Handoko Darmokoesoemo

Characterization and isotherm data for adsorption of Cd 2+ from aqueous solution by adsorbent from mixture of bagasse-bentonite

The usage of wastes of baggase would be admirable from environmental and solid waste management point of view. Thus, herein, this data set present a facile method for providing an adsorbent from mixture of bagasse-bentonite. The prepared adsorbent was applied to remove Cd2+ from aqueous solution. The characterization data of the adsorbent were analyzed using XRF and FTIR methods. The XRF test results showed the changes of elemental content in adsorbent after the adsorption indicated that adsorbent can absorb Cd2+. The FTIR test results showed that adsorbent has a functional group that is useful in adsorption process. It was conducted in laboratory scale and the adsorption technique was batch technique. The information regarding isotherms of cadmium ions adsorption were listed. The Langmuir isotherm was suitable for correlation of equilibrium data. The acquired data indicated that the adsorption of Cd2+ by the adsorbent prepared from mixture of bagasse-bentonite is a promising technique for treating Cd-bearing wastewaters.

Characterization, isotherm, and thermodynamic data for selective adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by Indonesia (Ende-Flores) natural zeolite Cr(VI)-imprinted-poly(4-VP-co-EGDMA)-ANZ (IIP-ANZ)

In this paper, we report for the first time modification of Indonesia (Ende-Flores) natural zeolite Cr(VI)-imprinted-poly(4-VP-co-EGDMA)-ANZ (IIP-ANZ) as a selective adsorbent for Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The IIP-ANZ was synthesized from Cr(VI) as a template, 4-vinylphiridine (4-VP) as complex agent and as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker agent, benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator and ethanol/acetone as a porogen. The optimization adsorption parameters optimization such as adsorbent amount, initial pH of sample solution, contact time and temperature were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity was 4.210 mg/g adsorbent. The adsorption process follow Freundlich isotherm model. Under the competitive condition, the adsorption capacity of IIP-ANZ for Cr(VI) is higher than Pb(II), Mn(II), NI(II) and Cr(III). Moreover, the reusability of the IIP-ANZ particle was tested for five times and no significant loss in adsorption capacity observed.

Affordable dye sensitizer by waste

The development of dye sensitizer is growing in line with the increasing demand for renewable energy. A research to obtain a dye sensitizer that is economical, safe, and produces a great value of DSSC efficiency is a challenge unresolved. On the other hand, the efforts for waste reduction are also intensively conducted to create better environment. In this paper, the variation of synthetic dye wastes from batik industries have been successfully applied as dye sensitizer and fabricated on DSSC cells. Congo red (1.0133%) yielded higher efficiency than rhodamine B (0.0126%), methyl orange (0.7560%), and naphthol blue black (0.0083%). The divergence of the efficiency of DSSC is very dependent upon the chromophore group owned by dye. This study has proven that the more chromophore group possessed by dye, the higher the efficiency of DSSC generated. This research concludes that the dye wastes have a bright future to be implemented as dye sensitizer on solar cells.

Application of Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Benzaldehyde as Anticorrosion Agent on Steel

Corrosion is one of the problems that is often found in daily life especially in petroleum and gas industry. Carboxymethyl chitosan- (CMC-) benzaldehyde was synthesized as corrosion inhibitor for steel. Corrosion rate was determined by potentiostatic polarization method in HCl 1 M. Dripping and coating, two different treatment, were used to drop and coat steel by CMC-benzaldehyde. The results showed that CMC-benzaldehyde could inhibit the corrosion rate of steel with concentration of 1 g, 3 g, 5 g, and 7 g in 60 mL of solvent. Coating steel with CMC-benzaldehyde with concentration of 7 g/60 mL of solvent and starch of 0.1 g/mL showed the highest efficiency to inhibit corrosion rate of steel. These treatments give corrosion efficiency of 99.8%.

Characterization of a mixture of algae waste-bentonite used as adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution

The usage of wastes of algae would be admirable from environmental and solid waste management point of view. Thus, herein, this data set present a facile method for providing an adsorbent from mixture of algae waste-bentonite. The prepared adsorbent was applied to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution. The characterization data of the adsorbent were analyzed using FTIR and SEM-EDX methods. The FTIR test results showed that there is a shift in the wave numbers on the adsorbent that has been loaded with Pb indicating that there is an interaction between the adsorbent and Pb. The SEM-EDX test results showed that there is Pb on the adsorbent that has been loaded with Pb. It was conducted in laboratory scale and the adsorption technique was batch technique. The acquired data indicated that the adsorption of Pb2+ by the adsorbent prepared from mixture of algae waste-bentonite is a promising technique for treating Pb-bearing wastewaters.

Characterization, kinetic, and isotherm data for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution by Cr(VI)-imprinted poly(4-VP-co-MMA) supported on activated Indonesia (Ende-Flores) natural zeolite structure

The adsorption performance of Cr(VI) on the Cr(VI)-imprinted poly(4-VP-co-MMA) (IIP) supported on Activated Indonesia (Ende-Flores) natural zeolite (ANZ) structure for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution have been studied. Cr(VI)-imprinted-poly(4-VP-co-MMA)-ANZ (IIP-ANZ) was synthesized using Cr(VI) as a template, 4-vinylphiridine (4-VP) as a complex agent, methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a monomer agent, ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX and BET was performed to characterize the synthesized materials. The maximum adsorption capacity was 2.431 mg/g adsorbent at pH 2, contact time of 30 min, under 303 K respectively. Five kinetic and four isotherm models were used to find out the reaction rate of Cr(VI) adsorption processes on this adsorbent. Under the competitive condition, the adsorption capacity of this adsorbent for Cr(VI) is greater than Cr(III), Mn(II) or Ni(II) ions but it less selective if present of Pb(II) ion. Moreover, the reusability of the IIP-ANZ was tested for five times and no significant loss in adsorption capacity observed.

