets requirements originating from network planning practice to guarantee realistic outcomes. This approach uses a state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithm: Gene-pool Optimal Mixing Evolutionary Algorithm. The performance of this algorithm, as well as the proposed model, is demonstrated using a real-world case study.

Applying demand side management using a generalised three phase grid supportive approach

Demand side management is often seen as a promising tool for distribution network operators to mitigate network operation limit violations. Many demand side management applications have been proposed, each with their own objectives and methodology. Quite often, these demand side management applications do not have a direct interface with the network monitoring applications of the network operator, and therefore are not always capable of resolving operation limit violations effectively. Besides, for network operators it can be difficult to deal with the various types of demand side management applications run by different aggregators or energy suppliers. Therefore, this paper proposes a generalised three phase grid supportive demand side management approach for distribution networks, establishing a new interface between the monitoring and network analysis tools of the network operator and the demand side management application. Using the network sensitivity, independently of what objective de demand side management application pursues, the demand side management application will be able to resolve network operation limit violations as specified by the network operator. A case study based on fair power sharing shows the applicability of the proposed approach for mitigating over and under voltages as well as over currents simultaneously, followed by recommendations for future work and conclusions.

Structuring the design space of the ICT architecture for the Smart Grid

Current electricity grids are developing towards so called “Smart Grids”. Within these Smart Grids information and communication technology (ICT) will play a role in new categories of communication, measurement and control equipment in the electricity grid. Furthermore, it will play a role in the communication between the main actors of a Smart Grid (Market players, Grid Operators and Consumers) and inside the home of the consumer. For ICT architects it is difficult to make the appropriate architectural design choices as different architecture variants are possible and their design space has not been structured. In order to help ICT architects we have structured the design space of the ICT architecture for the Smart Grid and we briefly show how the structured design space can be used in concrete Smart Grid projects. In this paper, first an overview will be given of current views on Smart Grids. Then, the applied research strategy will be explained and the resulting ICT architecture variants for the Smart Grid are presented. The design space is structured based on market orientedness, grid orientedness and the level of distributedness of these architecture variants. Finally, the ICT architecture variants are positioned in the 3-dimensional design space and an overview is given of how the design space could be used in concrete Smart Grid projects.