Hanna Koenig

Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of New Quasi-Podands from Bile Acid Derivatives Linked by 1,2,3-Triazole Rings

A novel method for the synthesis of bile acid derivatives has been developed using “click chemistry”. Intermolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the propargyl ester of bile acids and azide groups of 1,3,5-tris(azidomethyl)benzene gave a new quasi-podands with 1,2,3-triazole rings. The structures of the products were confirmed by spectral (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR) analysis, mass spectrometry and PM5 semiempirical methods. Estimation of the pharmacotherapeutic potential has been accomplished for synthesized compounds on the basis of Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS).

Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Semiempirical Studies of New Quaternary Alkylammonium Conjugates of Sterols

New quaternary alkylammonium conjugates of steroids were obtained by two step reaction of sterols (ergosterol, cholesterol, dihydrocholesterol) with bromoacetic acid bromide, followed by bimolecular nucleophilic substitution with a long chain tertiary alkylamine. The structures of products were confirmed by spectral (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR) analysis, mass spectrometry and PM5 semiempirical methods. The pharmacotherapeutic potential of synthesized compounds has been estimated on the basis of Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS).

Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of New Quaternary N,N-Dimethyl-3-phthalimidopropylammonium Conjugates of Sterols and Bile Acids

New quaternary 3-phthalimidopropylammonium conjugates of steroids were obtained by reaction of sterols (ergosterol, cholesterol, cholestanol) and bile acids (lithocholic, deoxycholic, cholic) with bromoacetic acid bromide to give sterol 3β-bromoacetates and bile acid 3α-bromoacetates, respectively. These intermediates were subjected to nuclephilic substitution with N,N-dimethyl-3-phthalimidopropylamine to give the final quaternary ammonium salts. The structures of products were confirmed by spectral (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR) analysis, mass spectrometry (ESI-MS, MALDI) as well as PM5 semiempirical methods and B3LYP ab initio methods. Estimation of the pharmacotherapeutic potential has been accomplished for synthesized compounds on the basis of Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS).

Quaternary Alkylammonium Conjugates of Steroids: Synthesis, Molecular Structure, and Biological Studies

The methods of synthesis as well as physical, spectroscopic (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR, ESI-MS), and biological properties of quaternary and dimeric quaternary alkylammonium conjugates of steroids are presented. The results were contrasted with theoretical calculations (PM5 methods) and potential pharmacological properties (PASS). Alkylammonium sterols exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity comparable to squalamine.

A novel synthetic approach to (20R)- and (20S)-21-hydroxy steroids. Synthesis of a marine sterol 21-hydroxycholesterol.

A short and efficient synthesis of steroid synthons, di(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) ethers of 3,21-dihydroxy-24-nor-chol-5-en-23-al (8 and 10) and of ethyl 3,21-dihydroxy-25-homo-chola-5,23-dien-25-oate (9 and 11), having natural (20R) and unnatural (20S) configuration from 3β-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-14α,20ξ-card-5-enolide (2) is reported. Further elongation of the side chain of these synthons provides a new method for the synthesis of (20R) and (20S)-21-hydroxy steroids. The utility of the method was exemplified by the synthesis of a natural marine sterol - 21-hydroxycholesterol (18).

Two isomeric cucurbitane derivatives

Two isomeric cucurbitane derivatives, 3beta,7alpha,11beta-triacetoxycucurbit-5(10)-ene, (I), and 3beta,7alpha,11beta-triacetoxy-5alpha-cucurbit-1(10)-ene, (II), both C(36)H(58)O(6), have their single endocyclic C=C double bonds in different positions. This results in differences in the conformation of the four-ring system, which is close to a half-chair/half-chair/chair/half-chair arrangement in (I) and to a half-chair/twist-boat/boat/half-chair arrangement in (II). The orientation of some of the substituents is also different; the 3beta-acetoxy group is in an equatorial position in (I) but in an axial position in (II), while the 11beta-acetoxy group occupies an axial position in (I) and an equatorial position in (II). The asymmetric unit of (I) contains two symmetry-independent molecules which do not differ significantly, being related by a pseudo-twofold axis of symmetry. In both structures, the aliphatic chain fragments are disordered and the disorder persists at lower temperatures.