ANALYSIS OF URIC ACID USING CARBON PASTE ELECTRODES MODIFIED BY MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER AS POTENTIOMETRY SENSOR

The development of carbon paste electrodes modified with the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the potentiometric analysis of uric acid was carried out in this study. MIP was made from methyl methacrylate as a monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker, and uric acid as a template. The carbon paste electrodes/MIP is produced from carbon, MIP, and paraffin with ratio 40 : 25 : 35 (%, w/w). The measurement of uric acid with carbon paste electrodes/MIP produced Nernst factor of 30.19 mV/decade with a measurement range of 10-10 M. The minimum detection limit of this method was 3.03.10 M, the precision and accuracy towards uric acid with a concentration of 10-10 M was ranging between 1.36-2.03% and 63.9-166%. The selectivity coefficient value was less than one which indicated that the electrode was selective against uric acid and was not interfered by urea. This electrode has a response time less than two minutes and lifetime is eight weeks with the usage is 104 times.

Carbon paste electrode modified molecularly imprinted polymer as a sensor for creatinine analysis by stripping voltammetry

Modification of carbon paste electrode with molecularly imprinted polymer (CP-MIP) as a voltammetric sensor for creatinine has been developed. MIP was synthesized by reacting melamine, chloranil and creatinine with a mole ratio of 1:1:0.1. Creatinine was extracted from polymer chain by using hot water to form a specific imprinted for creatinine molecule. Carbon paste-MIP electrode was prepared by mixing activated carbon, solid paraffin, and MIP in a 45:40:15(w/w %) ratio. The optimum conditions of creatinine analysis by differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) using the developed electrode were the accumulation potential -1000 mV during 90 s at pH 5. The precision of the method for 0.1-0.5 μlg/L creatinine was 88.7–96.3%, while the detection limit of this method was 0.0315 μlg/L. The accuracy compared by spectrophotometric method was 95.3–103.6%Modification of carbon paste electrode with molecularly imprinted polymer (CP-MIP) as a voltammetric sensor for creatinine has been developed. MIP was synthesized by reacting melamine, chloranil and creatinine with a mole ratio of 1:1:0.1. Creatinine was extracted from polymer chain by using hot water to form a specific imprinted for creatinine molecule. Carbon paste-MIP electrode was prepared by mixing activated carbon, solid paraffin, and MIP in a 45:40:15(w/w %) ratio. The optimum conditions of creatinine analysis by differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) using the developed electrode were the accumulation potential -1000 mV during 90 s at pH 5. The precision of the method for 0.1-0.5 μlg/L creatinine was 88.7–96.3%, while the detection limit of this method was 0.0315 μlg/L. The accuracy compared by spectrophotometric method was 95.3–103.6%

APLIKASI CARBOXYMETHYL CHITOSAN - UREA GLUTARAT (CMCHI - UGLU) SEBAGAI KATALIS TERFLUIDAKAN PADA SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO)

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mentransformasi kitosan menjadi carboxymethyl chitosan yang selanjutnya diubah menjadi carboxymethyl chitosan urea glutarat ( CMChi -UGLU) dan kemudian diaplikasikan sebagai katalis terfluidakan untuk sintesis biodiesel. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas katalitik katalis CMChi -UGLU. CMChi -UGLU yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) sedangkan biodiesel yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Sintesis biodiesel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kolom fluidisasi yang diisi dengan Virgin Coconut Oil dan metanol (1:60) serta katalis CMChi -UGLU sebanyak 10% b/b minyak selama 90 menit dan pada suhu 65-70°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas katalitik katalis CMChi -UGLU adalah 80,046%, hasil ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan katalis chitosan yaitu 40,023%. Kata kunci: kitosan, CMChi-UGLU, fluidisasi, aktivitas katalitik Abstract This study aims to transforming chitosan into carboxymethyl chitosan which is converted into carboxymethyl chitosan urea glutaric acid (CMChi-UGLU) that will be used as a fluidized catalyst for synthesis biodiesel. In addition, this study aims to determining the catalytic activity of CMChi-UGLU. CMChi-UGLU is characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red(FTIR) while biodiesel is characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Synthesis of biodiesel is performed using fluidization column which filled with virgin coconut oil and methanol (1:60) and also heterogeneous catalyst CMChi-UGLU as many as 10% of oil weight on condition within 90 minutes at temperature 65-70°C. The result of synthesis of biodiesel showed that the catalytic activity of CMChi-UGLU is 80,046%, this result is higher than uses chitosan which it’s catalytic activity is 40,023%. Keywords: chitosan, CMChi-UGLU, fluidization, catalytic activity

The effect of glicerol and sorbitol plasticizers toward disintegration time of phyto-capsules

The aim of research is determining the effect of glycerol and sorbitol toward the disintegration time of phyto-capsules, originated capsules from plant polysaccharides. Phyto-capsules were made from polysaccharides and 0.5% (v/v) of glycerol and sorbitol of each. The seven capsules of each were determined the disintegration time using Erweka disintegrator. The mean of disintegration time of phyto-capsules without plasticizers, with glycerol and sorbitol were 25’30”; 45’15” and 35’30” respectively. The color and colorless gelatin capsules showed the mean of disintegration time 7’30” and 2’35” respectively.